CBSE Class 7 — Certification Brochure

LAPT

London Academy of Professional Training

Certificate

CBSE Class 7

• CBSE • Middle Stage

10Subjects	124Chapters	1630Classes	1000Total Marks	60%Pass Mark	LifetimeValidity

At a Glance

Award	Certificate
Assessment	1000 marks — 600 to pass (60%)
Prerequisites	None
Validity	Lifetime
Awarding Body	LAPT — London Academy of Professional Training

Curriculum

Arts

20 chapters · 162 classes 100 marks

• 1 Understanding Emotions — 12 classes

› How Theatre Is Taught in Grade 7: Free Space, Circle Time, Brain Booster and Rubrics

› Understanding Emotions Begins: Bharata's Verse, and the Bhava and Rasa You Learnt in Grade 6

› Levels Inside One Rasa: Mild Anger, Very Angry, Rage

› Activity 1.1: Emotional Corners - The Trial Round with Eight Rasa Placards

› Emotional Corners in Full: Four Levels of Happiness, No-Voice Rounds and the Advanced Story Game

› Exploring Expression Styles: The Same Emotion Shown Two Different Ways

› Styles of Acting Across Cultures: Japan, India, Brecht Style and Method Acting

› Natya Dharmi and Loka Dharmi: The Two Styles Bharata Muni Named

› Activity 1.2: Pick Your Style! - Chits, Basic and Advanced Rounds, and the Natyashastra Stanza

› Ancient Architecture: Navarasa Carved in Stone at Belur, Tanjavur and Elephanta

› Dedication of a Lifetime: The Story of Jakanachari, and Activity 1.3: Find a Picture!

› Key Takeaways - Theatre and Life, and the Chapter 1 Assessment Rubric

• 2 Say More without Speech — Mime — 9 classes

› What Mime Is: The Umbrella Told in Silence, and Marcel Marceau on the Language of Silence

› Mukaabhinaya and the Words of Mime: Facial Expression, Energy, Body Language, Interactive and Pantomime

› Activity 2.1: Holding an Imaginary Pencil Box - Full, Filled with Iron, and Empty

› Two Rules Before You Begin: Use the Object, Never Become It, and Establish Its Size and Weight

› Activity 2.2: Passing an Imaginary Object Round the Circle - Basic and Advanced Rounds

› The Three Pillars of a Mime Show: Imagination, Exaggeration, Costume and Make-up

› Black, White and Red: The Mime's Costume and Make-up, and Mime as a Universal Language for Equality

› Activity 2.3: Group Mime - Taking Away the Sets, Then the Props

› Make-up Magic: Create a Mime - Four Situations Drawn and Enacted, and the Chapter 2 Rubric

• 3 Let’s Design — Stage Technicals 2 — 14 classes

› Backstage - The Invisible Pillar of Theatre: Roots, Foundations and What Backstage Really Means

› The Four Backstage Departments During a Show: Set and Properties, Costume and Make-up, Music, Lighting

› Before the Show and After the Show: The Full Backstage Checklist for Every Department

› Fifteen to Eighteen People Backstage: Planning, Management and the Life Skills Theatre Teaches

› Discipline and Commitment, and Two Masters of Backstage: V Rama Murthy and Tapas Sen

› Theatre Skills in My Life, the History of Backstage (Poorvaranga Vidhi) and the Three Bells

› Natya Gruha, Nepathya and the Mahavarinis; the Natyashastra Stanza on a Badly Planned Production; and the Green Room

› Two Backstage Emergencies: The Injured Actor and the Stolen Bracelet

› Script Writing - Write Right: Structure, and the Ramayana as Protagonist, Goal, Conflict and Resolution

› Structure Applied to History, and Activity 3.2.1: Knowing Your Main Characters

› The Character Arc and Supporting Characters: Activities 3.2.2 and 3.2.3

› Scenes: Divisions That Mark a Change in Time, Place or Action

› Write Your Own Script! The Step-by-Step Checklist to Draft 1

› Key Takeaways - Backstage Makes the Magic Happen, and the Chapter 3 Rubric

• 4 Story of India’s Storytelling Tradition — 8 classes

› Meet Kathanjali: The Storyteller Who Has Lived for Thousands of Years

› How Storytelling Began in Bharata, and What Changed in the 2nd Century BCE

› Harikathe: Narada Muni, the Bhagavatar Community, and Gururajulu Naidu

› Kaavad Katha: The Mango-Wood Picture Box of the Bhaats, and Kaavadiya Khojaram ji

› Phad and Thangka, the Forms That Are Dying Out, and Circle Time

› Become a Storyteller! Connecting Traditional Paintings into a Story of Your Own

› Key Takeaways - Why an Oral Tradition Cannot Be Destroyed, and the Chapter 4 Rubric

› Summative Assessment for the Theatre Section: The Individual and Group Activities and How They Are Judged

• 5 Making Music — 8 classes

› Nada: What the Sangita Ratnakara Says Musical Sound Is Made Of

› Eight Musical Terms: Aadhara Shruti, Swara, Raga, Tala, Laya, Aroh, Avroh and Sargam

› How the Music Course Works: Sur, Laya and Shabd, and the Competencies You Are Working Towards

› Listening for Layers: Five Songs, and the Five Elements That Make Music

› Activity 5.1: Exploring Songs - Filling the Template for Three Songs of Different Styles

› Activity 5.2: Measure Your Accuracy, and Making Music Together - Harmony and Canon

› Singing a Canon in Two Groups and in Four, and Music as Teamwork: the Ritvijs of the Shrauta-Yajna

› The Five Bhaktis of Sama-gana, Activity 5.3: Chanting Shlokas in a Group, and the Chapter 5 Rubric

• 6 Music, Emotions and Creativity — 6 classes

› Music Carries Rasa: The Abhinaya Darpana on the Audience as a Wish-Fulfilling Tree

› Devotional Music and the Shabad: Koi Boley Raam Raam, Sung in the Gurudwara

› Lab Pe Aati Hai Dua, and Activity 6.1: The Emotion, the Language and the Words of a Devotional Song

› Activity 6.2: Understanding a Phad Painting Through Music

› Activity 6.3: Musical Narrative - Turning a History Lesson into a Song

› Activity 6.4 Active Listening and Activity 6.5 Act It Out, and the Chapter 6 Rubric

• 7 Ragas and Talas/Taal — 12 classes

› The Natyashastra's Seven Notes, and How Sapta Swara Grew Out of Vedic Chanting

› Carnatic Talas: The Seven Talas, the Three Angas, and the Dhruva and Matya Alankaras

› Rupaka Tala Alankara, the Swarajati, and the Eight Beats of Adi Tala

› Ra Ra Venu in Raga Bilahari: Reading the Heading, the Pallavi and the Anupallavi

› Ra Ra Venu: Charanams 1 and 2

› Ra Ra Venu: Charanams 3 and 4, and How to Practise the Whole Composition

› Hindustani Music: Twelve Notes, the Samay Chakra, and Jhaptala, Rupak and Ektaal

› Raga Bhairavi: The Sargam Geet in Ektaal, and the Raga's Full Description

› Raga Bhairavi in Teentaal: The Chota Khayal 'Kaisi Ye Bhalai Re Kanhai'

› Raga Bhairavi Tarana in Teentaal: Singing Syllables Instead of Words

› Ustad Zakir Hussain, and Activity 7.1: Playing the Tabla

› Chapter 7 Exercises: Talas, Angas and Scrambled Raga Names, and the Assessment Rubric

• 8 The Music of the People — 11 classes

› Lok Sangeet: The Music of and by the People, and Five Instruments to Name

› A Bihu Geet by Bhupen Hazarika: What a Form Is, and the Spirit of Bohag Bihu

› Activity 8.1: Learning and Presenting a Folk Song of Your Own Region

› Unique Voices, and Activity 8.2: Four Unconventional Singers

› Activity 8.3: A Lullaby from Your Family, and Activity 8.4: Qawwali and Who May Sing It

› Women in Music: Mirabai and the Bhajan 'Payoji Maine', and Activity 8.5 on Lal Ded

› Music and Social Reform: Annamacharya and 'Brahmam Okate'

› Charankavi Mukunda Das and 'Baan Eshechey', and Activity 8.6: Voice for Change

› Instruments and Regions: The Sangeet Ratnakar on Deshi Music, and Activity 8.7

› Activity 8.8: Mapping Eighteen Instruments onto the Map of India

› Activity 8.9: Know Your Musician, and the Chapter 8 Rubric

• 9 Performance — 6 classes

› Plan, Prepare, Perform: Activity 9.1 - Visualising the Performance

› Activity 9.2: Building the Song List, and the Invocation 'Swagatham Shubha Swagatham'

› Activity 9.3: A Folk Song from Another Tradition - the Odia Song of Chaita Paraba

› Part B: Prepare - Activity 9.4, Rehearsal and Feedback

› Activity 9.5: Production, Promotion and Support, and Activity 9.6: The Final Performance

› The Chapter 9 Rubric and the Music Section's Summative Assessment

• 10 Dance and Sculpture — 11 classes

› The Vishnudharmottara Purana: Why Sculpture Cannot Be Understood Without Dance

› How the Dance Course Works: Twelve Pedagogical Principles and Four Curricular Goals

› The Dancing Body in Sculpture: King Vajra, Sage Markandeya and the Chain of Three Arts

› Arms and Angles: Geometrical Shapes in Dance, and the Five Upper-Torso Postures

› Activity 10.1: My Body in Various Shapes, and the Postures of the Lower Torso

› Activity 10.2: Dancing Sculptures - Temples, Angles and Postures to Try

› Asamyuta Hastas: The Twenty-Eight Single-Hand Gestures

› Samyuta Hastas: The Twenty-Four Double-Hand Gestures

› Activity 10.3: Hastas in Sculptures, and the Natyashastra Shloka on the Eight Rasas

› The Nine Emotions in a Garden: From Sringara to Shanta

› Activity 10.4: Matching Emotions with Our Chores, and the Chapter 10 Rubric

• 11 Dance Vocabulary and Techniques — 12 classes

› Nritta, Nritya and Natya: The Abhinaya Darpana's Three Definitions

› Activity 11.1: The Foot Positions of Nritta, and Rhythms of Five, Six and Seven Beats

› Five Beats as Two and Three: The Two Printed Step Combinations

› Six Beats as Three and Three: The Two Printed Step Combinations

› Seven Beats as Three and Four: The Two Printed Step Combinations

› Nritya: The Abhinaya Darpana Shloka on Hand, Eye, Mind, Bhava and Rasa

› Activity 11.2: Ten Samyuta Hastas and What Each One Is Used For

› Activity 11.3: Speaking in Hastas - The Four Printed Phrases

› From Phrases to Full Sentences, and Jumps, Utplavana, Pirouettes and Bhramaris

› Activity 11.4: Four Jumps and Two Pirouettes

› Animal Jumps and Spins, and Where They Live in Yakshagana, Kalbelia, Pung Cholom and Kathak

› Activity 11.5: Six Dance Forms to Watch, Activity 11.6: Storytelling and Mookaabhinaya, and the Rubric

• 12 Dance, You and Creativity — 6 classes

› The Kati: Twisting, Side-to-Side and Back-and-Front Hip Movements

› Circular Hip Movement, and Activity 12.1: Dance with Hip Movements

› Beyond Boundaries: Men in Female Roles, and the Bhagavata Mela Natakam of Melattur

› Ankiya Bhaona of Assam, and Activity 12.2: Character, Costume and Mask

› Transition and Transformation: Rabindra Nritya and the Uday Shankar Style

› Choreography from Stage to Screen, Activity 12.3: My Creative Dance, and the Chapter 12 Rubric

• 13 Personalities — 2 classes

› Shambhu Maharaj: Scion of the Lucknow Gharana of Kathak

› Kedar Nath Sahu of Seraikella Chhau, Activity 13.1, and the Chapter 13 Rubric

• 14 Natya — 7 classes

› Natya: Storytelling Through Performance, and Grandma Begins the Story

› The Story of Krishna and Kaliya, and Why Every Play Begins with a Salutation

› The Salutation: Gajavadana Beduve of Purandara Dasa, Word by Word

› The Benediction, and Activity 14.1: Choosing the Dance Elements

› The Six Sections of the Natya, Music Selection and Choreography

› Costumes and Props, Activity 14.2: Practise and Presentation, and the Chapter 14 Rubric

› Summative Assessment for the Dance Section: The Individual and Group Tasks

• 15 Objects in Icons and Symbols — 12 classes

› The Chitrasutra on Painting: Foremost Among the Arts

› How the Visual Arts Course Works: The Classroom, the Pedagogy and the Competencies

› What an Icon Is, and What This Chapter Will Teach

› Activity 15.1: Positive and Negative Space in Simple Icons

› Create Stencils from Objects: The Six Printed Steps

› Activity 15.2: One Object, Four Ways - Contour, Silhouette, Shading and Icon

› Make a Contour: Observing, Measuring with a Pencil, and Drawing

› Make a Silhouette, and Two Shading Techniques: Cross-Hatching and Stippling

› Shading Step by Step, and Making the Icon of Your Object

› Activity 15.3: Icons for Signages in Your School

› Activity 15.4: Objects as Symbols - the Dharma Chakra and the Round Spectacles

› Matching the Terminology, Peer Assessment, and the Chapter 15 Rubric

• 16 Nature’s Palette — 4 classes

› Nature’s Palette — part 1

› Nature’s Palette — part 2

› Nature’s Palette — part 3

› Nature’s Palette — part 4

• 17 How You Feel — 3 classes

› How You Feel — part 1

› How You Feel — part 2

› How You Feel — part 3

• 18 Textiles and Traditions — 7 classes

› Motifs and Their Meanings: Parrot, Paisley, Peacock, Lines and Dots

› Threading Stories: Dhaaga, Soodi and the Curtain That Spoke

› The Curtain's Patchwork: Embroidery, Crochet, Tassels, Warp and Weft

› Activity 18.1: Making a Fabric Journal

› Activity 18.2: Nine Embroidery Traditions of India

› Activity 18.3: The Basic Stitches, Step by Step

› Activity 18.4: Your Own Textile Artwork, and the Chapter Assessment

• 19 The Art of Calligraphy — 8 classes

› Scripts That Carry a Language: From Brahmi to the Handwritten Constitution

› What Calligraphy Is: Letters, Styles, and the Tools of the Art

› Activity 19.1: Looking at Letters — The Rupee Symbol and the Logos

› Activity 19.2: The Letter Hunt

› Activity 19.3: Similar but Different — The Anatomy of a Letter

› Activity 19.4: Writing Like We Speak

› Activity 19.5: Calligraphy in Posters

› The Chapter Assessment, and the Summative Assessment

• 20 Integration of All Art Forms — Sculptures Come Alive! — 4 classes

› Art as a Language, and Activity 20.1: Stories in Stone — Preparation

› Story Creation: Building a Narrative from the Sculptures

› Bringing the Story Alive: Visual Art, Movement, Dialogue and Music

› Folk Storytelling, Rehearsal, Performance and Reflection

English

5 chapters · 193 classes 100 marks

• 1 LEARNING TOGETHER — 39 classes

› Unit 1 Learning Together: Before We Read The Day the River Spoke

› Let us read I: A Big Bright Tear and a Sleepy Voice by the River

› Let us read II: The River's Advice, the Ships, and the Walk to School

› Let us discuss: The Question-and-Answer Table, and Jahnavi's Promise

› Let us think and reflect I: Extract 1 on the River's Tone, and Extract 2 on 'It's up to you'

› Let us think and reflect II: Seven Questions on the Story, and Why 'River' Takes a Capital Letter

› Let us learn II, III and IV: Nine Sound Words, Words India Gave English, and Four Indian Boats

› Let us learn V and VI: The Water-Transport Crossword, and What a Preposition Does

› Let us learn VI and VII: Preposition or Adverb, and Jahnavi's First Day at School

› Let us learn VII (4-8), and Let us listen I: Five Speakers on School Life

› Let us listen II and Let us speak I and II: Matching the Speakers, and Asking For and Giving Advice

› Let us explore I and II, and Let us write: Observing Nature

› Let us explore III and IV: Reading the Poster on Girls' Education, and Schemes for the Girl Child

› Try Again: Before We Read, Who Inspires You and What the Six Pictures Say

› Let us read: 'Try Again' by Eliza Cook, King Bruce and the Spider's Nine Attempts

› Let us discuss I to V: The Summary Blanks, Narrative Style, Alliteration, Repetition and Rhyme Scheme

› Let us discuss VI: Metaphor and Simile, Marking M or S and Turning One into the Other

› Let us think and reflect I: Extract 1, 'low despair' and the 'silken filmy clue'

› Let us think and reflect: Extract 2 and the Six Questions, and Let us learn I: Opposites

› Let us learn II and III: toil, brace, endeavour and strive, and Sorting Distance Words Far or Near

› Let us learn IV and Let us listen: The Tongue Twister, and the Story of the Ant

› Let us speak: Narrating a Time You Refused to Give Up, in Seven Steps

› Let us write and Let us explore I to III: The Letter to Your Cousin, and Weaving a Spider Web

› Let us explore III: Finishing and Decorating the Spider Web, Figs. 1 to 4

› Three Days to See: Before We Read, A Place You Liked and Your Five Senses

› Let us read I: What Helen Keller's Hands Can Find, and Day One

› Let us read II: Day Two at the Museums and Day Three in the City

› Let us read III and Let us discuss I: 'Use Your Eyes as if Tomorrow You Would Be Stricken Blind'

› Let us discuss II and III, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1: The Three-Day Table and the Window of the Soul

› Let us think and reflect: Extract 2 on the 'thrilling miracle', and the Six Questions on the Text

› Let us learn I and II, and Modal Verbs: Sensory Words, 'should' plus a Main Verb

› Let us learn III and IV: Modals 3 to 5, and Choosing the Right Modal for Seven Situations

› Let us listen and Let us speak: Anuj and His Mother on Braille, and One Minute on a Sense

› Let us write and Let us explore I: A Descriptive Paragraph, and Louis Braille's Code of Raised Dots

› Let us explore I to III: Writing Your Name in Braille, the International Day, and Indian Sign Language

› TRANSCRIPTS, The Day the River Spoke: Speakers (i) to (iv), Father, Grandmother, Teacher and Student

› TRANSCRIPTS: Speaker (v) the Principal, and Try Again, the Ant Who Would Not Give Up, Part 1

› TRANSCRIPTS: The Ant's Chain of Friends, and Three Days to See, Anuj Meets Tara's Braille

› TRANSCRIPTS: Digital India, Screen Readers and the Right Mindset, and the Four True Statements

• 2 WIT AND HUMOUR — 47 classes

› Unit 2 Wit and Humour: Before We Read Animals, Birds, and Dr. Dolittle

› Let us read I: The Cat’s-food-Man’s Suggestion, and Polynesia’s Bird Language

› Talking with Ears, Feet and Tails, and Let us discuss I to III

› Let us read II: The Plough Horse Who Needed Spectacles

› Green Spectacles, and Why the Garden Filled with Animals

› A Door for Every Kind of Animal, Fame Abroad, and Let us discuss I and II

› Let us discuss III: Ten Events to Put in Order, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1

› Extracts 1 and 2: ‘Good Gracious!’, the Analogy, and the Plough Horse’s Complaint

› Let us think and reflect II (3 to 5), and Let us learn I: Three Kinds of Compound Word

› Let us learn II and III: Building Compound Words, and Animals Hidden in Sentences

› Let us learn IV and V: Palindromes, and Underlining the Verbs

› Let us learn VI and Let us listen: Present Perfect Practice, and Dr. Dolittle’s New Clinic

› Let us speak: Four Problems and the Doctor-and-Patient Cue Cards

› Let us write: A Notice about the Annual Health Check-up

› Let us explore I to III: The Goshala, Animal Welfare in Ayurveda, and Stray Animals

› A Funny Man: Before We Read — Things I Find Funny

› Let us read: ‘A Funny Man’ by Natalie Joan

› Let us discuss I to V: True Statements, Word Clues, Tone, Rhyme Scheme and Inversion

› Let us discuss V.2 and VI, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1: ‘Your Highness’ and the Currant Bun

› Extract 2 and the Five Questions, and Let us learn: What a Phrasal Verb Is

› Let us learn I and II: take up, take after, take in, take over, take off

› Framing Your Own Sentences, Ways of Walking in Order of Pace, and Let us listen I

› Let us listen II, Let us speak: The Joke in Three Voices, and the First Limerick

› The Second Limerick, Writing Your Own, and Let us explore I: Tenali Rama, Birbal and Mullah Nasruddin

› Let us explore II and III: Street Performers, Abstract Theatre, and Sukumar Ray’s Abol Tabol

› Let us explore IV: Reading ‘My Lost Pencil’

› Say the Right Thing: Before We Read — Athithi Devo Bhava and Polite Behaviour

› Let us read: The Four Characters, and Scene I Begins

› Scene I: Why Mary Wants to Stay, and Who the Guests Are

› Scene I: Mrs. Shaw’s Rules for the Visit, and the Sentence Mary Rehearses

› Let us discuss I and II: The Speaker, Words and Reason Table

› Scene II: The Children Who Do Not Exist, and the Banker Who Cannot Think

› Scene II: The Blue Dress, Mrs. Cotter in Bed, and the Talkative Woman

› Scene II: Towzer the Dog, Mr. Pomeroy, and the Last Blunder; Let us discuss I: Rectify

› Let us think and reflect Extract 1: What Mrs. Shaw Implies, and Matching Character Traits

› Extract 2 on Mrs. Cotter, and the Six Questions on the Play

› Let us learn I: Suffixes, Root Words and the Eight-Suffix Table

› Suffix Blanks, and the Difference Between Say and Tell

› Six Pairs of Confusable Verbs, and Simple Past against Present Perfect Continuous

› Present Perfect Continuous Practice, and the Four Kinds of Sentence

› Let us listen: Rohan and His Mother on Manners; Let us speak: Intonation and Sentence Stress

› Let us speak I to III: Five Meanings of One Sentence

› Rising Intonation, and Let us write: Turning the Play into a Short Story

› Let us explore I to III: Enacting the Play, Greetings in Many Languages, and Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam

› TRANSCRIPTS: The Clinic Announcement in Woodstock, and the Funny Incident Begins

› TRANSCRIPTS: Shoes in the Kitchen, and the Mother-and-Son Conversation Begins

› TRANSCRIPTS: Polite Words, Apologising, the Inside Voice and Waiting Your Turn

• 3 DREAMS AND DISCOVERIES — 48 classes

› Unit 3 Dreams and Discoveries: Before We Read My Brother's Great Invention

› Let us read I: The Water Bag on Papa's Head, and Who Anand Is

› How the Burglar Alarm Was Meant to Work, and Back to the Future

› Building the Time Machine, Papa's NO, and Let us discuss: the Cause-and-Effect Table

› Completing the Cause-and-Effect Table, and Let us read II: The Night Boppa Came

› Anand Sends the Thief into His Own Room, and the Crash in the Next Room

› The Neighbours Arrive, the Machine Still Humming, and the Green Scarf

› Boppa Vanishes and the Machine Is Dismantled; Let us discuss: Five Events in Order

› Let us think and reflect Extract 1: Anand the Scientist, and Extract 2 Begins

› Extract 2: The Strange Noises and the Atmosphere, and the Character-Traits Table

› III: Six Questions on the Story, and Let us learn I: Onomatopoeia

› Let us learn II: Binomials, and the Six Sentences

› Phrasal Verbs in the Function Paragraph, and III: Five Idioms from the Story

› Simple Past against Past Perfect, and Combining Old and New Actions

› Let us listen: Anita and Toby the Martian; Let us speak: The -ough Words

› Sorting the -ough Sounds, the Farm Story, and the Tongue Twister

› Let us write: A Paragraph on a Vocation; Let us explore: Creativity, Innovation and Invention

› Let us explore: Dr. Janaki Ammal, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and Dr. Narinder Singh Kapany

› Paper Boats: Before We Read, and Five Words from a Paragraph

› Let us read: Paper Boats by Rabindranath Tagore

› Let us discuss I to VI: The Summary Blanks, Theme, Tone, Alliteration and Imagery

› Let us discuss VII: What the Boats, Flowers and Stars Symbolise; the Fairies of Sleep

› Extract (iv) and the Three Questions, and Let us learn I: Making Phrases with 'of'

› Let us learn II and III: Parts of the Day, and Six Opposites

› Let us listen: Sai and Her Father on Origami; Let us speak: Presenting a Craft Item

› Let us explore: Shiuli and Fragrant Flowers; Let us write: A Diary Entry on a Rainy Day

› Let us explore II: Four Riddles about Water

› North, South, East, West: Before We Read, and the Pradesh Table

› Let us read: Who Shaana Is, and the First Postcard from the Thajiwas Glacier

› Postcards from Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh

› Postcards from the Sundarbans and Gujarat

› Postcards from the Narmada River and Goa

› Postcards from Chennai, Puducherry and the Pamban Bridge

› The Postcard from Olaikaadu Beach

› The Last Postcard to Amma and Appa, and Let us discuss: the Places-Visited Table

› Let us think and reflect Extract 1: The Sundarbans, and the Assertion-and-Reason Question

› Extract 2 on the Plateaus and Tunnels, and the Seven Questions

› Let us learn I: Glaciers, Treehouse, Wetlands, Plateaus, Pebbles and Rafting

› Let us learn II and III: Words for Six Situations, and the Travel Word Grid

› Let us learn IV: Subject-Verb Agreement

› The Remaining Rules, the Ten Sentences, and Let us listen: How Agartala Got Its Name

› The Agartala Questions, and Let us speak: Seven Travel Preferences

› Speaking Phrases, and Let us write: A Leave Application to the Principal

› Let us explore I: The Crossword of States and Union Territories

› Let us explore II and III: Rani-ki-Vav, the Kailasa Temple, and the Hornbill Festival

› TRANSCRIPTS: Anita and Toby the Martian

› TRANSCRIPTS: Sai and Her Father on Origami

› TRANSCRIPTS: The Paper Boat to Come, and How Agartala Got Its Name

• 4 TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE — 40 classes

› Unit 4 Travel and Adventure: Before We Read The Tunnel

› The Four Explorer Types, and Let us read I: The Jungle, the Cutting and the Waiting Boy

› The Steam Engine Comes Out of the Tunnel, and Suraj Walks Through

› What Was Inside the Tunnel, the Flash of Orange and Gold, and the Watchman's Duty

› Meeting Sunder Singh: His Tunnel, His Leopard, and His Name

› The Night Mail, the Afternoon Nap, and Let us discuss: the Flow Chart of the Watchman's System

› Completing the Flow Chart, and Let us read II: Tea at Dusk and the Sounds of the Forest

› The Inspection in the Dark, and the Rhythmic Sawing Sound

› Driving the Leopard Out, and the Night Mail Roaring Through

› A Week Later: The Lamp Seen from the Train, and the Firefly

› Let us discuss: Five Questions on Part II, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1

› Extract 1 Concluded, Extract 2 on the Leopard, and the First Long Questions

› Three More Questions on the Story, and Let us learn I and II: Phrases and Sound Words

› Sound Words in Sentences, and III: 'Would' for a Habit in the Past

› The 'Used to' and 'Would' Paragraph, Colons and Semicolons, and the Museum Treasure Hunt

› Marking the Museum Map, and Let us speak: Giving Directions to the Trekking Site

› Let us write: A Descriptive Paragraph on a Train Journey

› Let us explore: The Atal Tunnel and the History of Indian Railways

› Travel: Before We Read, the Word Web and the Adventure Camp

› Let us read: 'Travel' by Edna St. Vincent Millay

› Let us discuss I to VII: Main Ideas, Rhyme Scheme, Tone, Symbol and Repetition

› Let us discuss VIII and IX, and the Extract on the Friends She Makes

› Let us learn I: Five Expressions and What They Indicate

› Seven Words for Crying and Shouting, and Let us listen: The School Trip Announcement

› Rectifying the Announcement, and Let us speak: The Soft and Hard Sounds of 'c'

› Let us write I and II: The Diamante Poem, and Describing a Character You Met

› Finishing the Character Description, and Let us explore: The Mountain Railways of India

› Conquering the Summit: Before We Read, the Icons and the Word Web

› Let us read: Arunima Sinha's Awards, Her Early Life, and the Night of 11 April 2011

› The Training, Bachendri Pal's Words, and the Summit of 21 May 2013

› Mental Fortitude, the Autobiography, and Let us discuss: Five Statements to Explain

› Let us think and reflect: The Extract on Bachendri Pal, and the Four Long Questions

› Let us learn I and II: Five Underlined Phrases, and the Parts-of-Speech Table

› Let us learn III: Articles, the Fifteen Blanks, and Six Sentences to Correct

› Let us listen: Five Speakers on Adventure Sports; Let us speak: Four Roles

› The Prompts and Vocabulary for the Discussion, and Let us write: The Parts of a Formal Letter

› Let us explore: The Adventure Sports Table, and a Booklet on Five Indian Mountaineers

› TRANSCRIPTS: The City Museum Treasure Hunt

› TRANSCRIPTS: The National Science Centre Announcement, and the First Speaker on Adventure Sports

› TRANSCRIPTS: Speakers (i) to (v) on Adventure Sports

• 5 BRAVEHEARTS — 19 classes

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 1

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 2

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 3

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 4

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 5

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 6

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 7

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 8

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 9

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 10

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 11

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 12

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 13

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 14

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 15

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 16

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 17

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 18

› BRAVEHEARTS — part 19

Hindi

10 chapters · 57 classes 100 marks

• 1 माँ, कह एक कहानी — 4 classes

› माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 1

› माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 2

› माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 3

› माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 4

• 2 तीन बुद्धिमान — 6 classes

› तीन बुद्धिमान — part 1

› तीन बुद्धिमान — part 2

› तीन बुद्धिमान — part 3

› तीन बुद्धिमान — part 4

› तीन बुद्धिमान — part 5

› तीन बुद्धिमान — part 6

• 3 फूल और काँटा — 4 classes

› फूल और काँटा — part 1

› फूल और काँटा — part 2

› फूल और काँटा — part 3

› फूल और काँटा — part 4

• 4 पानी रे पानी — 6 classes

› पानी रे पानी — part 1

› पानी रे पानी — part 2

› पानी रे पानी — part 3

› पानी रे पानी — part 4

› पानी रे पानी — part 5

› पानी रे पानी — part 6

• 5 नहीं होना बीमार — 7 classes

› नहीं होना बीमार — part 1

› नहीं होना बीमार — part 2

› नहीं होना बीमार — part 3

› नहीं होना बीमार — part 4

› नहीं होना बीमार — part 5

› नहीं होना बीमार — part 6

› नहीं होना बीमार — part 7

• 6 गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — 4 classes

› गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 1

› गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 2

› गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 3

› गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 4

• 7 वषार्-बहार — 5 classes

› वषार्-बहार — part 1

› वषार्-बहार — part 2

› वषार्-बहार — part 3

› वषार्-बहार — part 4

› वषार्-बहार — part 5

• 8 िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — 8 classes

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 1

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 2

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 3

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 4

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 5

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 6

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 7

› िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 8

• 9 िचिड़या — 4 classes

› िचिड़या — part 1

› िचिड़या — part 2

› िचिड़या — part 3

› िचिड़या — part 4

• 10 मीरा के पद — 9 classes

› मीरा के पद — part 1

› मीरा के पद — part 2

› मीरा के पद — part 3

› मीरा के पद — part 4

› मीरा के पद — part 5

› मीरा के पद — part 6

› मीरा के पद — part 7

› मीरा के पद — part 8

› मीरा के पद — part 9

Mathematics

15 chapters · 317 classes 100 marks

• 1 Large Numbers Around Us — 20 classes

› 1.1 A Lakh Varieties! — Eshwarappa's Seed Market, and the Pattern that Builds One Lakh

› Figure it Out (Page 3) and Getting a Feel of Large Numbers: Statue of Unity, Kunchikal Waterfall and Somu's Building

› Is One Lakh a Very Large Number? — Roxie's Three Reasons and Estu's Three Reasons

› Reading and Writing Numbers: Where the Comma Goes, and Writing 3,00,600 to 70,53,138 in Words

› 1.2 Land of Tens: Thoughtful Thousands and Tedious Tens

› Land of Tens: Handy Hundreds, and Whether It Can Show Numbers the Others Cannot

› Creative Chitti: Many Ways to Make the Same Number, and Figure it Out (Page 6)

› Systematic Sippy: The Fewest Button Clicks, and the Math Talk on Place Value Notation

› 1.3 Of Crores and Crores! — The Indian and the American Systems Side by Side

› Figure it Out (Page 9): Reading 4050678 to 1020304050 in Both Systems, and Comparing with '<', '>' and '='

› 1.4 Exact and Approximate Values: When to Round Up and When to Round Down

› Nearest Neighbours: The Five Neighbours of 6,72,85,183, and Roxie and Estu's Estimates

› Populations of Cities: Reading the 2001 and 2011 Table by Approximation

› 1.5 Patterns in Products: A Multiplication Shortcut, and Figure it Out (Page 14)

› How Long is the Product? — Digit Patterns, and How Many Digits a Product Can Have

› Fascinating Facts about Large Numbers: Uncovering Facts by Multiplying and Dividing

› 1.6 Did You Ever Wonder…? — Could All of Mumbai Fit into One Lakh Buses?

› Figure it Out (Pages 19–20): Questions 1 to 7 — Digit Puzzles and Calculator Clicks

› Figure it Out (Pages 20–21): Questions 8 to 14 — Number Cards, Coins, Albatrosses and Bald Eagles

› Summary, and the Toothpick Digits Activity

• 2 Arithmetic Expressions — 22 classes

› 2.1 Simple Expressions: What an Arithmetic Expression Is, Its Value, and Example 1

› Comparing Expressions, and Figure it Out (Page 2): Filling the Blanks and Ordering by Value

› Examples 2 and 3: Raja and Joy's Marbles, and Comparing Without Calculating (Page 3)

› 2.2 Reading and Evaluating Complex Expressions: Shalini's Comma, and Why Purna Got 140

› Brackets in Expressions: Example 5, and Why 100 − 15 + 56 Gives Irfan More Than He Paid

› Terms in Expressions: Splitting at the '+' Sign, and Subtracting as Adding the Inverse

› Completing the Table of Terms (Page 6), and Marking Every Expression as a Sum of Terms

› Swapping and Grouping: Example 6's Drone, and the Commutative Property of Addition

› Grouping Three Terms: (−7) + 10 + (−11) Added in Any Order, and the Associative Property

› Evaluating 30 + 5 × 4 and 5 × (3 + 2) + 7 × 8 + 3, Manasa's Long List, and Socks Before Shoes

› More Expressions and Their Terms: Example 7's Dosas and Tip, and Example 8's Fire in the Mountain

› Examples 9, 10 and 11: Rice Packets, Paying ₹432, and Which Picture Matches 5 × 2 + 3

› Figure it Out (Pages 11–12): Values by Terms, Stories for Expressions, and Three Situations

› Removing Brackets — I: 200 − (40 + 3), and Examples 12, 13 and 14

› Tinker the Terms I: What Happens to the Value When One Term Changes

› Figure it Out (Pages 14–15): Questions 1 to 9 on Brackets, Terms and Jasoda's Strategy

› Removing Brackets — II: Examples 15 and 16, and the Multiple of a Sum

› Tinker the Terms II: Example 17's 63 × 18 from 53 × 18, and Example 18's 97 × 25 as (100 − 3) × 25

› Figure it Out (Pages 18–19): The Distributive Property in Sixteen Blanks, Comparisons, and Making 14

› Figure it Out (Pages 19–20): Mangoes in Begur, Binu's Savings, the Climbing Snail, and Melvin's Stories

› Figure it Out (Pages 20–21): Different Ways to Evaluate, Comparing Pairs, and Spotting Equal Expressions

› Summary, and the Expression Engineer Challenge

• 3 A Peek Beyond the Point — 28 classes

› 3.1 The Need for Smaller Units: Sonu's Two Screws, and Measuring Them on the Scale

› 3.2 A Tenth Part: The Pencil of 3 4/10 Units, Reading Tenths, and Arranging Lengths in Increasing Order

› Adding Tenths: Sonu's Arm Worked Three Ways, and the Honeybee's Total Length

› Subtracting Tenths: Shylaja's Middle Finger, the Two Fish, and Six Sequences

› 3.3 A Hundredth Part: Folding the Paper, and Splitting Each Tenth into Ten

› Reading Hundredths Three Ways, Filling the Markings, and Finding the Longest and Shortest

› Adding 15 3/10 4/100 and 2 6/10 8/100 by Four Methods, Set Beside 483 + 268

› Subtracting with Regrouping, Set Beside 653 − 268, and Figure it Out (Page 13)

› 3.4 Decimal Place Value: Why We Always Split into Ten, and the Ladder of Place Values

› The Decimal System Named, and the 'How Big?' Math Talk

› Notation, Writing and Reading: Why 705, 70.5 and 7.05 Need a Decimal Point

› Reading Decimals Aloud, and the Place Value Table for Eight Quantities

› 23 Hundreds, 23 Tens, and Writing 234 Tenths in Decimal Form

› 3.5 Units of Measurement: Millimetres to Centimetres, and How Small Things Are

› Centimetres to Metres, and More Small Creatures

› Weight Conversion: Grams and Kilograms, and the 11.111 kg of Rice

› Rupee and Paise Conversion, and Prices in the 1970s

› 3.6 Locating and Comparing Decimals: Putting 1.4 on the Number Line

› There is Zero Dilemma! — Whether 0.2, 0.20 and 0.200 Are the Same

› Magnifying the Number Line to Reach 4.185, and the Boxes a, b and c

› Comparing 6.456 with 6.465 Digit by Digit

› Closest Decimals, and Making a Number Close to 25 from 4, 1, 8, 2 and 5

› 3.7 Addition and Subtraction of Decimals: Priya's Cloth, and 75.345 + 86.691

› Figure it Out (Page 30): Eight Sums and Eight Differences

› Decimal Sequences, and Sonu's Claim About Estimating Sums and Differences

› 3.8 More on the Decimal System: Disasters, Deceptive Notation, and a Pinch of History

› Figure it Out (Pages 33–34): Questions 1 to 8 — Fractions to Decimals, Number Lines and Word Problems

› Figure it Out (Pages 34–35): Questions 9 to 16, and the Summary

• 4 Expressions using Letter-Numbers — 25 classes

› 4.1 The Notion of Letter-Numbers: Example 1 — Shabnam, Aftab and Fig. 4.1

› Example 2's Matchstick Ls (Fig. 4.2), and Example 3's Coconuts and Jaggery

› Example 4: Perimeter as a Formula, and Figure it Out (Page 4) Questions 1 to 3

› Figure it Out (Pages 4–5): Questions 4 to 7 — Flour Mill, Word Phrases and the Calendar Grid

› 4.2 Revisiting Arithmetic Expressions: Seven Expressions to Evaluate

› 4.3 Omission of the Multiplication Symbol: Why 4 × n Becomes 4n

› Mind the Mistake, Mend the Mistake (Page 7): Nine Substitutions to Check

› 4.4 Simplification: The Perimeter of a Rectangle, from l + b + l + b to 2l + 2b

› Example 5: Pencils and Erasers, and Why 5c + 3c + 10c Becomes 18c

› Example 6 and the Split Rectangles: Like Terms and Unlike Terms

› Example 7: Renting Chairs and Tables, and Opening a Bracket with a Minus

› Example 8: Charu's Quiz Scores, and Comparing Them with Krishita's

› Examples 9 and 10: Simplifying 4(x + y) − y, and Whether 5u Equals 5 + u

› Example 11 and Figure it Out (Pages 13–14): Adding the Numbers in a Picture Several Ways

› Figure it Out (Page 14): Question 2 — Simplifying Expressions in p and q, and in d and c

› Mind the Mistake, Mend the Mistake (Pages 14–15): Eleven Simplifications to Correct

› 4.5 Pick Patterns and Reveal Relationships: The Formula Detective Machines

› Example 12: Somjit's Saree Border, and Which Design Sits at Position 122

› Patterns in a Calendar: Why Both Diagonal Sums of a 2 × 2 Square Are 2a + 8

› The Plus-Shape Sum, and Showing It Is Always 5 Times the Centre

› Matchstick Patterns: From 3 + 2 × (y − 1) to 2y + 1

› Figure it Out (Pages 22–23): Questions 1 to 6 — Rotis, Flags, the Snail and the Local Train

› Figure it Out (Page 23): Questions 7 to 10 — Simplifying, Adding and Subtracting Expressions

› Figure it Out (Pages 23–24): Questions 11 to 14 — Rope, Matchsticks, Traffic Signal and Squares

› Figure it Out (Page 25): Question 15's Four-Column Grid, and the Summary

• 5 Parallel and Intersecting Lines — 19 classes

› 5.1 Across the Line: Folding Paper (Fig. 5.1), and the Four Angles at an Intersection (Fig. 5.2)

› Activity 1, and the Proof that Vertically Opposite Angles Are Always Equal

› Figure it Out (Page 3): The Linear Pairs and Vertically Opposite Angles of Fig. 5.3, and Measurements and Geometry

› 5.2 Perpendicular Lines (Fig. 5.4), and 5.3 Between Lines: Describing Fig. 5.5

› Parallel Lines Defined, and Which Pairs Are Parallel in Fig. 5.6

› 5.4 Activity 2: Folding a Square Sheet, and the Pattern of Parallel Lines (Fig. 5.7)

› The Second Folding Activity (Fig. 5.8), and the Notations for Parallel and Perpendicular (Fig. 5.9)

› Figure it Out (Pages 8–9): Drawing Perpendiculars and Parallels on Dot Paper (Figs. 5.10 to 5.13)

› 5.5 Transversals: The Eight Angles of Fig. 5.14, and Why Only Four Are Distinct

› 5.6 Corresponding Angles, and Activity 3: Building a Pair of Parallel Lines (Figs. 5.15 to 5.18)

› Activities 4 and 5: Tracing Corresponding Angles (Fig. 5.19), and Why Non-Parallel Lines Never Match (Fig. 5.20)

› 5.7 Drawing Parallel Lines with a Set Square (Figs. 5.21 and 5.22), and the Line Through A (Fig. 5.23)

› Making Parallel Lines through Paper Folding (Fig. 5.24), and Why l and m Must Be Parallel

› 5.8 Alternate Angles (Fig. 5.25), and Activity 6: Proving Alternate Angles Equal

› Examples 1 and 2: All Eight Angles from One (Fig. 5.26), and Testing Whether Lines Are Parallel (Fig. 5.27)

› Examples 3 and 4: Interior Angles on the Same Side (Fig. 5.28), and the Figure ABCD (Fig. 5.29)

› Figure it Out (Pages 18–19): Finding the Marked Angles in Figs. 5.30, 5.31 and 5.32

› Figure it Out (Pages 19–20): Questions 4, 5 and 6 — Figs. 5.33, 5.34 and 5.35

› 5.9 Parallel Illusions, and the Summary

• 6 Number Play — 20 classes

› 6.1 Numbers Tell us Things: The Rule Behind the Numbers the Children Call Out

› Figure it Out (Page 2): Building Height Arrangements, and Six Statements to Judge

› 6.2 Picking Parity: Kishor's Puzzle, and Why Adding Even Numbers Gives an Even Number

› Odd Numbers Cannot Be Paired, and Why Kishor's Five Cards Can Never Make 30

› Martin and Maria's Ages, and the Word Parity

› Figure it Out (Page 5): Parities of Sums, Lakpa's Coins, and the Parity of Differences

› Small Squares in Grids: The Parity of a Product Without Multiplying

› Parity of Expressions: 3n + 4, and Expressions That Are Always Even or Always Odd

› The nth Even Number and the nth Odd Number: 2n and 2n − 1

› 6.3 Some Explorations in Grids: Row and Column Sums, and Why They Total 45

› The Magic Square Defined, and Observation 1: the Magic Sum Must Be 15

› Observations 2 and 3: Why 5 Sits at the Centre, and Why 1 and 9 Never Sit in a Corner

› Figure it Out (Page 10): How Many Magic Squares, and What Happens When Every Number Changes

› Generalising a 3 × 3 Magic Square with the Centre Number m, and Figure it Out (Page 11)

› The Chautīsā Yantra at Khajuraho, and Magic Squares in History and Culture

› 6.4 The Virahāṅka–Fibonacci Numbers: Counting Rhythms of Short and Long Syllables

› Virahāṅka's Method, the Scholars Who Followed Him, and the Sequence in Nature

› 6.5 Digits in Disguise: Solving Cryptarithms

› Figure it Out (Pages 17–18): Questions 1 to 6 — Dorjee's Bulb, Liswini's Pages and the Parity Grid

› Figure it Out (Page 18): Questions 7 to 11, and the Summary

• 7 A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — 13 classes

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 1

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 2

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 3

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 4

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 5

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 6

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 7

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 8

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 9

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 10

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 11

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 12

› A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 13

• 8 Working with Fractions — 13 classes

› Working with Fractions — part 1

› Working with Fractions — part 2

› Working with Fractions — part 3

› Working with Fractions — part 4

› Working with Fractions — part 5

› Working with Fractions — part 6

› Working with Fractions — part 7

› Working with Fractions — part 8

› Working with Fractions — part 9

› Working with Fractions — part 10

› Working with Fractions — part 11

› Working with Fractions — part 12

› Working with Fractions — part 13

• 1 Geometric Twins — 14 classes

› 1.1 Geometric Twins: Copying the Signboard Symbol, and What Congruent Means

› Figure it Out: Checking Congruence of Circles, Rectangles and Matching Pairs (Questions 1 to 4)

› 1.2 Congruence of Triangles: Measuring the Sidelengths and the SSS Condition

› Conventions to Express Congruence: the Correspondence of Vertices, and the Rectangle of Fig. 1.1

› Figure it Out: Naming Congruences and Proving Them, Questions 1 to 4

› Measuring the Angles, and Two Sides with the Included Angle: Why AAA Fails and SAS Works

› Measuring Two Sides and a Non-included Angle: Constructing Triangles PQR and PQS, and Why SSA Fails

› Two Angles and the Included Side: the ASA Condition, and the Midpoint Figure with O

› Figure it Out: Congruence from SAS, ASA and Parallel Lines, Questions 1 to 4

› Measuring Two Angles and a Non-Included Side: Fig. 1.2 and the AAS Condition

› Measuring Two Sides in a Right Triangle: the RHS Condition, and the Five Sufficient Conditions

› 1.3 Angles of Isosceles and Equilateral Triangles: Why Equal Sides Give Equal Angles

› Congruent Triangles in Real Life, and Figure it Out: Questions 1 to 6

› Summary of Geometric Twins, and the Expression Engineer! Puzzle

• 2 Operations with Integers — 22 classes

› 2.1 A Quick Recap of Integers - Rakesh's Puzzle: Two Numbers from Their Sum and Difference

› Figure it Out: Six More Sum-and-Difference Pairs, and the Partner Game

› Carrom Coin Integers: Strikes Right and Left, the Number Line Model and P = a + b

› Magnitude and Direction, and Try This: Reading a, b and P from the Arrow Diagrams

› The Token Model Recalled: Zero Pairs, (+7) minus (+18), and the Math Talk on Additive Inverses

› 2.2 Multiplication of Integers with Tokens: Putting In, and Taking Out of an Empty Bag

› Figure it Out: Token Products, the 123 x 456 Shortcut, and Framing the Rule

› Patterns in Integer Multiplication: Stepping the Multiplier Down Past Zero

› Figure it Out: Six Products, and the Rules 1 x a = a and (minus 1) x a = minus a

› Swapping the Multiplier and the Multiplicand: Integer Multiplication is Commutative

› Brahmagupta's Rules of Fortune and Debt, and Example 1: Mala's Exam Marks

› Example 2: The Mining Shaft Elevator, Worked by Method 1 and Method 2

› A Magic Grid of Integers: Playing the Try This Game and Finding Why the Product Never Changes

› Division of Integers: Turning a Division into a Missing Multiplier, and the Three Rules

› Figure it Out: The Freezing Room, the Cement Company, and the Missing Integers

› Expressions Using Integers: Integer Multiplication is Associative, and the Order Never Matters

› Multiplying minus 1 Many Times, and the Distributive Property Shown with a Rectangle of Tokens

› Pick the Pattern: Finding the Operations Done by Machine 1 and Machine 2

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Expressions, Quotients, Multiplying by minus 1 and the Modified Collatz Rule

› Figure it Out Questions 6 to 10: Marks in a Test, a Machine, Falling Temperature, Consecutive Numbers and the Pibs Currency

› Figure it Out Questions 11 to 16: Mixed Operations, Increasing Order, Shortcuts and Open-Ended Fill-ins

› Summary of Operations with Integers, the Multiplication Grid, and the Game of Terhuchu

• 3 Finding Common Ground — 20 classes

› 3.1 The Greatest of All: Sameeksha's Floor Tiles and the Largest Square That Fits

› Lekhana's Rice Bags, the Meaning of HCF and GCD, and Try This: the Jump Jackpot Game

› Primes and Prime Factorisation, and the Division Method

› Factors of a Number from its Prime Factorisation: 840 and 225

› Figure it Out: Listing All the Factors, and Why Anshu's Conjecture is False

› Finding the HCF Using Prime Factorisation: Examples 1, 2 and 3

› Figure it Out: Common Factors and the HCF of Five Pairs

› Finding the HCF Directly: Examples 4 and 5, and Figure it Out Questions 1 and 2

› 3.2 Least, but not Last! Anshu and Guna's Torans, Kabamai's Gajak, and the Meaning of LCM

› Try This: the Idli-Vada Game, and Why Every Multiple Carries the Number's Prime Factors

› Building the LCM from Prime Factors: Examples 6 and 7, and Figure it Out

› 3.3 Patterns, Properties, and a Pretty Procedure: When the HCF is One of the Numbers

› Figure it Out: General Statements about HCF and LCM for Consecutive, Even and Co-prime Numbers

› Math Talk: Doubling Both Numbers, and the HCF of Two Multiples of 14

› Efficient Procedures: One Ladder that Gives the HCF and the LCM Together

› Guna's and Anshu's Shortcuts: Dividing by a Big Common Factor in One Step

› The Property Linking HCF and LCM: Product of the Two Numbers = HCF times LCM

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 6: Blue Stars, Multiples and Factors, the Cowherd's Cows and Packing Cubes

› Figure it Out Questions 7 to 13: Fire in the Mountain, the Dog and the Rabbit, and Mahaviracharya's Sum

› Summary of Finding Common Ground, and the Mystery Colours Page

• 4 Another Peek Beyond the Point — 26 classes

› 4.1 A Quick Recap of Decimals: Jonali and Pallabi's Game, and the Spice Weights

› Math Talk: Fractions as Sums of Tenths and Hundredths, and a Rule for Dividing by 10, 100 and 1000

› 4.2 Decimal Multiplication: Example 1, the Five Pens, and Example 2, the Car and the Petrol

› Example 3, Ajay's Walk to School, and Example 4, the Area of the Rectangle

› Counting the Decimal Places: the Rule for Multiplying Two Decimals, and Example 5

› Is the Product Always Greater than the Numbers Multiplied? The Three Situations

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Products in Tenths and Hundredths, Cloth, Notebooks and Coins

› Figure it Out Questions 6 to 10: Oranges, Profit, the 18 x 12 Family, and Multiplying by 10, 100 and 1000

› 4.3 Decimal Division: Example 6, Anuja's Ribbon, and the Rule for Dividing by 10, 100 and 1000

› Example 7: Sharing 29 Metres of Ribbon between Two Friends and between Four

› Division Using Place Value: Example 8, 1324 divided by 4, Regrouped Step by Step

› Division with a Decimal Quotient: 1325 divided by 4, Regrouping Ones into Tenths

› Example 9: 237 divided by 8, Carried Down to Thousandths

› Division with a Decimal Dividend: Example 10, the Sugar Bags, and Example 11

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 4: Equivalent Fractions, Long Division and the Moving Decimal Point

› Division with a Decimal Divisor: Example 12, Ravi's Average Speed, and Example 13

› Does This Ever End? 10 divided by 3, and the Repeating Chain in 1 divided by 7

› A Magic Number, 142857, and the Relationship between Dividend, Divisor and Quotient

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5, and the Math Talk on Powers of 2 and Powers of 5

› Figure it Out Questions 6 to 10: the Wooden Block, the Polygon, the Juice and the Flour

› 4.4 Look Before You Leap! The Earth's 365.2422 Days and the First Adjustment

› Making Another Adjustment: No Extra Day in the Hundredth Year

› Making Yet Another Adjustment: Every 400th Year, and the Try This on 10,000 Years

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Chikki and Chips, the Number Line, Bananas, the Bookshelf and Unit Conversions

› Figure it Out Questions 6 to 11: Sridharacharya's Problem, the 756 divided by 36 Family, and Sorting Expressions

› Summary of Another Peek Beyond the Point, and the Hidato Puzzles

• 5 Connecting the Dots — 27 classes

› 5.1 Of Questions and Statements: Statistical Statements and Statistical Questions

› 5.2 Representative Values: Shubman and Yashasvi, and the Meaning of Average

› Average as Fair-Share: Guavas, Hibiscus Flowers, and the Ancient Indian Names for the Mean

› Figure it Out: Bouncing a Ball, Flowering Plants, Running Times and School Enrolment

› Know Your Onions! Five Ways of Comparing Two Tables of Prices

› The Dot Plot: What It Shows, and What It Loses

› What Data Makes You Wonder, and Averages Around Us

› Outliers and Medians: the Heights of Yaangba's and Poovizhi's Families

› Are You a Bookworm? Mean, Median, and an Outlier at the High End

› Are We on the Same Page? Newspaper Pages, and Measures of Central Tendency

› Of Ends and the Essence: How Tall is Your Class, and How Long is a Minute

› Zero Median Runs, Zero versus No Value, and Sita's Mango Tree

› A Mean Foot, and Figure it Out Questions 1 to 3

› Figure it Out Questions 4 to 7: Water Usage, Newborn Weights, Another Section, Sumo and Ballet

› 5.3 Visualising Data: Clubbing the Columns into a Double Column Graph

› Take Off! Reading the Rocket Launch Graph in Two Steps

› Justifying Statements from the Rocket Graph, and Estimating the 2023 Total

› Summer and Winter at the Same Time: Daylight Hours in Helsinki and Wellington

› All it Takes is a Minute: Reading a Cricket Match from a Runs-per-Over Graph

› Figure it Out Question 1: Reading the Animal Speed Infographic

› Figure it Out Questions 2 to 4: Superpowers, Jodhpur Temperatures and Electric Vehicles

› 5.4 Data Detective: Telling Tall Tales across Two Schools

› The Height Table from 1989 to 2019, and Six Statements to Justify

› Growth Spurts, Estimates for 2029, and Heights around the World

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 4: Pockets, Points per Game, Quiz Marks and Favourite Sports

› Figure it Out Questions 5 to 9: Splitting a Class, Two Sections, Skyscrapers and Estimating Lengths

› Figure it Out Questions 10 to 13, the Summary, and the Connect the Dots Number Lock

• 6 Constructions and Tilings — 23 classes

› 6.1 Geometric Constructions: The Eyes Design and the Supporting Line XY

› Bisection and the Perpendicular Bisector: Proving AB Bisects XY at Right Angles

› Eyes of Different Shapes, and Why Every Equidistant Point Lies on the Bisector

› Construction of the Perpendicular Bisector with Ruler and Compass

› Figure it Out: Changing the Radii, the Same Side, and a Design to Recreate

› Construction of a 90 Degree Angle at a Given Point on a Line

› Construction Methods in the Sulba-Sutras: the Perpendicular Bisector with a Rope

› Angle Bisection for a Design: Fig. 6.5, the 45 Degree Angle, and the General Method

› Figure it Out: Bisectors, the Eight-Petalled Figure, 65.5 Degrees, and a Rope Bisector

› Repeating Units and Repeating Angles: Fig. 6.6 and the Need to Copy an Angle

› Steps of Construction to Copy an Angle, and Figure it Out

› Construction of a Line Parallel to a Given Line, and Figure it Out

› Arch Designs: Constructing the Trefoil Arch from its Support Lines

› A Pointed Arch: Wavy Wave Support Lines, Fig. 6.11, and Figure it Out

› Regular Hexagons from Six Equilateral Triangles, and the 360 Degree Gap Argument

› Construction of a 60 Degree Angle, and a Regular Hexagon of Side 5 cm

› Related Constructions: 30 and 15 Degree Angles, and the 6-Pointed Star

› Figure it Out: The Inflexed Arc, the Optical Illusion, and a Perpendicular from an Outside Point

› 6.2 Tiling: Tangrams, the Seven Pieces, and the Figures to Rearrange

› Tiling a Grid with 2 x 1 Tiles: the 4 x 6, 4 x 7 and 5 x 7 Grids

› Removing a Square, Fig. 6.13, and the Black-and-White Colouring Argument

› Figure it Out: Two Tiling Questions to Decide

› Tiling the Entire Plane: Squares, Triangles, Hexagons, Escher, Bees, and the Summary

• 7 Finding the Unknown — 25 classes

› 7.1 Find the Unknowns: Unknown Weights on the Balance, Figs. 7.1 to 7.8

› The Sacks: Figs. 7.9 to 7.12, and Removing Equal Weights from Both Plates

› The Matchstick Pattern, 2n + 1 = 99, and What an Equation Is

› Framing Equations for the Weighing Scale Figures

› 7.2 Solving Equations Systematically: Trial and Error, and Doing the Same to Both Sides

› Inverse Operations: Examples 1 to 4 on Removing a Term or a Factor

› Solving 5x minus 4 = 7, Checking the Answer, and Examples 5 and 6

› Figure it Out: Five Equations to Solve, and an Equation with No Solution

› A Shorter Way of Writing the Steps, and the Three Observations

› Solving Problems: Example 7, Ranjana's Square Tiles and the Expression 3k + 1

› Example 8: Madhubanti's Party, Solved Three Different Ways

› Example 9: Jahnavi and Sunita's Savings, and Equations with the Unknown on Both Sides

› Example 10: Three Ways to Solve 28(x + 4) + 300 = 1000

› Example 11: Riyaz's Maths Trick, Modelled with an Unknown

› Example 12: Ramesh and Suresh's Marbles, Two Unknowns Reduced to One

› Generating Equations: Chains of Equations, and Example 13

› Figure it Out: Writing Equations, Finding Unknowns, the 3-Digit Number, the Brick and the Giraffe's Cousin

› 7.3 Mind the Mistake, Mend the Mistake: Nine Solutions to Check

› 7.4 A Pinch of History: Bijaganita, Brahmagupta, Al-Khwarizmi and the Word Algebra

› Example 16: Bhaskaracharya's Horses, and Brahmagupta's Formula for Ax + B = Cx + D

› Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Filling Blanks, Ranju's Notes, the Hidden Dots and the Machines

› Figure it Out Questions 6 to 12: the Taxi, the Window Grill, the Milkshakes and the Triangles

› Figure it Out Questions 13 to 18: the Bakhshali Manuscript, the Giraffe, the Stick Sequences and Eight Equations

› Figure it Out Questions 19 and 20: The Equation Maze, and the Children and Donkeys

› Summary of Finding the Unknown, the Magic Trick, and the Tangram Sheet

Physical Education and Well Being

6 chapters · 188 classes 100 marks

• 1 Foundational Basis of Physical Education and Well-being — 14 classes

› IPE-1 The Ball Progression Game: Marking the 20 by 10 Court and Passing Along the Markers

› IPE-1 Circle Time - Feel the Muscle: Naming the Muscles That Tighten When You Throw

› IPE-2 Ghorpadiche Shepoot: Forming the Ghorpad and Chasing Head to Tail

› IPE-2 Circle Time - Working Together: The Centipede's Legs and Tanaji Malusare's Ghorpad

› IPE-3 Nalugu Rallu Ata: Drawing the Court, the Four Stones and the Denner

› IPE-3 Gumpu or Chuttu, and Circle Time - Growing Mentally Strong

› IPE-4 Gidhada Gudkavan: The Hawk, the Mother Hen and the Chain of Chickens

› IPE-4 How the Chase Ends, and Circle Time - Working for Each Other

› IPE-5 Stand Up, Speak Out: Kho-Kho with Four Secret Roles

› IPE-5 Circle Time - Treating Each Other Well: The Book's Four Questions on Bullying

› IPE-6 Harassment Prevention Skit: Building the Scenarios and Acting Them Out

› IPE-6 The Law and the Teacher's Safety Rules: Good Touch, Bad Touch and Where to Report

› Self-Assessment: Safety on the Ground, Caring Attitude and Understanding Bullying

› Self-Assessment: Understanding Harassment and Emotion Control

• 2 Physical Motor Fitness — 24 classes

› MF-1 Set It Up, Knock It Down: Marking the Area and Flipping the Markers

› MF-1 Two Minutes, Counting the Flips, and Circle Time - Personal Goal

› MF-2 Dhaan Ki Bori: The Carrier, the Rider and the Race Back

› MF-2 Circle Time - Your Own Body Weight as Resistance: Working Against Gravity

› MF-3 Caterpillar Race: Sitting in Line and Holding the Ankles Behind You

› MF-3 Pushing and Pulling Together, and Circle Time - Working with Others

› MF-4 Count and Connect Game: Moving on Command and Forming the Called Number

› MF-4 Circle Time - Types of Resistance: Naming the Force You Move Against

› MF-5 Skipping Race: The Relay Over 20 to 40 Metres

› MF-5 Circle Time - Good Technique and Form: Why the Easiest Skipper Is the Fastest

› MF-6 Atya-patya: The Nine Lanes, the Runners and the Defenders

› MF-6 Being Tagged, Switching Roles and the Four Innings of Seven Minutes

› MF-6 Circle Time - Prerequisite Skills That Decide the Game

› MF-7 Food for Health: Macronutrients Chasing Their Sources

› The Five Food Groups: How Much Grain, Vegetables, Fruit, Milk and Protein Every Day

› MF-7 Food Antakshari and Circle Time - Make Your Own Plate

› MF-8 Dapo Nyarka Sunam: Bamboo Wrestling and the Push Out of the Circle

› MF-8 Circle Time - Feeling the Different Muscles, and the 630 Muscles of the Body

› MF-9 Madhu and Manu: The Masked Call and the Race to the Goal Line

› MF-9 Four Variations of the Call, and Circle Time - Agility

› MF-10 Skipping Song: A Step and a Hop, and the Uneven Rhythm of a Skip

› MF-10 Circle Time - Cardiovascular Endurance: Why You Could Keep Going When Tired

› Assessment: Baseline and Goal for Agility, Cardiovascular Endurance and Strength

› Assessment: Plank, Sit-and-Reach, the 50-Metre Sprint and Reflection and Progress

• 3 Fundamental Skills of Badminton — 28 classes

› FSA-1 The Forehand Grip: Holding the Racket Like a Handshake

› FSA-1 The Air Toss Drill: Five Taps and Back to Your Partner

› FSA-2 The Backhand Grip: The Thumb Against the Back of the Handle

› FSA-2 Backhand Air Toss, and Circle Time - Comparing the Two Grips

› FSA-3 Footwork Skills: The Chasse Step and How It Moves You Round the Court

› FSA-3 The Six-Bucket Drill, and Circle Time - Reaction Time Through Footwork

› FSA-4 The Backhand Low Serve: The Service Court, the Net and the Gentle Push

› FSA-4 Landing the Serve in the Arch, and Circle Time - The Service Rules

› FSA-5 The Backhand Lift: Turning a Low Shuttlecock into a Deep One

› FSA-5 The Feeder and Lifter Drill, and Circle Time - Identify the Mistakes

› FSA-6 The Forehand Lift: Lifting High and Far to Buy Time

› FSA-6 Forehand Lift Practice, and Circle Time - The Right Technique

› FSA-7 The Forehand High Serve: Sending the Shuttlecock High and Deep

› FSA-7 The Serve Over the Raised Racket, and Circle Time - The Flight of the Shuttlecock

› FSA-8 The Forehand Low Serve: Weight on the Rear Leg, Then Forward

› FSA-8 Serving Into the Bucket, and Circle Time - Placing the Service Accurately

› FSA-9 The Forehand Drive: A Flat Attacking Shot Over the Net

› FSA-9 Driving Flat and Straight, and Circle Time - How Fast and Which Way

› FSA-10 The Backhand Drive: Turning the Non-Racket Shoulder to the Shuttle

› FSA-10 Hitting at the Highest Point, and Circle Time - Keeping the Shuttlecock Parallel to the Ground

› FSA-11 The Forehand Clear: Five Numbered Steps to the Back of the Court

› FSA-11 The Two-Corner Clear Drill, and Circle Time - Predicting the Shuttlecock's Path

› FSA-12 The Forehand Drop: The Gentle Shot That Lands Near the Net

› FSA-12 Ten Drops From a High Serve, and Circle Time - Taking Force Off the Shuttlecock

› FSA-13 The Badminton Match: Rally Scoring to Five Points

› Complete the Task: Marking the Badminton Court and Finding Its Rules

› Teacher-Assessment: The Five Levels of Serving and Lifting

› Teacher-Assessment: The Drive Scale and the Understanding-Distress Scale

• 4 Fundamental Skills of Football — 29 classes

› FSB-1 Kicking with the Inside of the Foot: The Approach and the Locked Ankle

› FSB-1 Locking the Ankle, the Follow Through, and the Instep Rally

› FSB-2 Receiving the Ball: Facing the Pass and Widening the Body

› FSB-2 Cushioning the Ball, and the Five-Metre Receiving Rally

› FSB-3 Passing the Rolling Ball: The Approach and Looking Up

› FSB-3 Striking a Moving Ball: The Right Foot, the Right Moment, the Right Angle

› FSB-3 Drill Under Pressure, the Follow Through, and Circle Time on Behaviour and Safety

› FSB-4 Step Trapping: Getting Behind the Line of the Incoming Ball

› FSB-4 Trapping a Low Bounce, the 30-Inch Box Drill, and Circle Time - Personal Goal

› FSB-5 Dribble: A Low Centre of Gravity and Short, Gentle Touches

› FSB-5 Using Both Feet, the Follow Through, and Planning the Next Action

› FSB-5 The Cone Dribbling Drill, and Circle Time - How to Move Quickly

› FSB-6 Feinting: Selling a Movement You Do Not Intend to Make

› FSB-6 Pushing Off the Planted Foot, the Mirror Drill, and Circle Time on Reading an Opponent

› FSB-7 Kicking the Ball for Accuracy: The Three Circles and the Marker

› FSB-7 Circle Time - What Made the Kick Accurate: Instep, Balance, Focus and Footwork

› FSB-8 Passing the Ball in the Air: Aligning With the Flight and Striking the Lower Half

› FSB-8 Instep or Inside, the Follow Through, and the Stump Drill

› FSB-9 Pass and Move Relay Drill: The Short Pass and the Return

› FSB-10 Interception: Reading the Pass Before It Is Made

› FSB-10 The Passing Circle Drill, and Person-to-Person Marking

› FSB-11 Front Block Tackling: Winning the Ball Without Fouling

› FSB-11 Balance in the Tackle, the Foot-on-Ball Drill, and Circle Time on Preventing Injury

› FSB-12 Goal Keeping: The W Position and the Basket

› FSB-12 Absorbing the Shot, Securing the Ball, and the Zigzag Catching Drill

› FSB-13 The 5-a-side Match: Thirty by Forty Yards and Five Minutes a Game

› FSB-13 Circle Time on the Goal Scorer, and the Task of Marking the Football Ground

› Teacher-Assessment: Passing and Receiving While Looking at the Partner, and Dribbling

› Teacher-Assessment: Goalkeeping and Understanding Self-Distress

• 5 Fundamental Skills of Kabaddi — 27 classes

› KB-1 Raiding Footwork: The Stance a Raider Starts From

› KB-1 Execution and Follow Through: Moving With Purpose and Turning for the Midline

› KB-1 Three Types of Raid, the Block Shuttle Drill and Circle Time on Anticipation

› KB-2 Hand Touch: The Stance and the Free Executing Hand

› KB-2 The Four Hand Variations, the Chest-Number Drill and Circle Time on Reaction Time

› KB-3 Toe Touch: Five Types and the Crouching Approach

› The Baulk Line: The Line a Raid Must Cross to Count

› KB-3 Executing the Toe Touch, the Four Shapes Drill and Circle Time on Eye-Foot Coordination

› KB-4 The Kick: Stance and the Straight-Leg Execution

› KB-4 Follow Through, the Three Kick Variations and the Extended-Arm Relay

› Defensive Positions: Corners, Centre, Ins and Covers

› KB-5 Ankle-hold: Body Position and Reading the Raider's Foot

› KB-5 Executing the Ankle-hold, Lifting the Raider, and the Defended Shapes Drill

› KB-6 Thigh-hold: The Optimum Diagonal Stance

› KB-6 The Approach: Shoulders in Line With the Raider's Hip Joint

› KB-6 The Elbow Grip, the Follow Through and the Lifting Relay

› KB-7 Knee-hold: The Second Supporter's Tactic and Its Stance

› KB-7 Approach, the Three Grips and the Pull to the End Line

› KB-7 The Restricted Game: Hand Touch Against Knee-hold Only

› KB-8 Wrist-hold: Two Types and the Cupped Palm Approach

› KB-8 Taking the Grip, the Pulling Drill and Circle Time on Matching Defence to Attack

› KB-9 Waist-hold: Covering the Raider's Outer Shoulder From Behind

› KB-9 The Grip, Four Follow-Through Choices and the Train Game

› KB-10 Chain-hold: Forming the Chain, the Approach and the Wide Stance

› KB-10 The Two Follow-Through Methods, the Elbow-Lock Contest and Safety in the Chain

› Complete the Task: Marking the Kabaddi Court and Finding Its Rules

› Teacher-Assessment: Touch, the Leg Holds, the Upper-Body Holds and Self-Distress

• 6 Yoga — 66 classes

› About Yoga: The Root 'Yuj', and the Four Ways Yoga Makes Us Grow

› Beginning and Ending a Yoga Session: Sukhasana, Chin Mudra and the Chant of Om

› The Opening and Closing Prayers, and What They Mean

› Yoga for Daily Life: 'Yoga is Skill in Action' and Sri Aurobindo's Tree

› Pancha Kosha: The Five Layers, and Annamaya Kosha the Physical Sheath

› Pranamaya, Manomaya and Vijnanamaya Koshas: Energy, Mind and Wisdom

› Anandamaya Kosha, and the Eight Limbs of Ashtanga Yoga

› Activity: My Daily Yoga Plan to Strengthen the Panchakosha, and Yama

› The Five Yamas, the Five Niyamas and Ishwara Pranidhana

› A Journey of Oneness: Guru Nanak, and the Activity on Rituals

› Yoga Sadhana: The Four General Guidelines for Practising Yoga

› The Nine Asana Guidelines: What to Do Before, During and After

› Pranayama Guidelines, and What Sukshma Vyayama Is

› The Five Sukshma Vyayama Practices Named for This Grade

› Practice 1: Anguli Shakti Vikasaka, Step by Step

› Shithalikarana Vyayama: The Four Loosening Practices of This Grade

› Shithalikarana Practice 1: Forward-Backward Bending, Step by Step

› Surya Namaskara: Why We Greet the Sun, and the First Five Benefits

› The Remaining Benefits, the Limitation, and Step 1: Pranamasana

› Surya Namaskara Steps 2, 3 and 4: Hasta Utthanasana, Padahastasana and Ashwa Sanchalanasana

› Surya Namaskara Steps 5, 6 and 7: Dandasana, Ashtanga Namaskara and Bhujangasana

› Surya Namaskara Steps 8, 9 and 10: Parvatasana, Ashwasanchalanasana and Padahastasana

› Surya Namaskara Steps 11 and 12: Coming Back to Pranamasana

› Asana: The Third Limb, and the Five Postures of This Grade

› Utkatasana: The Chair Posture, Step by Step

› Gomukhasana: The Cow's Face Posture, Step by Step

› Dhanurasana: The Bow Posture, Step by Step

› Sarvangasana: The Shoulder Stand, All Eight Steps

› Sarvangasana's Benefits and Limitations, and Matsyasana Introduced

› Matsyasana: The Fish Posture, Step by Step

› Matsyasana's Limitations, Relaxation, and the Two Breathing Practices

› Marjariasana with Breathing: The Cat Stretch, Step by Step

› Vyagrahasana Breathing: The Tiger Stretch, Step by Step

› Pranayama: Controlling the Breath, and Why It Matters for Students

› The Three Pranayamas Revised, and What Shanmukhi Mudra Is

› Shanmukhi Mudra Step by Step, and Bhastrika Introduced

› Bhastrika Pranayama: The Bellows Breath, Step by Step

› Mudras and Jnana Mudra: The Hand Gestures That Seal Energy

› Jnana Mudra's Benefits, and Pratyahara: Listening to a Temple Bell

› Dharana: One-Pointed Concentration, and Cleansing the Eyes

› Jatru Trataka: Gazing at the Thumbs, Step by Step

› Simple Palming, the Benefits of Jatru Trataka, and Its Limitations

› Dhyana: The Simple Meditation Exercise, and Panchakosha Meditation Introduced

› Panchakosha Meditation: The Inner Journey Through the Five Layers

› Samadhi, Krida Yoga, and the Yoga of Reflection Game

› Assessment: Matching the Five Koshas and Listing Your Own Practices

› The Teachers' Evaluation Rubric, and the Seven Yoga Riddles

› Evaluation for Asana, and the Two Pranayama Riddles

› The Suggested Session Plan for Yoga: Months 1 to 3

› The Suggested Session Plan for Yoga: Months 4 to 6

› The Yoga Module for Practice at Home: Two Thirty-Minute Routines

› The Suggestive Annual Session Plan: How the Whole Year Fits Together

› Summative Assessment: The Five Self-Assessment Scales

› Summative Assessment: The Fitness Record Without Goals

› Summative Assessment: The Badminton Scales for Serve, Lift and Drive

› Summative Assessment: The Football and Kabaddi Scales

› Self-Assessment Questionnaire 1: Yoga for Daily Life

› Self-Assessment Questionnaire 2: The Yoga Sadhana Riddles and Rubrics

› Annexure: The T-Test for Agility, Set Up and Run

› Annexure: The 600-Metre Run/Walk Test

› Annexure: The 3-Minute Step Test

› Annexure: The Push-Ups Test

› Annexure: The Squat Test

› Annexure: The Plank Hold Test

› Annexure: The Sit-and-Reach Test

› Annexure: The 50-Metre Sprint Test

Sanskrit

15 chapters · 63 classes 100 marks

• 1 वन्दे भारतमातरम् — 6 classes

› वन्दे भारतमातरम् — part 1

› वन्दे भारतमातरम् — part 2

› वन्दे भारतमातरम् — part 3

› वन्दे भारतमातरम् — part 4

› वन्दे भारतमातरम् — part 5

› वन्दे भारतमातरम् — part 6

• 2 नित्यं पिबाम: सुभाषितरसम् — 5 classes

› नित्यं पिबाम: सुभाषितरसम् — part 1

› नित्यं पिबाम: सुभाषितरसम् — part 2

› नित्यं पिबाम: सुभाषितरसम् — part 3

› नित्यं पिबाम: सुभाषितरसम् — part 4

› नित्यं पिबाम: सुभाषितरसम् — part 5

• 3 मित्राय नमः — 4 classes

› मित्राय नमः — part 1

› मित्राय नमः — part 2

› मित्राय नमः — part 3

› मित्राय नमः — part 4

• 4 न लभ्यते चेत् आम्लं द्राक्षाफलम् — 3 classes

› न लभ्यते चेत् आम्लं द्राक्षाफलम् — part 1

› न लभ्यते चेत् आम्लं द्राक्षाफलम् — part 2

› न लभ्यते चेत् आम्लं द्राक्षाफलम् — part 3

• 5 सेवा हि परमो धर्म: — 3 classes

› सेवा हि परमो धर्म: — part 1

› सेवा हि परमो धर्म: — part 2

› सेवा हि परमो धर्म: — part 3

• 6 क्रीडाम वयं श्‍ लोकान्ताक्षरीम् — 6 classes

› क्रीडाम वयं श्‍ लोकान्ताक्षरीम् — part 1

› क्रीडाम वयं श्‍ लोकान्ताक्षरीम् — part 2

› क्रीडाम वयं श्‍ लोकान्ताक्षरीम् — part 3

› क्रीडाम वयं श्‍ लोकान्ताक्षरीम् — part 4

› क्रीडाम वयं श्‍ लोकान्ताक्षरीम् — part 5

› क्रीडाम वयं श्‍ लोकान्ताक्षरीम् — part 6

• 7 ईशावास्यम् इदं सर्वम् — 5 classes

› ईशावास्यम् इदं सर्वम् — part 1

› ईशावास्यम् इदं सर्वम् — part 2

› ईशावास्यम् इदं सर्वम् — part 3

› ईशावास्यम् इदं सर्वम् — part 4

› ईशावास्यम् इदं सर्वम् — part 5

• 8 हितं मनोहारि च दुर्लभं वचः — 4 classes

› हितं मनोहारि च दुर्लभं वचः — part 1

› हितं मनोहारि च दुर्लभं वचः — part 2

› हितं मनोहारि च दुर्लभं वचः — part 3

› हितं मनोहारि च दुर्लभं वचः — part 4

• 9 नवम: पाठ: — 3 classes

› नवम: पाठ: — part 1

› नवम: पाठ: — part 2

› नवम: पाठ: — part 3

• 10 दशमः कः ? — 4 classes

› दशमः कः ? — part 1

› दशमः कः ? — part 2

› दशमः कः ? — part 3

› दशमः कः ? — part 4

• 11 द्वीपेषु रम्यः द्वीपोऽण्डमानः — 4 classes

› द्वीपेषु रम्यः द्वीपोऽण्डमानः — part 1

› द्वीपेषु रम्यः द्वीपोऽण्डमानः — part 2

› द्वीपेषु रम्यः द्वीपोऽण्डमानः — part 3

› द्वीपेषु रम्यः द्वीपोऽण्डमानः — part 4

• 12 वीराङ् गना पननाधाया — 3 classes

› वीराङ् गना पननाधाया — part 1

› वीराङ् गना पननाधाया — part 2

› वीराङ् गना पननाधाया — part 3

• 13 वर्णमात्ा-परिचयः — 5 classes

› वर्णमात्ा-परिचयः — part 1

› वर्णमात्ा-परिचयः — part 2

› वर्णमात्ा-परिचयः — part 3

› वर्णमात्ा-परिचयः — part 4

› वर्णमात्ा-परिचयः — part 5

• 14 शब्दरूपाणि — 4 classes

› शब्दरूपाणि — part 1

› शब्दरूपाणि — part 2

› शब्दरूपाणि — part 3

› शब्दरूपाणि — part 4

• 15 धातुरूपाणि — 4 classes

› धातुरूपाणि — part 1

› धातुरूपाणि — part 2

› धातुरूपाणि — part 3

› धातुरूपाणि — part 4

Science

12 chapters · 170 classes 100 marks

• 1 The Ever-Evolving World of Science — 3 classes

› An Invitation, Not a Textbook: Why the Page Numbers Fly

› A Walking Tour of This Year's Chapters: Materials, Circuits, Change and Heat

› 1.1 Happy Exploring! and Activity 1.1: Question the Answer

• 2 Exploring Substances: Acidic, Basic, and Neutral — 13 classes

› A Message That Appeared From Nowhere: The Science Fair (Fig. 2.1)

› Activity 2.1: Testing Eleven Everyday Samples with Blue and Red Litmus

› What Litmus Really Is, and How Groups A, B and C Get Their Names (Fig. 2.3)

› Activity 2.2: Sour, Bitter, Slippery — and the Acids Hiding in Your Food (Fig. 2.4)

› 2.1.2 Red Rose as an Indicator: Activities 2.3 and 2.4 (Figs. 2.5 to 2.8)

› 2.1.3 Turmeric as an Indicator: Activity 2.5 Makes Turmeric Paper (Fig. 2.9)

› What Turmeric Paper Can and Cannot Tell You (Table 2.4)

› Activity 2.6: Indicators You Smell, and Ashwin's Guru Purnima Card

› 2.2 What Happens When an Acid Meets a Base: Activity 2.7 (Fig. 2.10)

› 2.3 Neutralisation in Daily Life: The Ant Bite and the Sour Field (Figs. 2.11, 2.12)

› The Factory, the Lake, and the Answer to the Disappearing Message (In a Nutshell)

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 4, and Figs. 2.13, 2.14, 2.15

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 5 to 12, Dive Deeper, and the Exploratory Projects

• 3 Electricity: Circuits and their Components — 15 classes

› The Bhakra Nangal Trip and Seven Headings of Uses of Electricity

› 3.2.1 Electric Cell and 3.2.2 Battery: Activities 3.2 and 3.3 (Figs. 3.2, 3.3)

› 3.2.3 The Incandescent Lamp and its Filament: Activity 3.4 (Fig. 3.4)

› The LED Lamp: Activity 3.5 and Why One Wire Is Longer (Figs. 3.5, 3.6)

› Activity 3.6: Building the Circuit and Predicting Table 3.1 (Figs. 3.7, 3.8)

› 3.2.5 An Electrical Circuit: Why Arrangements 1 and 6 Glow (Fig. 3.9)

› Activity 3.7: Making an LED Glow, and Current in One Direction Only (Fig. 3.10)

› 3.2.6 Electric Switch: Activities 3.8 and 3.9, Open and Closed Circuits (Figs. 3.11, 3.12)

› 3.3 Circuit Diagrams: The Seven Symbols of Table 3.2

› Activity 3.10: Drawing Figs. 3.12a and 3.10c as Circuit Diagrams (Figs. 3.13, 3.14)

› Activity 3.11: Building a Conduction Tester and Filling Table 3.3 (Fig. 3.15)

› Conductors and Insulators: Copper Wires, Plastic Covers, and the Body as a Conductor

› In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 and 2 (Fig. 3.16)

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 3 to 7 (Figs. 3.17, 3.18, 3.19)

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 8 to 11, and the Exploratory Projects (Figs. 3.20, 3.21, 3.22)

• 4 The World of Metals and Non-metals — 15 classes

› Sudarshan Uncle's Workshop: What an Ironsmith Makes, and From What (Fig. 4.1)

› 4.1.1 Malleability: Activity 4.1 and Table 4.1 (Fig. 4.2)

› Brittle, and Neither: Iron and the Progress of Civilisation, and 4.1.2 Ductility

› 4.1.3 Sonority: Steel Ropes, Suspension Bridges, and Activity 4.2

› The Ringing Sound, and 4.1.4 Conduction of Heat: Activity 4.3 (Fig. 4.3)

› Conduction, Conductors, and 4.1.5 Conduction of Electricity: Activity 4.4

› Table 4.2 and the Pattern in It, then 4.2 The Question About Brown Deposits

› Activity 4.5: Three Bottles A, B and C, and Table 4.3 (Fig. 4.4)

› Rust, Rusting and Corrosion, and the Iron Pillar of Delhi

› 4.3 Burning Magnesium: Activity 4.6 and a Basic Oxide (Figs. 4.5, 4.6)

› Sodium Kept Under Kerosene, and 4.4 Activity 4.7: Burning Sulfur (Fig. 4.7a, b, c)

› Sulfurous Acid, Activity 4.8, and What a Non-metal Is (Fig. 4.7d)

› 4.5 Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Chlorine and Iodine, and In a Nutshell

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 6

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 7 to 12, and the Exploratory Projects

• 5 Changes Around Us: Physical and Chemical — 15 classes

› Four Students, Four Changes: the Ice, the Bottle, the Bud and the Banana

› Activity 5.1 and Table 5.1: Eleven Everyday Changes, and the Senses That Notice Them

› 5.1 Physical Change: Activity 5.2 with Paper, a Balloon and Chalk (Fig. 5.1)

› 5.2 Chemical Change: Activity 5.3, Blowing into Tap Water and Lime Water (Fig. 5.2)

› The Chemical Equation, and Activity 5.4: Vinegar and Baking Soda (Fig. 5.3)

› 5.3.1 Rusting and 5.3.2 Combustion: Activity 5.5 and the Covered Candle (Figs. 5.4, 5.5, 5.6)

› Why the Covered Candle Goes Out, the Blanket Rule, and the Fireflies

› Activity 5.6: Ignition Temperature and the Fire Triangle (Figs. 5.7, 5.8)

› Activity 5.7: What Happens When a Candle Burns, and Faraday's Lectures (Fig. 5.9)

› 5.5 Are Changes Permanent? Activity 5.8 and Table 5.2, and 5.6 Desirable Changes

› Undesirable Changes, Compost and Pollution, and 5.7.1 Weathering of Rocks (Fig. 5.10)

› 5.7.2 Erosion, and In a Nutshell

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 3

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 4 to 8, and 'Eco-friendly Prithvi'

› Question 9's Venn Diagram, Question 10 and Fig. 5.11, and the Exploratory Projects

• 6 Adolescence: A Stage of Growth and Change — 15 classes

› From Seed to Sapling: Why Living Things Must Grow Before They Can Reproduce

› 6.1 The Five Stages of a Human Life, and Venkatesh and Devyani's Conversation

› Activity 6.1 and Table 6.1: What Changes Between Grade 5 and Grade 8

› The Voice Box and the Adam's Apple, Acne, and Body Hair

› Secondary Sexual Characteristics, Puberty, and 6.2 the Menstrual Cycle

› 6.3 Emotional and Behavioural Changes: Activity 6.2 and Table 6.2

› 6.4.1 Meeting Nutritional Needs: Activity 6.3 and Table 6.3

› Iron and Vitamin B12, Dorothy Hodgkin, and 6.4.2 Personal Hygiene (Fig. 6.1)

› Four Government Schemes for Menstrual Hygiene, and 6.4.3 Physical Activities (Fig. 6.2)

› 6.4.4 Balanced Social Life: Peers, Online Platforms and Cyberbullying (Figs. 6.3, 6.4)

› Activity 6.4 and Table 6.4, and 6.4.5 Learning to Say NO (Fig. 6.5)

› Health Damage, Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, and 6.5 Why the Changes Happen: Hormones

› In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Question 1

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 2 to 7

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 8 to 10, and the Exploratory Projects

• 7 Heat Transfer in Nature — 16 classes

› A Fireplace in Gangtok: Why Kerala Is Warm and Why Pans Are Metal

› 7.1 Conduction: Activity 7.1 and the Four Pins on a Metal Strip (Fig. 7.1)

› Why Pin I Falls First: Conduction Defined, and Table 7.2 of Conductors

› Trapped Air: Woollen Clothes, Two Thin Blankets and Hollow Bricks (Fig. 7.2)

› Activity 7.2: The Rising Paper Cup, the Balloon in the Sun, and Smoke (Figs. 7.3b, 7.4)

› Activity 7.3: The Coloured Streak and Convection, and 7.2.1 Activity 7.4 (Figs. 7.5b, 7.6)

› Table 7.4: Soil Heats and Cools Faster Than Water, and the Sea Breeze (Fig. 7.7a)

› The Land Breeze, and 7.3 Radiation: Light and Dark Clothes (Fig. 7.7b)

› All Three at Once: Heating Water in a Pan, Let Us Wrap Up, and the Bukhari (Fig. 7.8)

› 7.4 The Water Cycle: Evaporation, Transpiration, Condensation and Precipitation (Fig. 7.9)

› 7.4.1 Activity 7.5: Clay, Sand and Gravel, and Varahamihira (Fig. 7.10)

› Infiltration, Groundwater and Aquifers, and Why Groundwater Is Falling (Figs. 7.11, 7.12)

› The Ice Stupas of Ladakh, and In a Nutshell (Fig. 7.13)

› The Rest of In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Question 1 (i) and (ii) (Figs. 7.14, 7.15)

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Question 1 (iii) and Questions 2 to 6 (Fig. 7.16)

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 7 to 10, and the Exploratory Projects (Fig. 7.17)

• 8 Measurement of Time and Motion — 15 classes

› Prerna's Question: How Did People Tell the Time Before Clocks?

› 8.1 Measurement of Time: Sundials, Water Clocks, Hourglasses and Candle Clocks (Figs. 8.1 to 8.4)

› Activity 8.1: Building a Water Clock from a Plastic Bottle (Fig. 8.5), and the Samrat Yantra

› Time in Ancient India, and Huygens' Pendulum Clock (Fig. 8.6)

› 8.1.1 A Simple Pendulum: Oscillation, Mean Position and Time Period (Fig. 8.7)

› Activity 8.2 and Table 8.1: Measuring a Time Period, and Think Like a Scientist

› 8.1.2 The SI Unit of Time, Modern Clocks (Fig. 8.8), and the Ghati

› Activity 8.3: The Smallest Interval a Wall Clock Can Measure (Fig. 8.9), and 8.2 Slow or Fast

› 8.3 Speed: The Distance Covered in Unit Time (Fig. 8.10)

› Example 8.1 Worked Through, and Activity 8.4: The Speed of Trains (Table 8.2)

› 8.3.1 Speed, Distance and Time: Examples 8.2 and 8.3, and Why It Is Average Speed

› 8.4 Uniform and Non-uniform Linear Motion (Fig. 8.11), the Speedometer and the Odometer

› Reading Table 8.3: Which of Trains X and Y Is in Uniform Motion?

› In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 7

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 8 to 11, and the Exploratory Projects

• 9 Life Processes in Animals — 15 classes

› What Animals Eat, and the Alimentary Canal (Fig. 9.1)

› Why Chapati Turns Sweet: Saliva, Oral Hygiene, and Activity 9.1 (Table 9.1)

› What the Iodine Showed, and How Food Moves Down the Food Pipe (Fig. 9.2)

› Inside the Stomach (Fig. 9.3), Alexis St. Martin, and the Six-Metre Small Intestine (Fig. 9.4)

› The Pancreas, Absorption, and the Finger-like Projections (Fig. 9.5)

› The Large Intestine, Egestion, the Bacteria That Help, and the Charaka Samhita

› 9.1.2 Ruminants (Fig. 9.6) and the Gizzard of Birds (Fig. 9.7)

› 9.2.1 Respiration in Humans: The Path Air Takes (Fig. 9.8)

› Activity 9.2: A Working Model of Breathing (Fig. 9.9), and the Mechanism (Fig. 9.10)

› Activity 9.3: What We Breathe Out (Fig. 9.11), and Breathing Practices

› Gas Exchange in the Alveoli (Fig. 9.12), and the Word Equation of Respiration (Fig. 9.13)

› The Circulatory System, Smoking, and 9.2.2 How Fish Breathe (Fig. 9.14)

› Tadpoles, Frogs and Earthworms, and In a Nutshell

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 8

› Questions 9 and 10 (Figs. 9.15 and 9.16), and the Exploratory Projects

• 10 Life Processes in Plants — 15 classes

› 10.1 How Do Plants Grow? Four Guesses, and Activity 10.1 (Fig. 10.1)

› Activity 10.1 Concluded: Table 10.1, and What Pots A, B and C Showed

› The Vrikshayurveda, 10.2.1 Leaves as Food Factories, and Activity 10.2 (Fig. 10.2a)

› The Iodine Test on a Leaf (Fig. 10.2b), Why We Decolourise It, and Activity 10.3

› Table 10.2: Starch in the Green and Non-green Patches, and Coloured Leaves

› Chlorophyll Is Essential, and 10.2.2 Activity 10.4: The Role of Air (Fig. 10.3a)

› Table 10.3, and the Definition of Photosynthesis

› Activity 10.5: The Gas That Bubbles Up (Fig. 10.4)

› 10.2.3 Photosynthesis in a Nutshell (Fig. 10.5), and R.H. Dastur

› Activity 10.6: Finding the Stomata (Fig. 10.6), and 10.3.1 Transport of Water

› Activity 10.7: Red Ink Up a Stem (Fig. 10.7), the Xylem and the Phloem (Fig. 10.8)

› 10.4 Do Plants Respire? Activity 10.8 and the Lime Water Test (Fig. 10.9)

› In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 5

› Questions 6, 7 and 8: Reading Three Experiments (Figs. 10.10, 10.11, 10.12)

› Questions 9 and 10, the Exploratory Projects, and Kamala Sohonie

• 11 Light: Shadows and Reflections — 15 classes

› Keshav's Questions: Fireflies, Moonlight, and Light in a Straight Line

› 11.1 Sources of Light: Luminous and Non-luminous (Figs. 11.1 to 11.3), and LED Lamps

› 11.2 Does Light Travel in a Straight Line? Activities 11.1 and 11.2 (Figs. 11.4, 11.5)

› 11.3 Activity 11.3 and Table 11.1: Predicting Before Observing

› Transparent, Translucent and Opaque (Fig. 11.6), and 11.4 Shadow Formation (Fig. 11.7)

› Activity 11.4 and Table 11.2: Six Changes Made to a Shadow

› What a Shadow Needs, Shadow Puppetry, and 11.5 Reflection (Activity 11.5)

› Redirecting Sunlight (Fig. 11.8), and Activity 11.6: A Beam Through a Comb (Fig. 11.9)

› 11.6 Images in a Plane Mirror: Activities 11.7 and 11.8 (Figs. 11.10, 11.11)

› Lateral Inversion, the Ambulance, Aranmula Kannadi, and 11.7 The Pinhole Camera

› Activity 11.9: An Upside-down Candle Flame (Fig. 11.12), and Building a Pinhole Camera (Fig. 11.13)

› 11.8.1 The Periscope (Fig. 11.14) and 11.8.2 The Kaleidoscope (Fig. 11.15)

› Why a Kaleidoscope Never Repeats, In a Nutshell, and Questions 1 and 2

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 3 to 6 (Figs. 11.16, 11.17, 11.18)

› Questions 7 to 12 (Figs. 11.19, 11.20), and the Exploratory Projects

• 12 Earth, Moon, and the Sun — 18 classes

› Rashmika's Puzzle: Long Shadows, Short Shadows, and Who Is Really Moving

› 12.1 Rotation of the Earth: Activity 12.1 on a Merry-go-round (Fig. 12.1)

› Spinning Tops and the Earth's Axis (Figs. 12.2, 12.3), and Activity 12.2 with a Globe

› A Torch for the Sun (Fig. 12.4b): Rotation from West to East Makes Day and Night (Fig. 12.5)

› Standing on the Equator (Fig. 12.6), and Foucault's 22-Metre Pendulum

› Activity 12.3: Watching the Big Dipper Turn (Fig. 12.7), and Star Trails

› Aryabhata's Boat, and 12.2 The Revolution of the Earth

› The Orbit and the Changing Night Sky (Fig. 12.8), and the Monsoon Stars of the Bhil and Pawara

› 12.2.2 Seasons on the Earth: The Tilt of the Axis (Fig. 12.9)

› Why June Is Hot in the North (Figs. 12.10, 12.11), and Two Wrong Explanations

› Solstices and Equinoxes, Six Months of Sunshine at the Pole, and 12.3 Eclipses

› 12.3.1 Solar Eclipse: Activity 12.4 and Apparent Size (Figs. 12.12, 12.13)

› Total and Partial Solar Eclipse (Fig. 12.14), and How to Watch One Safely

› Projecting the Sun with a Mirror, Grahan and the Surya Siddhanta, and 12.3.2 Lunar Eclipse

› The Geometry of a Lunar Eclipse (Fig. 12.16), and the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory

› M.K. Vainu Bappu, In a Nutshell, and Questions 1 and 2 (Fig. 12.17)

› Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 3 to 8 (Fig. 12.18)

› Questions 9 to 12, the Exploratory Projects, and 'It's Still Not the End, My Friend!'

Social Science

20 chapters · 284 classes 100 marks

• 1 Geographical Diversity of India — 17 classes

› The Big Questions, Fig. 1.1 Jog Falls, and India as a Subcontinent of Five Regions

› The Himalayas: Reading a 2500-km Wall on the Map and in Fig. 1.2

› Gaumukh and Fig. 1.3, the Eight Thousanders, and the Water Tower of Asia

› How the Himalayas Were Formed: Gondwana, the Collision, and Figs. 1.4 and 1.5

› Himadri, Himachal and Shivalik: The Three Ranges, and the Kath-kuni House of Fig. 1.6

› The Great Himalayan National Park: Reading the Seven Pictures of Fig. 1.7

› The Cold Desert of India: Moonland (Fig. 1.8), Yaks (Fig. 1.9) and Pangong Tso (Fig. 1.10)

› The Gangetic Plains: Rivers, Multi-cropping, Transport and the Night Lights of Fig. 1.16

› The Great Indian Desert: Sand Dunes (Fig. 1.21), Jaisalmer (Fig. 1.22) and the Pushkar Mela (Fig. 1.23)

› Water in the Thar: Scouring with Sand, Taanka and Kunds (Fig. 1.24)

› The Aravalli Hills: 2.5 Billion Years Old, the Zinc of Zawar, and Kumbhalgarh (Figs. 1.25, 1.26)

› The Peninsular Plateau: What a Plateau Is, and the Western and Eastern Ghats

› The Deccan: Forests, Tribal Communities, Waterfalls and Coal (Figs. 1.27 to 1.32)

› India's Amazing Coastlines: The West Coast and The East Coast (Figs. 1.33, 1.34, 1.35)

› The Indian Islands: Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar, Barren Island, and the Sundarbans (Figs. 1.36 to 1.40)

› The Hills of the Northeast: Garo, Khasi and Jaintia, and the Three Views of Fig. 1.41

› Mawlynnong and the Living Root Bridges (Fig. 1.42), Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 9

• 2 Understanding the Weather — 14 classes

› The Big Questions, Fig. 2.1, and What Weather Is: The Troposphere in Fig. 2.2

› The Five Elements of Weather, and Think About It: Krishnan, Amir and the Need for a Common Measure

› Observing Nature's Clues: Ants, Frogs and Pine Cones (Figs. 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3)

› Weather Instruments (a) Temperature: Thermometers, Celsius and Fahrenheit, and Figs. 2.4.1 to 2.4.4

› Range and Mean Daily Temperature, the IMD of 1875, and the Chart of Fig. 2.5

› Reading the Temperature Table, and (b) Precipitation: How a Rain Gauge Works (Fig. 2.6)

› Let's Explore: Build and Read Your Own Rain Gauge, and (c) Atmospheric Pressure (Fig. 2.7)

› Why the Air Thins on a Mountain: Depressions, the Barometer, Millibars and Khardung la (Fig. 2.8)

› (d) Wind: Why Direction and Speed Matter, and the Wind Vane (Fig. 2.9)

› The Wind Sock and the Anemometer (Fig. 2.10), and (e) Humidity: Kochi or Jaipur?

› Relative Humidity from 0% to 100%, the Hygrometer, and Think About It: Delhi 52%, Kochi 84%

› Weather Stations (Fig. 2.11), the Automated Weather Station, and the AWS at a Sikkim Glacial Lake (Fig. 2.12)

› Predicting the Weather: Reading the IMD Warning Map of 19 May 2024 (Fig. 2.13), and Before We Move On

› Questions and Activities 1 to 4: Matching Instruments, Packing for Mumbai, Siting a Rain Gauge, and the Jammu and Kashmir Table

• 3 Climates of India — 17 classes

› The Five Big Questions, Fig. 3.1, and Weather, Seasons and the Climate: the Six Ritus

› Life in Rhythm with the Ritus, and Let Us Recapitulate: Weather, Seasons, Climate

› Types of Climates in India: Seven Climates from Alpine to Tropical (Fig. 3.3)

› Factors Determining the Climate - (a) Latitude: Why the Sun's Angle Decides the Heat (Fig. 3.4)

› (b) Altitude: Why Hill Stations Are Cool, and the Four Views of Fig. 3.5

› Ooty against Coimbatore, and (c) Proximity to the Sea: Mumbai against Nagpur (Fig. 3.6)

› (d) Winds: Heat Waves and Cold Waves (Fig. 3.7), and (e) Topography

› Putting It All Together: What a Climate Description Must Contain, and Microclimates (Fig. 3.8)

› The Monsoons: Mausim, and How Summer and Winter Reverse the Winds (Fig. 3.9)

› The Southwest and Northeast Monsoons over India, Mawsynram, and the Monsoon Ragas (Fig. 3.10)

› Traditional Ways of Reading the Monsoon, Climate and Our Lives, and the Festivals of Fig. 3.11

› Monsoon Failure, Climates and Disasters, (a) Cyclones, and the NDRF (Fig. 3.12)

› How a Cyclone Forms, the Eye of the Cyclone (Fig. 3.13), and Think About It: What Clouds Are Made Of

› (b) Floods: Rivers, Glacial Bursts and Kedarnath 2013, and Urban Flooding (Figs. 3.14, 3.15)

› (c) Landslides and (d) Forest Fires, and the Let's Explore on Fig. 3.15

› Climate Change: Fossil Fuels, the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming (Fig. 3.16)

› Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 7

• 4 New Beginnings: Cities and States — 12 classes

› The Big Questions, Fig. 4.1 at Rajagriha, and the End of India's First Urbanisation (Fig. 4.2)

› How We Know: Two Sources for the Second Urbanisation, and What a Janapada Is

› The Sixteen Mahajanapadas on the Map (Fig. 4.3): Fortified Capitals, Moats and Narrow Gateways

› Early Democratic Traditions: The Sabha, the Samiti and a Raja Who Could Be Removed

› Monarchies and the Ganas: Magadha, Kosala and Avanti against Vajji and Malla (Fig. 4.4)

› More Innovations: Schools of Thought, Iron Metallurgy, and the First Coins in India

› Punch-marked Coins (Fig. 4.6), the Sanchi Smithy (Fig. 4.5), and the Table Comparing Two Urbanisations

› The Varna-Jati System: Jati, Sub-jati and the Four Varnas

› Where the Word 'Caste' Comes From, and How a Flexible System Became Rigid

› Think About It on Inequality, and Developments Elsewhere: the Uttarapatha and the Dakshinapatha (Fig. 4.7)

› Shishupalgarh and the Ports, the Timeline of Fig. 4.8, the Southern Kingdoms and Kodumanal (Fig. 4.9)

› Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 4

• 5 The Rise of Empires — 23 classes

› The Big Questions, Fig. 5.1 at Barabar, Fig. 5.2 of Pataliputra, and the Time Machine Called Itihasa

› Ira at the Gate: Soldiers, the Drawbridge, the Moat and the Cave (Fig. 5.3)

› Inside Pataliputra, and What an Empire Is: Imperium, Samraj and the Tributary

› The Six Features of an Empire

› Why a King Wants an Empire, and the Five Pictures of Fig. 5.4

› Trade, Trade Routes and Guilds: Why an Army Is Expensive, and What India Traded

› What Made a Guild Remarkable, the Trade Route Map of Fig. 5.5, and the Rise of Magadha

› Why Magadha Rose: Land, Timber, Elephants and Iron, and the Siege Panel of Fig. 5.6

› Surplus, the Ganga and Son, and the Nandas: Mahapadma's Coin (Fig. 5.7) and Panini (Fig. 5.8)

› The Arrival of the Greeks: Porus, and Alexander's Campaign of 334-331 BCE (Figs. 5.9, 5.10)

› Satraps, the Battle with Porus, and the End of Alexander (327-325 and 324-323 BCE)

› Alexander and the Gymnosophists (Fig. 5.11), and The Mighty Mauryas Begin

› The Story of Kautilya, and Two Maps: the Nanda Empire (Fig. 5.12) and the Maurya Empire (Fig. 5.13)

› Chandragupta Takes Magadha, Defeats the Satraps, and Hosts Megasthenes (Fig. 5.14)

› Kautilya's Saptanga (Fig. 5.15), and Why the Countryside Comes First

› The King Who Chose Peace: Ashoka, the Kalinga War, and Fig. 5.16

› The Great Communicator: Edicts on Rock and Pillar, Prakrit and Brahmi (Fig. 5.17)

› Devanampiya Piyadasi: What Ashoka Claimed to Have Done (Fig. 5.18)

› What Dharma Means, and the Edict Instructing the City Magistrates

› After Ashoka, and Life in the Mauryan Period: the Sohagaura Plate (Fig. 5.19) and the Sarnath Capital (Fig. 5.20)

› Some Contributions of the Mauryas: Life and People (Figs. 5.21 to 5.25), Art and Architecture (Figs. 5.26, 5.27)

› The National Emblem, the Coins of Fig. 5.29, and The Fragile Nature of Empires (Fig. 5.30)

› Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 9

• 6 The Age of Reorganisation — 19 classes

› The Big Questions, Fig. 6.1.1, and the Break-up of the Maurya Empire in 185 BCE

› Fig. 6.2: The Dynasties of the Age, Inside and Outside the Subcontinent (Fig. 6.3), and Matrimonial Alliances

› Surge of the Shungas: Pushyamitra and the Ashvamedha Yajna (Fig. 6.4)

› Sanskrit, the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, and the Bharhut Stupa Railings (Figs. 6.5.1 to 6.5.4)

› Some Shunga Contributions to Art: Reading the Ten Objects of Fig. 6.6

› The Bharhut Panel of Fig. 6.7, and The Satavahanas: A Deccan Power

› Satavahana Coins and Ships (Fig. 6.8), Roman Trade, and the Naneghat Caves (Fig. 6.9)

› Life under the Satavahanas: Mothers' Names (Fig. 6.10), a Widow Queen's Yajna, and the Brahmi Numerals

› Vasudeva, Tax-free Land, the Karla Caves (Fig. 6.11) and the Yaksha of Pitalkhora (Fig. 6.12)

› The End of the Satavahanas, and Coming of the Chedis: Kharavela and the Hathigumpha Inscription (Fig. 6.13)

› Sangam Literature and the Sangam Age, the Cholas, and the Map of Fig. 6.14

› Silappadikaram: The Tale of the Anklet, and the Statue of Kannagi (Fig. 6.15)

› King Karikala (Fig. 6.16) and the Kallanai or Grand Anicut (Fig. 6.17)

› The Cheras and Their Coins (Fig. 6.18), and The Pandyas: Pearls, Navy and Inscriptions

› Invasions of the Indo-Greeks: the Heliodorus Pillar (Fig. 6.19), Coins with Indian Deities (Fig. 6.20), and the Shaka Samvat

› The Emergence of the Kushanas: Kanishka's Headless Statue (Fig. 6.22), His Coins (Fig. 6.23), and the Gandhara School (Fig. 6.24)

› The Silk Route of Fig. 6.25, from Byzantium to Luoyang

› The Mathura Style (Fig. 6.26), Identifying the Artefacts of Fig. 6.27, and Cultural Assimilation

› Before We Move On, the Timeline of Fig. 6.28, and Questions and Activities 1 to 6

• 7 The Gupta Era: An Age of Tireless Creativity — 17 classes

› The Big Questions, Fig. 7.1 at Ajanta, and Fig. 7.2: Four Powers of the 3rd to 6th Centuries CE

› The Iron Pillar of Delhi (Fig. 7.3): 1,600 Years Without Rust, and A New Power Emerges

› Chandragupta I's Gold Coin (Fig. 7.4), Chandragupta II 'Vikramaditya', and Why the 'II'

› The Warrior King: the Prayaga Prashasti, Harisena (Fig. 7.5) and Samudragupta with the Veena (Fig. 7.6)

› The Vishnu Purana on the Empire's Regions, the Ashvamedha Coin (Fig. 7.7), and the Map of Fig. 7.8

› A Traveller's Account: Faxian on Indian Society in the Gupta Age

› Why One Source Is Not Enough: the Chandalas, and Glimpses of the Gupta Empire

› Prabhavati Gupta, Regent Ruler of the Vakatakas (Figs. 7.9, 7.10)

› Provinces, Copper-Plate Land Grants, and Thriving Trade as Far as Socotra

› New Ideas and Wonders: Why This Is Called the Classical Age (Figs. 7.11, 7.12)

› Aryabhata and Varahamihira (Fig. 7.13)

› Kalidasa and the Meghadutam, the Cloud Messenger (Fig. 7.14)

› Ayurveda Codified, and The Quest for Beauty: the Centres of Gupta Art

› The Decline of the Guptas, and Meanwhile in the South: the Pallavas at Kanchipuram

› Various Aspects of Gupta Art: Figs. 7.15 to 7.18

› Kamarupa and the Varmans, and the Timeline of Fig. 7.19

› Samudragupta's Pattern with Tributaries, the Gupta Legacy, Before We Move On, and Questions 1 to 7

• 8 How the Land Becomes Sacred — 7 classes

› How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 1

› How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 2

› How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 3

› How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 4

› How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 5

› How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 6

› How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 7

• 9 From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — 11 classes

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 1

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 2

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 3

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 4

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 5

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 6

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 7

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 8

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 9

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 10

› From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 11

• 10 The Constitution of India — 9 classes

› The Constitution of India — part 1

› The Constitution of India — part 2

› The Constitution of India — part 3

› The Constitution of India — part 4

› The Constitution of India — part 5

› The Constitution of India — part 6

› The Constitution of India — part 7

› The Constitution of India — part 8

› The Constitution of India — part 9

• 11 From Barter to Money — 7 classes

› From Barter to Money — part 1

› From Barter to Money — part 2

› From Barter to Money — part 3

› From Barter to Money — part 4

› From Barter to Money — part 5

› From Barter to Money — part 6

› From Barter to Money — part 7

• 12 Understanding Markets — 11 classes

› Understanding Markets — part 1

› Understanding Markets — part 2

› Understanding Markets — part 3

› Understanding Markets — part 4

› Understanding Markets — part 5

› Understanding Markets — part 6

› Understanding Markets — part 7

› Understanding Markets — part 8

› Understanding Markets — part 9

› Understanding Markets — part 10

› Understanding Markets — part 11

• 1 The Story of Indian Farming — 17 classes

› The Big Questions, the Kṛiṣhi Parāśhara Verse, and Fig. 1.1: Six Photographs of Indian Farming

› India's Agricultural Landscape: What 'Agriculture and Allied Activities' Covers, and Who Actually Farms

› Echoes from the Past: Fig. 1.2's 4,800-Year-Old Furrows at Kalibangan and Fig. 1.3's Sugarcane and Pumpkin

› Climate, Seasons and Crops: Xuanzang's Observation, Seven Climates, 15 Agroclimatic Zones and Fig. 1.4

› Reading Fig. 1.5: The Kharif, Rabi and Zaid Calendar, with Fig. 1.6's Mustard and Fig. 1.7's Pearl Millet

› Soil, the Foundation of Cultivation: Fig. 1.8's Four Stages, the Six Soils of India, and Soil–Crop Linkages

› Two Maps Side by Side: Fig. 1.9, the Soil Map of India, and Fig. 1.10, the Crops Each Soil Carries

› Nurturing the Soil: Crop Rotation, Contour Ploughing and Panchagavya against Terracing and Precise Fertiliser

› Water: Rain-Fed Farming, Fig. 1.11's Banana Bunds, Fig. 1.12's Drone and Fig. 1.13's Munsar Lake

› From Phad Canals and Fig. 1.14's Bamboo Pipes to Fig. 1.15's Drip and Fig. 1.16's Sprinklers — and Then Seeds

› Beejamrit, the Indian Seed Drill, and the Arthaśhāstra's Instructions for Preparing Seed

› Traditional Systems and the Green Revolution: Fig. 1.17's Terraces, Kulāgar, Gokṛiṣhi, Fig. 1.18 and Fig. 1.19

› The Costs of the Green Revolution and Sustainable Pathways: Sikkim, Neem, and Fig. 1.20's Three Heritage Systems

› The Role of the Government, Hydroponics (Fig. 1.21), Crop Insurance (Fig. 1.22), and the Three-Quarter-Hectare Farm

› Climate Change, the Ganga Under Stress, and the Debt Trap: Why 2,300 Farmers a Day Walk Away

› Before We Move On, and Questions 1 to 3: Kerala's Rice, Punjab's Wheat, and the Six-Pair Matching Exercise

› Questions and Activities 4 to 9: Technology, Sustainability, the Class Debate and the Ganga Presentation

• 2 India and Her Neighbours — 18 classes

› Mandela's Sentence, The Big Questions, and Fig. 2.1: India Placed Among Her Neighbours

› Framing the Neighbourhood: The 15,100 km Land Border, Maritime Neighbours, and the Routes of Fig. 2.2

› The Indian Ocean, an 11,100 km Coastline, and What Regionalism Means

› India and China: Buddhism Both Ways, Fig. 2.3's Size Note, Fig. 2.4's Kaiyuan Pillar, and the Trade Balance

› India and Pakistan: Partition, the Wars, the Shared Shrines, and the Kartarpur Corridor (Fig. 2.6)

› A Newborn Neighbour: Bangladesh, the Transboundary Rivers, Fig. 2.7's Map and Fig. 2.8's Sundarban

› In the Lap of the Himalayas: Nepal, the 1950 Treaty, the Open Border, and Fig. 2.9's Paśhupatinātha Temple

› The Land of the Thunder Dragon: Bhutan, Fig. 2.10's Emblem, Fig. 2.11's Tala Project, and the Three Schools of Buddhism

› Tiger's Nest (Fig. 2.12), Gross National Happiness, and Myanmar: India's Gateway to Southeast Asia

› Afghanistan and the Uttarāpatha (Fig. 2.15), then India's Maritime Neighbours and SAARC

› Sri Lanka Across the Palk Strait: Aśhoka's Children, the Civil War, and Figs. 2.16, 2.17 and 2.18

› A Nation of Islets: The Maldives, Dhivehi's Indian Roots, Fig. 2.19's Underwater Cabinet, and Rising Seas

› From Dvārakā to Dvāravatī: Thailand, Fig. 2.20's Map, and Fig. 2.21's Churning of the Ocean

› The Malay Peninsula and the Lion City: Fig. 2.22's Petronas Towers and Fig. 2.23's Four Languages

› Little India (Fig. 2.24) and the Indonesian Archipelago: Fig. 2.25's Garuḍa and Fig. 2.26's Borobudur

› The 2004 Tsunami and the Warning Centre, then an Ancient Neighbour: Iran, the Avesta and Chabahar

› The Land of Copper: Oman, Fig. 2.30's Harappan Ingot, Fig. 2.31's Muscat Temple, and Before We Move On

› Questions and Activities 1 to 8: Maritime Neighbours, Buddhism, Open Borders, and the Map Tasks

• 3 Empires and Kingdoms: 6th to 10th Centuries — 21 classes

› India Never Spoke Her Last Word: The Big Questions and Fig. 3.1, the Shore Temple at Māmallapuram

› 600 to 1200 CE in One Journey: Fig. 3.2's Timeline and Fig. 3.3's Map of the Dynasties After the Guptas

› Harṣhavardhana at Kannauj: Fig. 3.4's Peacock Coin, Fig. 3.5's Signature, and Bāṇa's Kādambarī

› Xuanzang's Road and Harṣha's Court: Fig. 3.7's Route, the Prayāga Assembly, and the Tripartite Struggle Begins

› The Tripartite Struggle and the Pālas: Fig. 3.8's Seal, Fig. 3.9's Crowned Buddha, and Vikramaśhilā's Gatekeeper Scholars

› Gurjara-Pratīhāras and Rāṣhṭrakūṭas: Fig. 3.10's Manuscript, Fig. 3.11's Varāha Coin and Fig. 3.12's Kailaśhanātha

› Amoghavarṣha Nṛipatunga, Peak of Kings: Fig. 3.13's Kannada Inscription and Al-Masūdī's Testimony

› Kashmir and Kalhaṇa's Rājatarangiṇī: How a 12th-Century Historian Worked, and Fig. 3.14's Shankaracharya Hill

› Kashmir Śhaivism and the Deccan: Fig. 3.15's Standing Śhiva, Pulakeśhin II, and Fig. 3.16's Map of the South

› Ravikīrti's Praise Poem (Fig. 3.17), the Eastern Chālukyas, and the Pallavas of Kānchī

› Reading Fig. 3.18: Durga About to Slay Mahiṣhāsura, and the End of Pallava Rule

› Further South: Pāṇḍyas, Cheras and the Rise of the Cholas — Fig. 3.19's Warriors and Fig. 3.20's Naṭarāja

› Sāmantas, Bhuktis and Village Sabhās: How These Kingdoms Were Actually Run (Fig. 3.21, Fig. 3.22)

› Merchant Guilds, Ports and Jātis: Who Traded, Who Was Excluded, and How the Kāyasthas Became a Jāti

› Queens, Tantra, Jainism and the Bhakti Movement: Fig. 3.23's Bāhubalī, the 12 Ālvārs and the 63 Nāyanārs

› Brahmagupta and the Galaxy of Mathematicians: Zero, Negative Numbers, and Fig. 3.25's Victory Pillars

› The Hūṇas' Challenge and How They Vanished into India: Reading the Two Coins of Fig. 3.26

› The Arabs in Sindh: 637 at Thānā, Muhammad bin Qasim, King Dāhar, and Three Centuries of Resistance

› Mawsim Becomes Monsoon: The Word Table to Complete, and How Indian Numerals Reached Europe

› Taking Stock: Fig. 3.27's Map of Twelve Dynasties, the Fifteen More Not Covered, and the Six Closing Points

› Questions and Activities 1 to 7: The Letter to Kanchipuram, the Vassal System, and the Ruler–City Matching

• 4 Turning Tides: 11th and 12th Centuries — 18 classes

› Vivekananda's Rock, The Big Questions, and Fig. 4.1: Soldiers and Elephants at Khajuraho

› A Chapter That Opens and Closes with an Invasion: Fig. 4.2's Timeline and a Word of Caution

› The Hindu Shāhis and the Khyber Pass (Fig. 4.3), and the Rise of Mahmūd of Ghazni

› Mathura, Kannauj and Somnath: Reading Fig. 4.4's Map and the Cost of Seventeen Raids

› Al-Bīrūnī, the Scholar in the Invader's Camp: Fig. 4.6's Stamp and a Witness Against His Own Patron

› Bhāskarāchārya and the Līlāvatī: The Herd of Elephants, and Fig. 4.7's Peacock and Snake

› Why Did Mahmūd Do It? Fig. 4.8's Captive King, Fig. 4.9's Two-Language Coin, and the Senas of Bengal

› The Eastern Gangas, and Reading Fig. 4.10: The Kingdoms of the South in the 11th and 12th Centuries

› Kākatīya Warangal (Fig. 4.11) and the Hoysalas: 'Poy, Sāla' and the Name of a Dynasty

› Hoysala Stone (Fig. 4.12) and Rājarāja Chola: Islands of the Sea, Anurādhapura, and a Vihāra for a Foreign King

› Rājendra Chola I: 'The Chola Who Brought Gangā' (Fig. 4.13) and the Navy Sent to the Strait of Malacca

› Bhoja the Scholar-King: The Lake at Bhojpur (Fig. 4.15), and the Ghūrids Take Ghazni

› Tarain 1191 and 1192: Pṛithvīrāja III (Fig. 4.16), the Fall of Dhillikā, and Two Coins of Muhammad Ghūrī

› The Burning of Nālandā: Jūzjānī's 'Bihār', the Library of Lakhs of Manuscripts, and Fig. 4.19

› 1206: Two Deaths, and How These Kingdoms Paid for Their Armies (Fig. 4.20)

› Rāmānujāchārya and Basavaṇṇa (Figs. 4.21, 4.22): Two Thinkers Who Opened the Door

› Angkor Wat (Fig. 4.23), the Lesson of Resilience, and Question 1 on Change and Continuity

› Questions and Activities 2 to 8: The Star of Dynasties, the Distance Rājendra Sailed, and the Matching Exercise

• 5 India, a Home to Many — 11 classes

› Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam: The Hitopadeśha Verse, Sri Sarada Devi's Last Message, and The Big Questions

› The Story of Indian Jews: The Bene Israel Shipwreck, the Raja of Kochi's Grant, and Vivekananda at Chicago (Fig. 5.1)

› Reading Figs. 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4: A Plaque, a Synagogue Interior, and a Jewish Family in Mumbai

› Milk and Sugar: Why the Parsis Came, Raja Jadi Rāṇā's Jug, and Fig. 5.6's Fire at Udvada

› Fig. 5.7's Parsi Bride, and the Old Ties Between the Avesta and the Veda

› Arab Merchants and the Siddis: Fig. 5.8's Cheraman Juma Masjid and Fig. 5.12's Padma Shri

› Armenians in Agra, Kolkata and Chennai (Fig. 5.13), and the Baha'is (Fig. 5.14)

› The Good Maharaja of Nawanagar (Fig. 5.15), and Why Tibetans Came: Nālandā's Monks and Sowa Rigpa

› The Four Commitments and a Second Home: Fig. 5.17's Monastery at Bylakuppe

› The Whole World Is Family: Atithi Devo Bhava, the Mettā Sutta, and Indian Values Beyond India

› Questions and Activities 1 to 4: The World Map of Routes, the Key Values, and the Class Project

• 6 The State, the Government, and You — 14 classes

› Socrates on the Cost of Not Ruling: The Big Questions and Fig. 6.1, the Government and Us

› What Is a State? Fig. 6.3's Four Parts and Roshini Didi's Answers in Fig. 6.4

› The School and the Teachers: What a Government Is, Fig. 6.5, and Reading Fig. 6.6 with the Police

› Democracy and Republic: Why the Constitution Makers Used Both Words, with Fig. 6.7's Preamble

› The Dongria Kondh Hills and the 9 pm Delivery Ban: How a Republic Stops the Dominance of the Majority

› Legislature (Fig. 6.10) and Executive: The Political and the Permanent Halves of the Government

› Reading Fig. 6.11's Hierarchy, the Five Great Services, and C.B. Muthamma's Case (Fig. 6.12)

› Protector, Provider, Regulator (Fig. 6.13) — and Why Problems Remain

› Grievance Redressal (Fig. 6.14), the RTI at Bagepalli, and Using the Media (Fig. 6.15)

› Civil Society and the Silent Valley (Fig. 6.16), Writing, Voting — and the Judiciary as Watchdog

› Why the Judiciary Matters, and Three Tiers (Fig. 6.17): How Local Government Became the Third

› Reading Fig. 6.18: Five Reasons for Decentralisation, Gandhi's Grām Swarāj, and Who Does What

› Reading Fig. 6.19: How Three Levels and Three Organs Run One School System

› Before We Move On, and Questions 1 to 5: The Student Council, the Limits of Parliament, and Your Family's Year

• 7 Infrastructure: Engine of India’ s Development — 13 classes

› Kalam's Test of a Developed India: The Big Questions and Fig. 7.1

› The Morning Without Roads: What Physical Infrastructure Is, and Fig. 7.2's Seven Works

› Rishabh's Journey and Satish's Tomatoes (Fig. 7.3): Infrastructure as a Jigsaw

› Reading Fig. 7.4's Road Map, NH44 and the Golden Quadrilateral, and Two Bridges (Figs. 7.5, 7.6)

› From 1853 to Today: Fig. 7.7's Colonial Network, Fig. 7.8's Electrification Chart and Fig. 7.9

› Three Figures on One Railway: Fig. 7.10's Network, Fig. 7.11's Track Lengths and Fig. 7.12's Locomotives

› Metros (Figs. 7.13, 7.14) and Air Transport (Figs. 7.15–7.17): Speed, Cargo and a Garden Airport

› Reading Fig. 7.18's Airport Map, and Shipping: 12 Major Ports and Fig. 7.21's League Table

› Rani's Voice Note and Fig. 7.22's Ports: The Invisible Journey of a Message

› J.C. Bose, the Man Who Did Not Patent (Fig. 7.24), and Fig. 7.25's Telephones

› Social Infrastructure, Littered Roads (Figs. 7.26, 7.27), and the Arthaśhāstra's Road Widths

› The Community Responsibility Pact: Three Printed Tasks, and Before We Move On

› Questions and Activities 1 to 7: The Scenario Posters, the Jobs Question, and the Innovation Hunt

• 8 Banks and the Magic of Finance — 8 classes

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 1

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 2

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 3

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 4

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 5

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 6

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 7

› Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 8

Urdu

14 chapters · 55 classes 100 marks

• 1 رت܇ا܇ٔہن و܇دح܇ ت 1 — 3 classes

› رت܇ا܇ٔہن و܇دح܇ ت 1 — part 1

› رت܇ا܇ٔہن و܇دح܇ ت 1 — part 2

› رت܇ا܇ٔہن و܇دح܇ ت 1 — part 3

• 2 ܇ا܇کي رپ܇ا܇ين اہک܇ ين 2 — 3 classes

› ܇ا܇کي رپ܇ا܇ين اہک܇ ين 2 — part 1

› ܇ا܇کي رپ܇ا܇ين اہک܇ ين 2 — part 2

› ܇ا܇کي رپ܇ا܇ين اہک܇ ين 2 — part 3

• 3 ܇يلہپ ُا܇ڑ܇ا܇ ن 3 — 5 classes

› ܇يلہپ ُا܇ڑ܇ا܇ ن 3 — part 1

› ܇يلہپ ُا܇ڑ܇ا܇ ن 3 — part 2

› ܇يلہپ ُا܇ڑ܇ا܇ ن 3 — part 3

› ܇يلہپ ُا܇ڑ܇ا܇ ن 3 — part 4

› ܇يلہپ ُا܇ڑ܇ا܇ ن 3 — part 5

• 4 ین ܇܇ اپ 4 — 4 classes

› ین ܇܇ اپ 4 — part 1

› ین ܇܇ اپ 4 — part 2

› ین ܇܇ اپ 4 — part 3

› ین ܇܇ اپ 4 — part 4

• 5 5 ܇ ونگج — 2 classes

› 5 ܇ ونگج — part 1

› 5 ܇ ونگج — part 2

• 6 اّ܇ں يک اب܇ تمّي اھ و܇ ڑب — 4 classes

› اّ܇ں يک اب܇ تمّي اھ و܇ ڑب — part 1

› اّ܇ں يک اب܇ تمّي اھ و܇ ڑب — part 2

› اّ܇ں يک اب܇ تمّي اھ و܇ ڑب — part 3

› اّ܇ں يک اب܇ تمّي اھ و܇ ڑب — part 4

• 7 ڈڈيگ ܇ری دمحم امثع܇ ن ܇܇ رب 7 — 6 classes

› ڈڈيگ ܇ری دمحم امثع܇ ن ܇܇ رب 7 — part 1

› ڈڈيگ ܇ری دمحم امثع܇ ن ܇܇ رب 7 — part 2

› ڈڈيگ ܇ری دمحم امثع܇ ن ܇܇ رب 7 — part 3

› ڈڈيگ ܇ری دمحم امثع܇ ن ܇܇ رب 7 — part 4

› ڈڈيگ ܇ری دمحم امثع܇ ن ܇܇ رب 7 — part 5

› ڈڈيگ ܇ری دمحم امثع܇ ن ܇܇ رب 7 — part 6

• 8 ! ܇دق܇م ڑب܇اھ܇وئ د܇و܇ وتس — 2 classes

› ! ܇دق܇م ڑب܇اھ܇وئ د܇و܇ وتس — part 1

› ! ܇دق܇م ڑب܇اھ܇وئ د܇و܇ وتس — part 2

• 9 9 ر܇ا܇د܇اھ رک܇ ننشپيل ܇܇ڈ܇ا܇رٹک رس܇ و — 4 classes

› 9 ر܇ا܇د܇اھ رک܇ ننشپيل ܇܇ڈ܇ا܇رٹک رس܇ و — part 1

› 9 ر܇ا܇د܇اھ رک܇ ننشپيل ܇܇ڈ܇ا܇رٹک رس܇ و — part 2

› 9 ر܇ا܇د܇اھ رک܇ ننشپيل ܇܇ڈ܇ا܇رٹک رس܇ و — part 3

› 9 ر܇ا܇د܇اھ رک܇ ننشپيل ܇܇ڈ܇ا܇رٹک رس܇ و — part 4

• 10 ܇ويچ܇ويٹن܇ں يک اطق܇ ر 10 — 3 classes

› ܇ويچ܇ويٹن܇ں يک اطق܇ ر 10 — part 1

› ܇ويچ܇ويٹن܇ں يک اطق܇ ر 10 — part 2

› ܇ويچ܇ويٹن܇ں يک اطق܇ ر 10 — part 3

• 11 11 ܇د܇و ولیب܇ں یک اہک܇ ین — 5 classes

› 11 ܇د܇و ولیب܇ں یک اہک܇ ین — part 1

› 11 ܇د܇و ولیب܇ں یک اہک܇ ین — part 2

› 11 ܇د܇و ولیب܇ں یک اہک܇ ین — part 3

› 11 ܇د܇و ولیب܇ں یک اہک܇ ین — part 4

› 11 ܇د܇و ولیب܇ں یک اہک܇ ین — part 5

• 12 مہام ܇ر܇ ے لیھک 12 — 5 classes

› مہام ܇ر܇ ے لیھک 12 — part 1

› مہام ܇ر܇ ے لیھک 12 — part 2

› مہام ܇ر܇ ے لیھک 12 — part 3

› مہام ܇ر܇ ے لیھک 12 — part 4

› مہام ܇ر܇ ے لیھک 12 — part 5

• 13 يئ ܇ ابي ܇܇اکلھج܇ ر 13 — 4 classes

› يئ ܇ ابي ܇܇اکلھج܇ ر 13 — part 1

› يئ ܇ ابي ܇܇اکلھج܇ ر 13 — part 2

› يئ ܇ ابي ܇܇اکلھج܇ ر 13 — part 3

› يئ ܇ ابي ܇܇اکلھج܇ ر 13 — part 4

• 14 یجول ܇ ِڈیجیلٹی انکیٹ 14 — 5 classes

› یجول ܇ ِڈیجیلٹی انکیٹ 14 — part 1

› یجول ܇ ِڈیجیلٹی انکیٹ 14 — part 2

› یجول ܇ ِڈیجیلٹی انکیٹ 14 — part 3

› یجول ܇ ِڈیجیلٹی انکیٹ 14 — part 4

› یجول ܇ ِڈیجیلٹی انکیٹ 14 — part 5

Vocational Education

7 chapters · 141 classes 100 marks

• 1 Work with Life Forms — 19 classes

› Work with Life Forms, and Project 1: Plant Nursery — What You Will Be Able to Do (Figure 1.1)

› What Plants Need Beyond Air, Sunlight, Water and Nutrients: Humidity and Optimal Temperature

› Why Plant Nurseries Exist, and the Printed Heading 'What Will I Be Able to Do?' (Did You Know: Thimmamma Marimanu, Figure 1.2)

› 'What Will I Need?' — Gardening Tools, Nursery Materials and Other Materials (Figure 1.3)

› 'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — The Seven Nursery Precautions and the Internet Safety Box

› 'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' — Types of Nursery, and Who to Invite if There Is None Nearby

› Activity 1: Visit to a Nearby Plant Nursery — The Six-Line Visit Record and the First Three Questions for the Expert

› Activity 1 Continued: Eight Questions on How a Nursery Keeps Plants Alive, and Table 1.1 (Figure 1.4)

› 'What Do I Have to Do?' — The Seven Steps of Growing Plants in a Nursery (Figure 1.5)

› Activity 2: Planning and Laying Out the Plant Nursery — Choosing the Site and Drawing the Layout (Figures 1.6, 1.7)

› Activity 3: Preparing the Land and Setting Up the Shade-net (Figures 1.8, 1.9, 1.10)

› Activity 4: Germinating Seeds — The Six-Step Germination Test and the Germination Percentage (Figure 1.11)

› Activity 5 and Method 1: Sowing Seeds on a Raised-bed Nursery (Figures 1.13, 1.14; Did You Know: Rahibai Soma Popere, Figure 1.12)

› Method 2: Sowing Seeds in Plug or Seedling Trays with Cocopeat (Figure 1.15)

› Method 3: Raising Plants Using Stem Cuttings — Softwood, Semi-hardwood and Hardwood (Figure 1.16)

› Activity 6: Watching Plants Grow — Keeping the Nursery Record in Table 1.2

› Activity 7: Calculating the Cost of Items and Materials (Table 1.3), and Digital Tools for the Nursery

› 'What Did I Learn from Others?' and 'What Did I Do and How Long Did It Take?' — The Reflection and the Activity Timeline

› 'What Else Can I Do?' and 'Think and Answer' — Extending the Project and Naming the Jobs Behind It

• 2 School Habitat Garden — 23 classes

› Project 2: School Habitat Garden — The Five Printed Outcomes (Figure 2.1)

› The Animals That Live Alongside Us, and What Habitat Loss Does to Them (Figures 2.2, 2.3)

› The Four Essentials of Every Habitat — Space, Shelter, Food and Water — and How They Differ Animal by Animal (Figures 2.4, 2.5)

› Sanctuaries and National Parks, What the Word 'Sanctuary' Means, and 'What Will I Be Able to Do?'

› 'What Will I Need?' — Gardening Tools, and the Non-plant Elements That Attract Animals

› 'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — Three Precautions About Animals, Internet Safety, and What to Know Before You Start

› Activity 1: Identifying Animals in and Around the School, and Table 2.1 (Figures 2.6, 2.7)

› Activity 2: Interaction with an Expert — Who Counts as an Expert, and the Three Printed Questions

› Tables 2.2 and 2.3: Recording What Animals Need, and How to Keep the Unwanted Ones Out, and 'What Do I Have to Do?'

› Did You Know: Fireflies, Light Pollution and the Farmer's Problem (Figure 2.8), and Identification Using Apps

› Activity 3: Identifying Natural Habitats — Where and When to Observe, and Table 2.4 (Figure 2.9 a, b, c)

› Activity 4: Identifying Needs of Animals — Table 2.5 for the House Sparrow, the Spider, Butterflies and Squirrels

› Did You Know: Dustbathing, Water Bathing and Mudpuddling (Figure 2.10)

› Activity 5: Designing the Habitat Garden — The Seven Printed Design Questions (Figure 2.11)

› Drawing the Layout Sketch, and Keeping the Unwanted Animals Out

› Mimicking Habitats: Nesting Boxes, Butterfly Puddles and Feeders, and Shelters for Beneficial Insects

› Activity 6: Creating the Habitat Garden — The Six Printed Steps, and the Non-plant Elements (Figures 2.12 to 2.16)

› A Self-sustaining Environment: Food Chain and Biodiversity in Your Own Garden (Figure 2.17)

› Activity 7: Observing the Occupants of the Habitat Garden — Table 2.6, and Why Patience Is Part of the Work

› Activity 8: Maintaining the Habitat Garden — The Maintenance Schedule in Table 2.7

› Activity 9: Showcasing Your Work for Kaushal Mela, and 'What Did I Learn from Others?'

› The Time-lapse Video, the Activity Timeline for Activities 1 to 9, and 'What Else Can I Do?'

› Think and Answer: The Six Closing Questions, and the Jobs Behind a Habitat Garden

• 3 Work with Machines and Materials — 26 classes

› Part 2: Work with Machines and Materials — The Projects on Offer, and the One-Project Rule

› Project 3: Tie and Dye — The Four Printed Outcomes (Figure 3.1)

› India's Textile Traditions, and Bandhani as a Resist Dye Technique (Figure 3.2)

› Madurai Sungudi, Batik, and the Ajanta Evidence — Why No Two Pieces Are Alike (Figures 3.3, 3.4)

› 'What Will I Be Able to Do?' and 'What Will I Need?' — Fabric, Tying Materials, Dyes and Fixers

› 'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — The Four Dye Precautions, the Tools List, and the Nakhli (Figure 3.5)

› 'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' — Reading the Bandhani Samples (Figure 3.6), and Leheriya and Shibori

› Who to Visit and Who to Invite, and Activity 1: Visit to a Shop (Figure 3.7)

› Table 3.1 and the Four Shop Questions, and What Else Tie and Dye Can Be Used For

› Activity 2: A Visit to a Tie and Dye Workshop — The Eight Printed Questions (Figure 3.8)

› Figure 3.9: The Eight-Step Tie and Dye Process Flow Chart

› 'What Do I Have to Do?' and Activity 3, Step 1: Preparing the Five Sample Fabrics (Figure 3.10, Table 3.2)

› Step 2: Tying the Fabric, and the Bandhani Tying Technique (Figure 3.11)

› Table 3.3: The Traditional Bandhani Patterns — Ekdali, Trikunti, Chaubandi and Satbandi

› The Shibori Tying Technique — Running Stitches, Gathering and the Firm Knot (Figure 3.12)

› The Leheriya Tying Technique — Accordion Pleats and Tying at Equal Intervals (Figure 3.13)

› Table 3.4: Recording Every Sample, and Step 3: Choosing the Ingredients for a Natural Dye

› Making Pink and Yellow Dye from Beetroot and Turmeric, and Why Heating Matters (Figures 3.14, 3.15)

› Table 3.5: Five More Plant Dyes, Passive Heating and Cold Water Dyes, and Table 3.6

› Figure 3.16: Dye, Dry and Untie; Table 3.7's Common Challenges; and Step 4: The Swatch File

› Activity 4, Step 1: Selecting the Product and the Fabric (Figures 3.17, 3.18)

› Step 2: Design Inspiration, Colour and Technique (Figures 3.19, 3.20), and Step 3: Tie and Dye the Product

› Table 3.8, Step 4: Untying and Pressing, Reverse Tie and Dye, and Activity 5: What Did You Invest?

› Table 3.9: Costing the Product, and 'What Did I Learn from Others?'

› The Activity Timeline, and 'What Else Can I Do?' — Ornamentation (Table 3.10)

› Think and Answer: The Journey of a Tie and Dye Product, and the Jobs Along It

• 4 AI Assistant — 24 classes

› Project 4: AI Assistant — The Four Printed Outcomes (Figure 4.1)

› What Intelligence Means, and How a Machine Learns to Recognise a Banyan Tree

› AI in Everyday Life, What AI Cannot Do, and 'What Will I Be Able to Do?'

› 'What Will I Need?' and 'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — Internet Safety and Sensitivity (Figure 4.2)

› 'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' and Activity 1: Human vs Machine — The Three Tasks

› Running the Speed, Guessing and Prediction Tests, and Filling Tables 4.1 and 4.2

› What the Tests Showed, and Activity 2: AI Can Listen (Did You Know: Prof. Stephen Hawking, Figure 4.3)

› AI Can See and Speak, and the Three Apps to Try: Google Lens, Photomath and Bhashini (Figure 4.4)

› Finding More Tools and Table 4.3, and Activity 3: Is AI Creative? (Figure 4.5)

› Writing Your Story, What an 'AI Prompt' Is, and Comparing the Two Versions

› Improving the Prompt, and AutoDraw: Where AI and You Help Each Other (Figures 4.6, 4.7)

› Activity 4: Preparing to Design Your Own AI Assistant — The Eight Categories

› Dividing the Work, What 'Data' Means, and Aisha's Mangoes (Table 4.4)

› Collecting Image Data the Way Aisha Does — Angles, Backgrounds, Brightness and Sizes (Figure 4.8)

› Table 4.5, and Activity 5: Teaching the Machine to Recognise Images

› Organising the Data into Named Folders, and Table 4.6 (Figure 4.9)

› Activity 6: Training for Recognition — The Three Teachable Machine Steps (Figure 4.10)

› Testing the Model Two Ways, Exporting It, and Table 4.7 (Figure 4.11)

› Activity 7: Testing and Improving — The Four Printed Questions

› Activity 8: Making the AI Assistant Interactive with MIT AI Raise Playground (Figure 4.12)

› Activity 9: Sharing with Others, 'What Did I Learn from Others?', and the Timeline for Activities 1 to 9

› 'What Else Can I Do?' — Training AI with Audio Data in Three Steps

› Think and Answer, What an 'Algorithm' Is, and Figure 4.13: Planning Your Project

› Completing the Algorithm for Your Own Project, and the Jobs Behind AI

• 5 Work in Human Services — 25 classes

› Part 3: Work in Human Services — The Projects on Offer, and the One-Project Rule

› Project 5: Storytime with Puppets — The Four Printed Outcomes (Figure 5.1)

› India's Storytelling Traditions, and What Makes a Puppet a Puppet (Figure 5.2)

› Puppetry, Its Advantages, and the Social Messages Puppets Carry (Did You Know: the Karanpura Puppet-headed Bull, Figure 5.3)

› 'What Will I Be Able to Do?' and 'What Will I Need?' — The Four Printed Material Groups

› 'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — The Four Precautions and Internet Safety

› 'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' and Activity 1: What Makes Stories Work?

› Activity 2: Watching a Puppet Show — What to Observe, and the Five Printed Questions

› 'What Do I Have to Do?' and Activity 3: Selecting or Writing a Story

› Table 5.1: The Key Elements of Your Story

› Activity 4: Writing a Script, and the Worked Script for 'Gopal and the Hilsa Fish' (Table 5.2)

› Table 5.3: The Script Template, and Activity 5: Character Sketch (Figure 5.4)

› Drawing a Puppet with Graph Paper (Figures 5.5, 5.6), and Planning Which Puppets to Make

› Activity 6: Making Puppets — Sock, Spoon and Fork, and Slipper or Shoe Puppets (Figures 5.7, 5.8)

› Ball, Vegetable, Leaf and Cardboard Puppets (Figures 5.9 to 5.13)

› Making Puppet Heads: The Nine Steps of Figure 5.14

› Painting the Face (Figure 5.16), Papier-mâché (Figure 5.15), and Making the Body (Figure 5.17)

› Movement (Figures 5.18, 5.19, 5.20), and Table 5.4: Planning Your Puppets

› Activity 7 and (a) Stage — Three Ways to Set One (Figures 5.21, 5.22, 5.23)

› (b) Backdrop (Figure 5.24) and (c) Props (Figure 5.25)

› (d) Voice, and (e) Sound and Music (Figure 5.26)

› (f) Light, and (g) Puppeteer — Why Your Face Must Stay Flat

› Activity 8: The Pre-show Checklist (Table 5.5), the Stage Sketch, and Table 5.6: The Cast

› Audience Feedback, 'What Did I Learn from Others?', and the Timeline for Activities 1 to 8

› 'What Else Can I Do?' and Think and Answer: The Five Closing Questions

• 6 Family Health Handbook — 23 classes

› Project 6: Family Health Handbook — The Five Printed Outcomes (Figure 6.1)

› What Family Health Means, and the Factors That Make It: Diet, Fitness, Sleep and Mental Well-being

› Why People Still Fall Ill, the Five Essential Factors, and 'What Will I Be Able to Do?'

› 'What Will I Need?' — The Handbook and the First-aid Materials, and the Five Safety Precautions

› 'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' and Activity 1: The Eight Factors Affecting Health

› Did You Know: What Health Experts Recommend on Diet, Sleep and Physical Fitness

› 'What Do I Have to Do?', Mental Well-being, and Activity 2: Framing Your Own Questions

› The Four Sample Questions, and Whom to Ask — ASHA and Anganwadi Workers

› Activity 3: Visit to a Hospital, PHC or CHC — What to Observe, the Record, and the Emergency Numbers (Figure 6.2)

› The Eight Printed Questions for the Doctors and Nurses

› Activity 4: Creating a First-aid Kit, and What First-aid Is For

› Figures 6.3, 6.4 and 6.5: Bandaging a Wound, Treating a Burn, and Making ORS

› The First-aid Kit Workshop: Its Format and Its Six-point Content (Figure 6.6)

› Activity 5: Factors Affecting Health at Different Ages, and the Six Age Groups

› Table 6.1: The Printed Health Questions on Diet, Fitness, Sleep and Mental Well-being

› Table 6.2: The Environmental Questions, and Measuring Noise and Air Quality

› Did You Know: Testing Drinking Water with the H2S Strip Test (Figure 6.7)

› Activity 6: Analysing the Data in Table 6.3, and Activity 7: Deciding Who Must Act

› Table 6.4, and Taking Action: Making a Soak Pit (Figures 6.8, 6.9)

› Activity 8: The Six Areas of Preventive Action, and the Malaria Box

› Table 6.5: The Action Tracker, and the Shloka from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad

› 'What Did I Learn from Others?', the Timeline, and 'What Else Can I Do?' (Figure 6.10)

› Think and Answer: The Five Closing Questions, and the Jobs in Health

• 7 Planning for Kaushal Mela — 1 class

› Planning

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Curriculum current at the date of issue.