English
Indian
Certificate CBSE Middle Stage

CBSE Class 7

10 Subjects
124 Chapters
1630 Lessons

LAPT — London Academy of Professional Training

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Subjects10
Chapters124
Classes1630

About This Class

A professional certification programme delivered through LAPT-accredited centres worldwide.

Subjects and Chapters

10 subjects • 124 chapters • 1630 classes

📘 Core Subjects (5)

01
Arts
20 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?gekr1=0-20
1 Understanding Emotions 12 classes
How Theatre Is Taught in Grade 7: Free Space, Circle Time, Brain Booster and Rubrics
Understanding Emotions Begins: Bharata's Verse, and the Bhava and Rasa You Learnt in Grade 6
Levels Inside One Rasa: Mild Anger, Very Angry, Rage
Activity 1.1: Emotional Corners - The Trial Round with Eight Rasa Placards
Emotional Corners in Full: Four Levels of Happiness, No-Voice Rounds and the Advanced Story Game
Exploring Expression Styles: The Same Emotion Shown Two Different Ways
Styles of Acting Across Cultures: Japan, India, Brecht Style and Method Acting
Natya Dharmi and Loka Dharmi: The Two Styles Bharata Muni Named
Activity 1.2: Pick Your Style! - Chits, Basic and Advanced Rounds, and the Natyashastra Stanza
Ancient Architecture: Navarasa Carved in Stone at Belur, Tanjavur and Elephanta
Dedication of a Lifetime: The Story of Jakanachari, and Activity 1.3: Find a Picture!
Key Takeaways - Theatre and Life, and the Chapter 1 Assessment Rubric
2 Say More without Speech — Mime 9 classes
What Mime Is: The Umbrella Told in Silence, and Marcel Marceau on the Language of Silence
Mukaabhinaya and the Words of Mime: Facial Expression, Energy, Body Language, Interactive and Pantomime
Activity 2.1: Holding an Imaginary Pencil Box - Full, Filled with Iron, and Empty
Two Rules Before You Begin: Use the Object, Never Become It, and Establish Its Size and Weight
Activity 2.2: Passing an Imaginary Object Round the Circle - Basic and Advanced Rounds
The Three Pillars of a Mime Show: Imagination, Exaggeration, Costume and Make-up
Black, White and Red: The Mime's Costume and Make-up, and Mime as a Universal Language for Equality
Activity 2.3: Group Mime - Taking Away the Sets, Then the Props
Make-up Magic: Create a Mime - Four Situations Drawn and Enacted, and the Chapter 2 Rubric
3 Let’s Design — Stage Technicals 2 14 classes
Backstage - The Invisible Pillar of Theatre: Roots, Foundations and What Backstage Really Means
The Four Backstage Departments During a Show: Set and Properties, Costume and Make-up, Music, Lighting
Before the Show and After the Show: The Full Backstage Checklist for Every Department
Fifteen to Eighteen People Backstage: Planning, Management and the Life Skills Theatre Teaches
Discipline and Commitment, and Two Masters of Backstage: V Rama Murthy and Tapas Sen
Theatre Skills in My Life, the History of Backstage (Poorvaranga Vidhi) and the Three Bells
Natya Gruha, Nepathya and the Mahavarinis; the Natyashastra Stanza on a Badly Planned Production; and the Green Room
Two Backstage Emergencies: The Injured Actor and the Stolen Bracelet
Script Writing - Write Right: Structure, and the Ramayana as Protagonist, Goal, Conflict and Resolution
Structure Applied to History, and Activity 3.2.1: Knowing Your Main Characters
The Character Arc and Supporting Characters: Activities 3.2.2 and 3.2.3
Scenes: Divisions That Mark a Change in Time, Place or Action
Write Your Own Script! The Step-by-Step Checklist to Draft 1
Key Takeaways - Backstage Makes the Magic Happen, and the Chapter 3 Rubric
4 Story of India’s Storytelling Tradition 8 classes
Meet Kathanjali: The Storyteller Who Has Lived for Thousands of Years
How Storytelling Began in Bharata, and What Changed in the 2nd Century BCE
Harikathe: Narada Muni, the Bhagavatar Community, and Gururajulu Naidu
Kaavad Katha: The Mango-Wood Picture Box of the Bhaats, and Kaavadiya Khojaram ji
Phad and Thangka, the Forms That Are Dying Out, and Circle Time
Become a Storyteller! Connecting Traditional Paintings into a Story of Your Own
Key Takeaways - Why an Oral Tradition Cannot Be Destroyed, and the Chapter 4 Rubric
Summative Assessment for the Theatre Section: The Individual and Group Activities and How They Are Judged
5 Making Music 8 classes
Nada: What the Sangita Ratnakara Says Musical Sound Is Made Of
Eight Musical Terms: Aadhara Shruti, Swara, Raga, Tala, Laya, Aroh, Avroh and Sargam
How the Music Course Works: Sur, Laya and Shabd, and the Competencies You Are Working Towards
Listening for Layers: Five Songs, and the Five Elements That Make Music
Activity 5.1: Exploring Songs - Filling the Template for Three Songs of Different Styles
Activity 5.2: Measure Your Accuracy, and Making Music Together - Harmony and Canon
Singing a Canon in Two Groups and in Four, and Music as Teamwork: the Ritvijs of the Shrauta-Yajna
The Five Bhaktis of Sama-gana, Activity 5.3: Chanting Shlokas in a Group, and the Chapter 5 Rubric
6 Music, Emotions and Creativity 6 classes
Music Carries Rasa: The Abhinaya Darpana on the Audience as a Wish-Fulfilling Tree
Devotional Music and the Shabad: Koi Boley Raam Raam, Sung in the Gurudwara
Lab Pe Aati Hai Dua, and Activity 6.1: The Emotion, the Language and the Words of a Devotional Song
Activity 6.2: Understanding a Phad Painting Through Music
Activity 6.3: Musical Narrative - Turning a History Lesson into a Song
Activity 6.4 Active Listening and Activity 6.5 Act It Out, and the Chapter 6 Rubric
7 Ragas and Talas/Taal 12 classes
The Natyashastra's Seven Notes, and How Sapta Swara Grew Out of Vedic Chanting
Carnatic Talas: The Seven Talas, the Three Angas, and the Dhruva and Matya Alankaras
Rupaka Tala Alankara, the Swarajati, and the Eight Beats of Adi Tala
Ra Ra Venu in Raga Bilahari: Reading the Heading, the Pallavi and the Anupallavi
Ra Ra Venu: Charanams 1 and 2
Ra Ra Venu: Charanams 3 and 4, and How to Practise the Whole Composition
Hindustani Music: Twelve Notes, the Samay Chakra, and Jhaptala, Rupak and Ektaal
Raga Bhairavi: The Sargam Geet in Ektaal, and the Raga's Full Description
Raga Bhairavi in Teentaal: The Chota Khayal 'Kaisi Ye Bhalai Re Kanhai'
Raga Bhairavi Tarana in Teentaal: Singing Syllables Instead of Words
Ustad Zakir Hussain, and Activity 7.1: Playing the Tabla
Chapter 7 Exercises: Talas, Angas and Scrambled Raga Names, and the Assessment Rubric
8 The Music of the People 11 classes
Lok Sangeet: The Music of and by the People, and Five Instruments to Name
A Bihu Geet by Bhupen Hazarika: What a Form Is, and the Spirit of Bohag Bihu
Activity 8.1: Learning and Presenting a Folk Song of Your Own Region
Unique Voices, and Activity 8.2: Four Unconventional Singers
Activity 8.3: A Lullaby from Your Family, and Activity 8.4: Qawwali and Who May Sing It
Women in Music: Mirabai and the Bhajan 'Payoji Maine', and Activity 8.5 on Lal Ded
Music and Social Reform: Annamacharya and 'Brahmam Okate'
Charankavi Mukunda Das and 'Baan Eshechey', and Activity 8.6: Voice for Change
Instruments and Regions: The Sangeet Ratnakar on Deshi Music, and Activity 8.7
Activity 8.8: Mapping Eighteen Instruments onto the Map of India
Activity 8.9: Know Your Musician, and the Chapter 8 Rubric
9 Performance 6 classes
Plan, Prepare, Perform: Activity 9.1 - Visualising the Performance
Activity 9.2: Building the Song List, and the Invocation 'Swagatham Shubha Swagatham'
Activity 9.3: A Folk Song from Another Tradition - the Odia Song of Chaita Paraba
Part B: Prepare - Activity 9.4, Rehearsal and Feedback
Activity 9.5: Production, Promotion and Support, and Activity 9.6: The Final Performance
The Chapter 9 Rubric and the Music Section's Summative Assessment
10 Dance and Sculpture 11 classes
The Vishnudharmottara Purana: Why Sculpture Cannot Be Understood Without Dance
How the Dance Course Works: Twelve Pedagogical Principles and Four Curricular Goals
The Dancing Body in Sculpture: King Vajra, Sage Markandeya and the Chain of Three Arts
Arms and Angles: Geometrical Shapes in Dance, and the Five Upper-Torso Postures
Activity 10.1: My Body in Various Shapes, and the Postures of the Lower Torso
Activity 10.2: Dancing Sculptures - Temples, Angles and Postures to Try
Asamyuta Hastas: The Twenty-Eight Single-Hand Gestures
Samyuta Hastas: The Twenty-Four Double-Hand Gestures
Activity 10.3: Hastas in Sculptures, and the Natyashastra Shloka on the Eight Rasas
The Nine Emotions in a Garden: From Sringara to Shanta
Activity 10.4: Matching Emotions with Our Chores, and the Chapter 10 Rubric
11 Dance Vocabulary and Techniques 12 classes
Nritta, Nritya and Natya: The Abhinaya Darpana's Three Definitions
Activity 11.1: The Foot Positions of Nritta, and Rhythms of Five, Six and Seven Beats
Five Beats as Two and Three: The Two Printed Step Combinations
Six Beats as Three and Three: The Two Printed Step Combinations
Seven Beats as Three and Four: The Two Printed Step Combinations
Nritya: The Abhinaya Darpana Shloka on Hand, Eye, Mind, Bhava and Rasa
Activity 11.2: Ten Samyuta Hastas and What Each One Is Used For
Activity 11.3: Speaking in Hastas - The Four Printed Phrases
From Phrases to Full Sentences, and Jumps, Utplavana, Pirouettes and Bhramaris
Activity 11.4: Four Jumps and Two Pirouettes
Animal Jumps and Spins, and Where They Live in Yakshagana, Kalbelia, Pung Cholom and Kathak
Activity 11.5: Six Dance Forms to Watch, Activity 11.6: Storytelling and Mookaabhinaya, and the Rubric
12 Dance, You and Creativity 6 classes
The Kati: Twisting, Side-to-Side and Back-and-Front Hip Movements
Circular Hip Movement, and Activity 12.1: Dance with Hip Movements
Beyond Boundaries: Men in Female Roles, and the Bhagavata Mela Natakam of Melattur
Ankiya Bhaona of Assam, and Activity 12.2: Character, Costume and Mask
Transition and Transformation: Rabindra Nritya and the Uday Shankar Style
Choreography from Stage to Screen, Activity 12.3: My Creative Dance, and the Chapter 12 Rubric
13 Personalities 2 classes
Shambhu Maharaj: Scion of the Lucknow Gharana of Kathak
Kedar Nath Sahu of Seraikella Chhau, Activity 13.1, and the Chapter 13 Rubric
14 Natya 7 classes
Natya: Storytelling Through Performance, and Grandma Begins the Story
The Story of Krishna and Kaliya, and Why Every Play Begins with a Salutation
The Salutation: Gajavadana Beduve of Purandara Dasa, Word by Word
The Benediction, and Activity 14.1: Choosing the Dance Elements
The Six Sections of the Natya, Music Selection and Choreography
Costumes and Props, Activity 14.2: Practise and Presentation, and the Chapter 14 Rubric
Summative Assessment for the Dance Section: The Individual and Group Tasks
15 Objects in Icons and Symbols 12 classes
The Chitrasutra on Painting: Foremost Among the Arts
How the Visual Arts Course Works: The Classroom, the Pedagogy and the Competencies
What an Icon Is, and What This Chapter Will Teach
Activity 15.1: Positive and Negative Space in Simple Icons
Create Stencils from Objects: The Six Printed Steps
Activity 15.2: One Object, Four Ways - Contour, Silhouette, Shading and Icon
Make a Contour: Observing, Measuring with a Pencil, and Drawing
Make a Silhouette, and Two Shading Techniques: Cross-Hatching and Stippling
Shading Step by Step, and Making the Icon of Your Object
Activity 15.3: Icons for Signages in Your School
Activity 15.4: Objects as Symbols - the Dharma Chakra and the Round Spectacles
Matching the Terminology, Peer Assessment, and the Chapter 15 Rubric
16 Nature’s Palette 4 classes
Nature’s Palette — part 1
Nature’s Palette — part 2
Nature’s Palette — part 3
Nature’s Palette — part 4
17 How You Feel 3 classes
How You Feel — part 1
How You Feel — part 2
How You Feel — part 3
18 Textiles and Traditions 7 classes
Motifs and Their Meanings: Parrot, Paisley, Peacock, Lines and Dots
Threading Stories: Dhaaga, Soodi and the Curtain That Spoke
The Curtain's Patchwork: Embroidery, Crochet, Tassels, Warp and Weft
Activity 18.1: Making a Fabric Journal
Activity 18.2: Nine Embroidery Traditions of India
Activity 18.3: The Basic Stitches, Step by Step
Activity 18.4: Your Own Textile Artwork, and the Chapter Assessment
19 The Art of Calligraphy 8 classes
Scripts That Carry a Language: From Brahmi to the Handwritten Constitution
What Calligraphy Is: Letters, Styles, and the Tools of the Art
Activity 19.1: Looking at Letters — The Rupee Symbol and the Logos
Activity 19.2: The Letter Hunt
Activity 19.3: Similar but Different — The Anatomy of a Letter
Activity 19.4: Writing Like We Speak
Activity 19.5: Calligraphy in Posters
The Chapter Assessment, and the Summative Assessment
20 Integration of All Art Forms — Sculptures Come Alive! 4 classes
Art as a Language, and Activity 20.1: Stories in Stone — Preparation
Story Creation: Building a Narrative from the Sculptures
Bringing the Story Alive: Visual Art, Movement, Dialogue and Music
Folk Storytelling, Rehearsal, Performance and Reflection
04
Mathematics
15 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?gegp2=0-7
1 Large Numbers Around Us 20 classes
1.1 A Lakh Varieties! — Eshwarappa's Seed Market, and the Pattern that Builds One Lakh
Figure it Out (Page 3) and Getting a Feel of Large Numbers: Statue of Unity, Kunchikal Waterfall and Somu's Building
Is One Lakh a Very Large Number? — Roxie's Three Reasons and Estu's Three Reasons
Reading and Writing Numbers: Where the Comma Goes, and Writing 3,00,600 to 70,53,138 in Words
1.2 Land of Tens: Thoughtful Thousands and Tedious Tens
Land of Tens: Handy Hundreds, and Whether It Can Show Numbers the Others Cannot
Creative Chitti: Many Ways to Make the Same Number, and Figure it Out (Page 6)
Systematic Sippy: The Fewest Button Clicks, and the Math Talk on Place Value Notation
1.3 Of Crores and Crores! — The Indian and the American Systems Side by Side
Figure it Out (Page 9): Reading 4050678 to 1020304050 in Both Systems, and Comparing with '<', '>' and '='
1.4 Exact and Approximate Values: When to Round Up and When to Round Down
Nearest Neighbours: The Five Neighbours of 6,72,85,183, and Roxie and Estu's Estimates
Populations of Cities: Reading the 2001 and 2011 Table by Approximation
1.5 Patterns in Products: A Multiplication Shortcut, and Figure it Out (Page 14)
How Long is the Product? — Digit Patterns, and How Many Digits a Product Can Have
Fascinating Facts about Large Numbers: Uncovering Facts by Multiplying and Dividing
1.6 Did You Ever Wonder…? — Could All of Mumbai Fit into One Lakh Buses?
Figure it Out (Pages 19–20): Questions 1 to 7 — Digit Puzzles and Calculator Clicks
Figure it Out (Pages 20–21): Questions 8 to 14 — Number Cards, Coins, Albatrosses and Bald Eagles
Summary, and the Toothpick Digits Activity
2 Arithmetic Expressions 22 classes
2.1 Simple Expressions: What an Arithmetic Expression Is, Its Value, and Example 1
Comparing Expressions, and Figure it Out (Page 2): Filling the Blanks and Ordering by Value
Examples 2 and 3: Raja and Joy's Marbles, and Comparing Without Calculating (Page 3)
2.2 Reading and Evaluating Complex Expressions: Shalini's Comma, and Why Purna Got 140
Brackets in Expressions: Example 5, and Why 100 − 15 + 56 Gives Irfan More Than He Paid
Terms in Expressions: Splitting at the '+' Sign, and Subtracting as Adding the Inverse
Completing the Table of Terms (Page 6), and Marking Every Expression as a Sum of Terms
Swapping and Grouping: Example 6's Drone, and the Commutative Property of Addition
Grouping Three Terms: (−7) + 10 + (−11) Added in Any Order, and the Associative Property
Evaluating 30 + 5 × 4 and 5 × (3 + 2) + 7 × 8 + 3, Manasa's Long List, and Socks Before Shoes
More Expressions and Their Terms: Example 7's Dosas and Tip, and Example 8's Fire in the Mountain
Examples 9, 10 and 11: Rice Packets, Paying ₹432, and Which Picture Matches 5 × 2 + 3
Figure it Out (Pages 11–12): Values by Terms, Stories for Expressions, and Three Situations
Removing Brackets — I: 200 − (40 + 3), and Examples 12, 13 and 14
Tinker the Terms I: What Happens to the Value When One Term Changes
Figure it Out (Pages 14–15): Questions 1 to 9 on Brackets, Terms and Jasoda's Strategy
Removing Brackets — II: Examples 15 and 16, and the Multiple of a Sum
Tinker the Terms II: Example 17's 63 × 18 from 53 × 18, and Example 18's 97 × 25 as (100 − 3) × 25
Figure it Out (Pages 18–19): The Distributive Property in Sixteen Blanks, Comparisons, and Making 14
Figure it Out (Pages 19–20): Mangoes in Begur, Binu's Savings, the Climbing Snail, and Melvin's Stories
Figure it Out (Pages 20–21): Different Ways to Evaluate, Comparing Pairs, and Spotting Equal Expressions
Summary, and the Expression Engineer Challenge
3 A Peek Beyond the Point 28 classes
3.1 The Need for Smaller Units: Sonu's Two Screws, and Measuring Them on the Scale
3.2 A Tenth Part: The Pencil of 3 4/10 Units, Reading Tenths, and Arranging Lengths in Increasing Order
Adding Tenths: Sonu's Arm Worked Three Ways, and the Honeybee's Total Length
Subtracting Tenths: Shylaja's Middle Finger, the Two Fish, and Six Sequences
3.3 A Hundredth Part: Folding the Paper, and Splitting Each Tenth into Ten
Reading Hundredths Three Ways, Filling the Markings, and Finding the Longest and Shortest
Adding 15 3/10 4/100 and 2 6/10 8/100 by Four Methods, Set Beside 483 + 268
Subtracting with Regrouping, Set Beside 653 − 268, and Figure it Out (Page 13)
3.4 Decimal Place Value: Why We Always Split into Ten, and the Ladder of Place Values
The Decimal System Named, and the 'How Big?' Math Talk
Notation, Writing and Reading: Why 705, 70.5 and 7.05 Need a Decimal Point
Reading Decimals Aloud, and the Place Value Table for Eight Quantities
23 Hundreds, 23 Tens, and Writing 234 Tenths in Decimal Form
3.5 Units of Measurement: Millimetres to Centimetres, and How Small Things Are
Centimetres to Metres, and More Small Creatures
Weight Conversion: Grams and Kilograms, and the 11.111 kg of Rice
Rupee and Paise Conversion, and Prices in the 1970s
3.6 Locating and Comparing Decimals: Putting 1.4 on the Number Line
There is Zero Dilemma! — Whether 0.2, 0.20 and 0.200 Are the Same
Magnifying the Number Line to Reach 4.185, and the Boxes a, b and c
Comparing 6.456 with 6.465 Digit by Digit
Closest Decimals, and Making a Number Close to 25 from 4, 1, 8, 2 and 5
3.7 Addition and Subtraction of Decimals: Priya's Cloth, and 75.345 + 86.691
Figure it Out (Page 30): Eight Sums and Eight Differences
Decimal Sequences, and Sonu's Claim About Estimating Sums and Differences
3.8 More on the Decimal System: Disasters, Deceptive Notation, and a Pinch of History
Figure it Out (Pages 33–34): Questions 1 to 8 — Fractions to Decimals, Number Lines and Word Problems
Figure it Out (Pages 34–35): Questions 9 to 16, and the Summary
4 Expressions using Letter-Numbers 25 classes
4.1 The Notion of Letter-Numbers: Example 1 — Shabnam, Aftab and Fig. 4.1
Example 2's Matchstick Ls (Fig. 4.2), and Example 3's Coconuts and Jaggery
Example 4: Perimeter as a Formula, and Figure it Out (Page 4) Questions 1 to 3
Figure it Out (Pages 4–5): Questions 4 to 7 — Flour Mill, Word Phrases and the Calendar Grid
4.2 Revisiting Arithmetic Expressions: Seven Expressions to Evaluate
4.3 Omission of the Multiplication Symbol: Why 4 × n Becomes 4n
Mind the Mistake, Mend the Mistake (Page 7): Nine Substitutions to Check
4.4 Simplification: The Perimeter of a Rectangle, from l + b + l + b to 2l + 2b
Example 5: Pencils and Erasers, and Why 5c + 3c + 10c Becomes 18c
Example 6 and the Split Rectangles: Like Terms and Unlike Terms
Example 7: Renting Chairs and Tables, and Opening a Bracket with a Minus
Example 8: Charu's Quiz Scores, and Comparing Them with Krishita's
Examples 9 and 10: Simplifying 4(x + y) − y, and Whether 5u Equals 5 + u
Example 11 and Figure it Out (Pages 13–14): Adding the Numbers in a Picture Several Ways
Figure it Out (Page 14): Question 2 — Simplifying Expressions in p and q, and in d and c
Mind the Mistake, Mend the Mistake (Pages 14–15): Eleven Simplifications to Correct
4.5 Pick Patterns and Reveal Relationships: The Formula Detective Machines
Example 12: Somjit's Saree Border, and Which Design Sits at Position 122
Patterns in a Calendar: Why Both Diagonal Sums of a 2 × 2 Square Are 2a + 8
The Plus-Shape Sum, and Showing It Is Always 5 Times the Centre
Matchstick Patterns: From 3 + 2 × (y − 1) to 2y + 1
Figure it Out (Pages 22–23): Questions 1 to 6 — Rotis, Flags, the Snail and the Local Train
Figure it Out (Page 23): Questions 7 to 10 — Simplifying, Adding and Subtracting Expressions
Figure it Out (Pages 23–24): Questions 11 to 14 — Rope, Matchsticks, Traffic Signal and Squares
Figure it Out (Page 25): Question 15's Four-Column Grid, and the Summary
5 Parallel and Intersecting Lines 19 classes
5.1 Across the Line: Folding Paper (Fig. 5.1), and the Four Angles at an Intersection (Fig. 5.2)
Activity 1, and the Proof that Vertically Opposite Angles Are Always Equal
Figure it Out (Page 3): The Linear Pairs and Vertically Opposite Angles of Fig. 5.3, and Measurements and Geometry
5.2 Perpendicular Lines (Fig. 5.4), and 5.3 Between Lines: Describing Fig. 5.5
Parallel Lines Defined, and Which Pairs Are Parallel in Fig. 5.6
5.4 Activity 2: Folding a Square Sheet, and the Pattern of Parallel Lines (Fig. 5.7)
The Second Folding Activity (Fig. 5.8), and the Notations for Parallel and Perpendicular (Fig. 5.9)
Figure it Out (Pages 8–9): Drawing Perpendiculars and Parallels on Dot Paper (Figs. 5.10 to 5.13)
5.5 Transversals: The Eight Angles of Fig. 5.14, and Why Only Four Are Distinct
5.6 Corresponding Angles, and Activity 3: Building a Pair of Parallel Lines (Figs. 5.15 to 5.18)
Activities 4 and 5: Tracing Corresponding Angles (Fig. 5.19), and Why Non-Parallel Lines Never Match (Fig. 5.20)
5.7 Drawing Parallel Lines with a Set Square (Figs. 5.21 and 5.22), and the Line Through A (Fig. 5.23)
Making Parallel Lines through Paper Folding (Fig. 5.24), and Why l and m Must Be Parallel
5.8 Alternate Angles (Fig. 5.25), and Activity 6: Proving Alternate Angles Equal
Examples 1 and 2: All Eight Angles from One (Fig. 5.26), and Testing Whether Lines Are Parallel (Fig. 5.27)
Examples 3 and 4: Interior Angles on the Same Side (Fig. 5.28), and the Figure ABCD (Fig. 5.29)
Figure it Out (Pages 18–19): Finding the Marked Angles in Figs. 5.30, 5.31 and 5.32
Figure it Out (Pages 19–20): Questions 4, 5 and 6 — Figs. 5.33, 5.34 and 5.35
5.9 Parallel Illusions, and the Summary
6 Number Play 20 classes
6.1 Numbers Tell us Things: The Rule Behind the Numbers the Children Call Out
Figure it Out (Page 2): Building Height Arrangements, and Six Statements to Judge
6.2 Picking Parity: Kishor's Puzzle, and Why Adding Even Numbers Gives an Even Number
Odd Numbers Cannot Be Paired, and Why Kishor's Five Cards Can Never Make 30
Martin and Maria's Ages, and the Word Parity
Figure it Out (Page 5): Parities of Sums, Lakpa's Coins, and the Parity of Differences
Small Squares in Grids: The Parity of a Product Without Multiplying
Parity of Expressions: 3n + 4, and Expressions That Are Always Even or Always Odd
The nth Even Number and the nth Odd Number: 2n and 2n − 1
6.3 Some Explorations in Grids: Row and Column Sums, and Why They Total 45
The Magic Square Defined, and Observation 1: the Magic Sum Must Be 15
Observations 2 and 3: Why 5 Sits at the Centre, and Why 1 and 9 Never Sit in a Corner
Figure it Out (Page 10): How Many Magic Squares, and What Happens When Every Number Changes
Generalising a 3 × 3 Magic Square with the Centre Number m, and Figure it Out (Page 11)
The Chautīsā Yantra at Khajuraho, and Magic Squares in History and Culture
6.4 The Virahāṅka–Fibonacci Numbers: Counting Rhythms of Short and Long Syllables
Virahāṅka's Method, the Scholars Who Followed Him, and the Sequence in Nature
6.5 Digits in Disguise: Solving Cryptarithms
Figure it Out (Pages 17–18): Questions 1 to 6 — Dorjee's Bulb, Liswini's Pages and the Parity Grid
Figure it Out (Page 18): Questions 7 to 11, and the Summary
7 A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines 13 classes
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 1
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 2
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 3
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 4
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 5
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 6
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 7
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 8
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 9
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 10
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 11
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 12
A Tale of Three Intersecting Lines — part 13
8 Working with Fractions 13 classes
Working with Fractions — part 1
Working with Fractions — part 2
Working with Fractions — part 3
Working with Fractions — part 4
Working with Fractions — part 5
Working with Fractions — part 6
Working with Fractions — part 7
Working with Fractions — part 8
Working with Fractions — part 9
Working with Fractions — part 10
Working with Fractions — part 11
Working with Fractions — part 12
Working with Fractions — part 13
1 Geometric Twins 14 classes
1.1 Geometric Twins: Copying the Signboard Symbol, and What Congruent Means
Figure it Out: Checking Congruence of Circles, Rectangles and Matching Pairs (Questions 1 to 4)
1.2 Congruence of Triangles: Measuring the Sidelengths and the SSS Condition
Conventions to Express Congruence: the Correspondence of Vertices, and the Rectangle of Fig. 1.1
Figure it Out: Naming Congruences and Proving Them, Questions 1 to 4
Measuring the Angles, and Two Sides with the Included Angle: Why AAA Fails and SAS Works
Measuring Two Sides and a Non-included Angle: Constructing Triangles PQR and PQS, and Why SSA Fails
Two Angles and the Included Side: the ASA Condition, and the Midpoint Figure with O
Figure it Out: Congruence from SAS, ASA and Parallel Lines, Questions 1 to 4
Measuring Two Angles and a Non-Included Side: Fig. 1.2 and the AAS Condition
Measuring Two Sides in a Right Triangle: the RHS Condition, and the Five Sufficient Conditions
1.3 Angles of Isosceles and Equilateral Triangles: Why Equal Sides Give Equal Angles
Congruent Triangles in Real Life, and Figure it Out: Questions 1 to 6
Summary of Geometric Twins, and the Expression Engineer! Puzzle
2 Operations with Integers 22 classes
2.1 A Quick Recap of Integers - Rakesh's Puzzle: Two Numbers from Their Sum and Difference
Figure it Out: Six More Sum-and-Difference Pairs, and the Partner Game
Carrom Coin Integers: Strikes Right and Left, the Number Line Model and P = a + b
Magnitude and Direction, and Try This: Reading a, b and P from the Arrow Diagrams
The Token Model Recalled: Zero Pairs, (+7) minus (+18), and the Math Talk on Additive Inverses
2.2 Multiplication of Integers with Tokens: Putting In, and Taking Out of an Empty Bag
Figure it Out: Token Products, the 123 x 456 Shortcut, and Framing the Rule
Patterns in Integer Multiplication: Stepping the Multiplier Down Past Zero
Figure it Out: Six Products, and the Rules 1 x a = a and (minus 1) x a = minus a
Swapping the Multiplier and the Multiplicand: Integer Multiplication is Commutative
Brahmagupta's Rules of Fortune and Debt, and Example 1: Mala's Exam Marks
Example 2: The Mining Shaft Elevator, Worked by Method 1 and Method 2
A Magic Grid of Integers: Playing the Try This Game and Finding Why the Product Never Changes
Division of Integers: Turning a Division into a Missing Multiplier, and the Three Rules
Figure it Out: The Freezing Room, the Cement Company, and the Missing Integers
Expressions Using Integers: Integer Multiplication is Associative, and the Order Never Matters
Multiplying minus 1 Many Times, and the Distributive Property Shown with a Rectangle of Tokens
Pick the Pattern: Finding the Operations Done by Machine 1 and Machine 2
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Expressions, Quotients, Multiplying by minus 1 and the Modified Collatz Rule
Figure it Out Questions 6 to 10: Marks in a Test, a Machine, Falling Temperature, Consecutive Numbers and the Pibs Currency
Figure it Out Questions 11 to 16: Mixed Operations, Increasing Order, Shortcuts and Open-Ended Fill-ins
Summary of Operations with Integers, the Multiplication Grid, and the Game of Terhuchu
3 Finding Common Ground 20 classes
3.1 The Greatest of All: Sameeksha's Floor Tiles and the Largest Square That Fits
Lekhana's Rice Bags, the Meaning of HCF and GCD, and Try This: the Jump Jackpot Game
Primes and Prime Factorisation, and the Division Method
Factors of a Number from its Prime Factorisation: 840 and 225
Figure it Out: Listing All the Factors, and Why Anshu's Conjecture is False
Finding the HCF Using Prime Factorisation: Examples 1, 2 and 3
Figure it Out: Common Factors and the HCF of Five Pairs
Finding the HCF Directly: Examples 4 and 5, and Figure it Out Questions 1 and 2
3.2 Least, but not Last! Anshu and Guna's Torans, Kabamai's Gajak, and the Meaning of LCM
Try This: the Idli-Vada Game, and Why Every Multiple Carries the Number's Prime Factors
Building the LCM from Prime Factors: Examples 6 and 7, and Figure it Out
3.3 Patterns, Properties, and a Pretty Procedure: When the HCF is One of the Numbers
Figure it Out: General Statements about HCF and LCM for Consecutive, Even and Co-prime Numbers
Math Talk: Doubling Both Numbers, and the HCF of Two Multiples of 14
Efficient Procedures: One Ladder that Gives the HCF and the LCM Together
Guna's and Anshu's Shortcuts: Dividing by a Big Common Factor in One Step
The Property Linking HCF and LCM: Product of the Two Numbers = HCF times LCM
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 6: Blue Stars, Multiples and Factors, the Cowherd's Cows and Packing Cubes
Figure it Out Questions 7 to 13: Fire in the Mountain, the Dog and the Rabbit, and Mahaviracharya's Sum
Summary of Finding Common Ground, and the Mystery Colours Page
4 Another Peek Beyond the Point 26 classes
4.1 A Quick Recap of Decimals: Jonali and Pallabi's Game, and the Spice Weights
Math Talk: Fractions as Sums of Tenths and Hundredths, and a Rule for Dividing by 10, 100 and 1000
4.2 Decimal Multiplication: Example 1, the Five Pens, and Example 2, the Car and the Petrol
Example 3, Ajay's Walk to School, and Example 4, the Area of the Rectangle
Counting the Decimal Places: the Rule for Multiplying Two Decimals, and Example 5
Is the Product Always Greater than the Numbers Multiplied? The Three Situations
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Products in Tenths and Hundredths, Cloth, Notebooks and Coins
Figure it Out Questions 6 to 10: Oranges, Profit, the 18 x 12 Family, and Multiplying by 10, 100 and 1000
4.3 Decimal Division: Example 6, Anuja's Ribbon, and the Rule for Dividing by 10, 100 and 1000
Example 7: Sharing 29 Metres of Ribbon between Two Friends and between Four
Division Using Place Value: Example 8, 1324 divided by 4, Regrouped Step by Step
Division with a Decimal Quotient: 1325 divided by 4, Regrouping Ones into Tenths
Example 9: 237 divided by 8, Carried Down to Thousandths
Division with a Decimal Dividend: Example 10, the Sugar Bags, and Example 11
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 4: Equivalent Fractions, Long Division and the Moving Decimal Point
Division with a Decimal Divisor: Example 12, Ravi's Average Speed, and Example 13
Does This Ever End? 10 divided by 3, and the Repeating Chain in 1 divided by 7
A Magic Number, 142857, and the Relationship between Dividend, Divisor and Quotient
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5, and the Math Talk on Powers of 2 and Powers of 5
Figure it Out Questions 6 to 10: the Wooden Block, the Polygon, the Juice and the Flour
4.4 Look Before You Leap! The Earth's 365.2422 Days and the First Adjustment
Making Another Adjustment: No Extra Day in the Hundredth Year
Making Yet Another Adjustment: Every 400th Year, and the Try This on 10,000 Years
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Chikki and Chips, the Number Line, Bananas, the Bookshelf and Unit Conversions
Figure it Out Questions 6 to 11: Sridharacharya's Problem, the 756 divided by 36 Family, and Sorting Expressions
Summary of Another Peek Beyond the Point, and the Hidato Puzzles
5 Connecting the Dots 27 classes
5.1 Of Questions and Statements: Statistical Statements and Statistical Questions
5.2 Representative Values: Shubman and Yashasvi, and the Meaning of Average
Average as Fair-Share: Guavas, Hibiscus Flowers, and the Ancient Indian Names for the Mean
Figure it Out: Bouncing a Ball, Flowering Plants, Running Times and School Enrolment
Know Your Onions! Five Ways of Comparing Two Tables of Prices
The Dot Plot: What It Shows, and What It Loses
What Data Makes You Wonder, and Averages Around Us
Outliers and Medians: the Heights of Yaangba's and Poovizhi's Families
Are You a Bookworm? Mean, Median, and an Outlier at the High End
Are We on the Same Page? Newspaper Pages, and Measures of Central Tendency
Of Ends and the Essence: How Tall is Your Class, and How Long is a Minute
Zero Median Runs, Zero versus No Value, and Sita's Mango Tree
A Mean Foot, and Figure it Out Questions 1 to 3
Figure it Out Questions 4 to 7: Water Usage, Newborn Weights, Another Section, Sumo and Ballet
5.3 Visualising Data: Clubbing the Columns into a Double Column Graph
Take Off! Reading the Rocket Launch Graph in Two Steps
Justifying Statements from the Rocket Graph, and Estimating the 2023 Total
Summer and Winter at the Same Time: Daylight Hours in Helsinki and Wellington
All it Takes is a Minute: Reading a Cricket Match from a Runs-per-Over Graph
Figure it Out Question 1: Reading the Animal Speed Infographic
Figure it Out Questions 2 to 4: Superpowers, Jodhpur Temperatures and Electric Vehicles
5.4 Data Detective: Telling Tall Tales across Two Schools
The Height Table from 1989 to 2019, and Six Statements to Justify
Growth Spurts, Estimates for 2029, and Heights around the World
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 4: Pockets, Points per Game, Quiz Marks and Favourite Sports
Figure it Out Questions 5 to 9: Splitting a Class, Two Sections, Skyscrapers and Estimating Lengths
Figure it Out Questions 10 to 13, the Summary, and the Connect the Dots Number Lock
6 Constructions and Tilings 23 classes
6.1 Geometric Constructions: The Eyes Design and the Supporting Line XY
Bisection and the Perpendicular Bisector: Proving AB Bisects XY at Right Angles
Eyes of Different Shapes, and Why Every Equidistant Point Lies on the Bisector
Construction of the Perpendicular Bisector with Ruler and Compass
Figure it Out: Changing the Radii, the Same Side, and a Design to Recreate
Construction of a 90 Degree Angle at a Given Point on a Line
Construction Methods in the Sulba-Sutras: the Perpendicular Bisector with a Rope
Angle Bisection for a Design: Fig. 6.5, the 45 Degree Angle, and the General Method
Figure it Out: Bisectors, the Eight-Petalled Figure, 65.5 Degrees, and a Rope Bisector
Repeating Units and Repeating Angles: Fig. 6.6 and the Need to Copy an Angle
Steps of Construction to Copy an Angle, and Figure it Out
Construction of a Line Parallel to a Given Line, and Figure it Out
Arch Designs: Constructing the Trefoil Arch from its Support Lines
A Pointed Arch: Wavy Wave Support Lines, Fig. 6.11, and Figure it Out
Regular Hexagons from Six Equilateral Triangles, and the 360 Degree Gap Argument
Construction of a 60 Degree Angle, and a Regular Hexagon of Side 5 cm
Related Constructions: 30 and 15 Degree Angles, and the 6-Pointed Star
Figure it Out: The Inflexed Arc, the Optical Illusion, and a Perpendicular from an Outside Point
6.2 Tiling: Tangrams, the Seven Pieces, and the Figures to Rearrange
Tiling a Grid with 2 x 1 Tiles: the 4 x 6, 4 x 7 and 5 x 7 Grids
Removing a Square, Fig. 6.13, and the Black-and-White Colouring Argument
Figure it Out: Two Tiling Questions to Decide
Tiling the Entire Plane: Squares, Triangles, Hexagons, Escher, Bees, and the Summary
7 Finding the Unknown 25 classes
7.1 Find the Unknowns: Unknown Weights on the Balance, Figs. 7.1 to 7.8
The Sacks: Figs. 7.9 to 7.12, and Removing Equal Weights from Both Plates
The Matchstick Pattern, 2n + 1 = 99, and What an Equation Is
Framing Equations for the Weighing Scale Figures
7.2 Solving Equations Systematically: Trial and Error, and Doing the Same to Both Sides
Inverse Operations: Examples 1 to 4 on Removing a Term or a Factor
Solving 5x minus 4 = 7, Checking the Answer, and Examples 5 and 6
Figure it Out: Five Equations to Solve, and an Equation with No Solution
A Shorter Way of Writing the Steps, and the Three Observations
Solving Problems: Example 7, Ranjana's Square Tiles and the Expression 3k + 1
Example 8: Madhubanti's Party, Solved Three Different Ways
Example 9: Jahnavi and Sunita's Savings, and Equations with the Unknown on Both Sides
Example 10: Three Ways to Solve 28(x + 4) + 300 = 1000
Example 11: Riyaz's Maths Trick, Modelled with an Unknown
Example 12: Ramesh and Suresh's Marbles, Two Unknowns Reduced to One
Generating Equations: Chains of Equations, and Example 13
Figure it Out: Writing Equations, Finding Unknowns, the 3-Digit Number, the Brick and the Giraffe's Cousin
7.3 Mind the Mistake, Mend the Mistake: Nine Solutions to Check
7.4 A Pinch of History: Bijaganita, Brahmagupta, Al-Khwarizmi and the Word Algebra
Example 16: Bhaskaracharya's Horses, and Brahmagupta's Formula for Ax + B = Cx + D
Figure it Out Questions 1 to 5: Filling Blanks, Ranju's Notes, the Hidden Dots and the Machines
Figure it Out Questions 6 to 12: the Taxi, the Window Grill, the Milkshakes and the Triangles
Figure it Out Questions 13 to 18: the Bakhshali Manuscript, the Giraffe, the Stick Sequences and Eight Equations
Figure it Out Questions 19 and 20: The Equation Maze, and the Children and Donkeys
Summary of Finding the Unknown, the Magic Trick, and the Tangram Sheet
05
Physical Education and Well Being
6 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?geky1=0-6
1 Foundational Basis of Physical Education and Well-being 14 classes
IPE-1 The Ball Progression Game: Marking the 20 by 10 Court and Passing Along the Markers
IPE-1 Circle Time - Feel the Muscle: Naming the Muscles That Tighten When You Throw
IPE-2 Ghorpadiche Shepoot: Forming the Ghorpad and Chasing Head to Tail
IPE-2 Circle Time - Working Together: The Centipede's Legs and Tanaji Malusare's Ghorpad
IPE-3 Nalugu Rallu Ata: Drawing the Court, the Four Stones and the Denner
IPE-3 Gumpu or Chuttu, and Circle Time - Growing Mentally Strong
IPE-4 Gidhada Gudkavan: The Hawk, the Mother Hen and the Chain of Chickens
IPE-4 How the Chase Ends, and Circle Time - Working for Each Other
IPE-5 Stand Up, Speak Out: Kho-Kho with Four Secret Roles
IPE-5 Circle Time - Treating Each Other Well: The Book's Four Questions on Bullying
IPE-6 Harassment Prevention Skit: Building the Scenarios and Acting Them Out
IPE-6 The Law and the Teacher's Safety Rules: Good Touch, Bad Touch and Where to Report
Self-Assessment: Safety on the Ground, Caring Attitude and Understanding Bullying
Self-Assessment: Understanding Harassment and Emotion Control
2 Physical Motor Fitness 24 classes
MF-1 Set It Up, Knock It Down: Marking the Area and Flipping the Markers
MF-1 Two Minutes, Counting the Flips, and Circle Time - Personal Goal
MF-2 Dhaan Ki Bori: The Carrier, the Rider and the Race Back
MF-2 Circle Time - Your Own Body Weight as Resistance: Working Against Gravity
MF-3 Caterpillar Race: Sitting in Line and Holding the Ankles Behind You
MF-3 Pushing and Pulling Together, and Circle Time - Working with Others
MF-4 Count and Connect Game: Moving on Command and Forming the Called Number
MF-4 Circle Time - Types of Resistance: Naming the Force You Move Against
MF-5 Skipping Race: The Relay Over 20 to 40 Metres
MF-5 Circle Time - Good Technique and Form: Why the Easiest Skipper Is the Fastest
MF-6 Atya-patya: The Nine Lanes, the Runners and the Defenders
MF-6 Being Tagged, Switching Roles and the Four Innings of Seven Minutes
MF-6 Circle Time - Prerequisite Skills That Decide the Game
MF-7 Food for Health: Macronutrients Chasing Their Sources
The Five Food Groups: How Much Grain, Vegetables, Fruit, Milk and Protein Every Day
MF-7 Food Antakshari and Circle Time - Make Your Own Plate
MF-8 Dapo Nyarka Sunam: Bamboo Wrestling and the Push Out of the Circle
MF-8 Circle Time - Feeling the Different Muscles, and the 630 Muscles of the Body
MF-9 Madhu and Manu: The Masked Call and the Race to the Goal Line
MF-9 Four Variations of the Call, and Circle Time - Agility
MF-10 Skipping Song: A Step and a Hop, and the Uneven Rhythm of a Skip
MF-10 Circle Time - Cardiovascular Endurance: Why You Could Keep Going When Tired
Assessment: Baseline and Goal for Agility, Cardiovascular Endurance and Strength
Assessment: Plank, Sit-and-Reach, the 50-Metre Sprint and Reflection and Progress
3 Fundamental Skills of Badminton 28 classes
FSA-1 The Forehand Grip: Holding the Racket Like a Handshake
FSA-1 The Air Toss Drill: Five Taps and Back to Your Partner
FSA-2 The Backhand Grip: The Thumb Against the Back of the Handle
FSA-2 Backhand Air Toss, and Circle Time - Comparing the Two Grips
FSA-3 Footwork Skills: The Chasse Step and How It Moves You Round the Court
FSA-3 The Six-Bucket Drill, and Circle Time - Reaction Time Through Footwork
FSA-4 The Backhand Low Serve: The Service Court, the Net and the Gentle Push
FSA-4 Landing the Serve in the Arch, and Circle Time - The Service Rules
FSA-5 The Backhand Lift: Turning a Low Shuttlecock into a Deep One
FSA-5 The Feeder and Lifter Drill, and Circle Time - Identify the Mistakes
FSA-6 The Forehand Lift: Lifting High and Far to Buy Time
FSA-6 Forehand Lift Practice, and Circle Time - The Right Technique
FSA-7 The Forehand High Serve: Sending the Shuttlecock High and Deep
FSA-7 The Serve Over the Raised Racket, and Circle Time - The Flight of the Shuttlecock
FSA-8 The Forehand Low Serve: Weight on the Rear Leg, Then Forward
FSA-8 Serving Into the Bucket, and Circle Time - Placing the Service Accurately
FSA-9 The Forehand Drive: A Flat Attacking Shot Over the Net
FSA-9 Driving Flat and Straight, and Circle Time - How Fast and Which Way
FSA-10 The Backhand Drive: Turning the Non-Racket Shoulder to the Shuttle
FSA-10 Hitting at the Highest Point, and Circle Time - Keeping the Shuttlecock Parallel to the Ground
FSA-11 The Forehand Clear: Five Numbered Steps to the Back of the Court
FSA-11 The Two-Corner Clear Drill, and Circle Time - Predicting the Shuttlecock's Path
FSA-12 The Forehand Drop: The Gentle Shot That Lands Near the Net
FSA-12 Ten Drops From a High Serve, and Circle Time - Taking Force Off the Shuttlecock
FSA-13 The Badminton Match: Rally Scoring to Five Points
Complete the Task: Marking the Badminton Court and Finding Its Rules
Teacher-Assessment: The Five Levels of Serving and Lifting
Teacher-Assessment: The Drive Scale and the Understanding-Distress Scale
4 Fundamental Skills of Football 29 classes
FSB-1 Kicking with the Inside of the Foot: The Approach and the Locked Ankle
FSB-1 Locking the Ankle, the Follow Through, and the Instep Rally
FSB-2 Receiving the Ball: Facing the Pass and Widening the Body
FSB-2 Cushioning the Ball, and the Five-Metre Receiving Rally
FSB-3 Passing the Rolling Ball: The Approach and Looking Up
FSB-3 Striking a Moving Ball: The Right Foot, the Right Moment, the Right Angle
FSB-3 Drill Under Pressure, the Follow Through, and Circle Time on Behaviour and Safety
FSB-4 Step Trapping: Getting Behind the Line of the Incoming Ball
FSB-4 Trapping a Low Bounce, the 30-Inch Box Drill, and Circle Time - Personal Goal
FSB-5 Dribble: A Low Centre of Gravity and Short, Gentle Touches
FSB-5 Using Both Feet, the Follow Through, and Planning the Next Action
FSB-5 The Cone Dribbling Drill, and Circle Time - How to Move Quickly
FSB-6 Feinting: Selling a Movement You Do Not Intend to Make
FSB-6 Pushing Off the Planted Foot, the Mirror Drill, and Circle Time on Reading an Opponent
FSB-7 Kicking the Ball for Accuracy: The Three Circles and the Marker
FSB-7 Circle Time - What Made the Kick Accurate: Instep, Balance, Focus and Footwork
FSB-8 Passing the Ball in the Air: Aligning With the Flight and Striking the Lower Half
FSB-8 Instep or Inside, the Follow Through, and the Stump Drill
FSB-9 Pass and Move Relay Drill: The Short Pass and the Return
FSB-10 Interception: Reading the Pass Before It Is Made
FSB-10 The Passing Circle Drill, and Person-to-Person Marking
FSB-11 Front Block Tackling: Winning the Ball Without Fouling
FSB-11 Balance in the Tackle, the Foot-on-Ball Drill, and Circle Time on Preventing Injury
FSB-12 Goal Keeping: The W Position and the Basket
FSB-12 Absorbing the Shot, Securing the Ball, and the Zigzag Catching Drill
FSB-13 The 5-a-side Match: Thirty by Forty Yards and Five Minutes a Game
FSB-13 Circle Time on the Goal Scorer, and the Task of Marking the Football Ground
Teacher-Assessment: Passing and Receiving While Looking at the Partner, and Dribbling
Teacher-Assessment: Goalkeeping and Understanding Self-Distress
5 Fundamental Skills of Kabaddi 27 classes
KB-1 Raiding Footwork: The Stance a Raider Starts From
KB-1 Execution and Follow Through: Moving With Purpose and Turning for the Midline
KB-1 Three Types of Raid, the Block Shuttle Drill and Circle Time on Anticipation
KB-2 Hand Touch: The Stance and the Free Executing Hand
KB-2 The Four Hand Variations, the Chest-Number Drill and Circle Time on Reaction Time
KB-3 Toe Touch: Five Types and the Crouching Approach
The Baulk Line: The Line a Raid Must Cross to Count
KB-3 Executing the Toe Touch, the Four Shapes Drill and Circle Time on Eye-Foot Coordination
KB-4 The Kick: Stance and the Straight-Leg Execution
KB-4 Follow Through, the Three Kick Variations and the Extended-Arm Relay
Defensive Positions: Corners, Centre, Ins and Covers
KB-5 Ankle-hold: Body Position and Reading the Raider's Foot
KB-5 Executing the Ankle-hold, Lifting the Raider, and the Defended Shapes Drill
KB-6 Thigh-hold: The Optimum Diagonal Stance
KB-6 The Approach: Shoulders in Line With the Raider's Hip Joint
KB-6 The Elbow Grip, the Follow Through and the Lifting Relay
KB-7 Knee-hold: The Second Supporter's Tactic and Its Stance
KB-7 Approach, the Three Grips and the Pull to the End Line
KB-7 The Restricted Game: Hand Touch Against Knee-hold Only
KB-8 Wrist-hold: Two Types and the Cupped Palm Approach
KB-8 Taking the Grip, the Pulling Drill and Circle Time on Matching Defence to Attack
KB-9 Waist-hold: Covering the Raider's Outer Shoulder From Behind
KB-9 The Grip, Four Follow-Through Choices and the Train Game
KB-10 Chain-hold: Forming the Chain, the Approach and the Wide Stance
KB-10 The Two Follow-Through Methods, the Elbow-Lock Contest and Safety in the Chain
Complete the Task: Marking the Kabaddi Court and Finding Its Rules
Teacher-Assessment: Touch, the Leg Holds, the Upper-Body Holds and Self-Distress
6 Yoga 66 classes
About Yoga: The Root 'Yuj', and the Four Ways Yoga Makes Us Grow
Beginning and Ending a Yoga Session: Sukhasana, Chin Mudra and the Chant of Om
The Opening and Closing Prayers, and What They Mean
Yoga for Daily Life: 'Yoga is Skill in Action' and Sri Aurobindo's Tree
Pancha Kosha: The Five Layers, and Annamaya Kosha the Physical Sheath
Pranamaya, Manomaya and Vijnanamaya Koshas: Energy, Mind and Wisdom
Anandamaya Kosha, and the Eight Limbs of Ashtanga Yoga
Activity: My Daily Yoga Plan to Strengthen the Panchakosha, and Yama
The Five Yamas, the Five Niyamas and Ishwara Pranidhana
A Journey of Oneness: Guru Nanak, and the Activity on Rituals
Yoga Sadhana: The Four General Guidelines for Practising Yoga
The Nine Asana Guidelines: What to Do Before, During and After
Pranayama Guidelines, and What Sukshma Vyayama Is
The Five Sukshma Vyayama Practices Named for This Grade
Practice 1: Anguli Shakti Vikasaka, Step by Step
Shithalikarana Vyayama: The Four Loosening Practices of This Grade
Shithalikarana Practice 1: Forward-Backward Bending, Step by Step
Surya Namaskara: Why We Greet the Sun, and the First Five Benefits
The Remaining Benefits, the Limitation, and Step 1: Pranamasana
Surya Namaskara Steps 2, 3 and 4: Hasta Utthanasana, Padahastasana and Ashwa Sanchalanasana
Surya Namaskara Steps 5, 6 and 7: Dandasana, Ashtanga Namaskara and Bhujangasana
Surya Namaskara Steps 8, 9 and 10: Parvatasana, Ashwasanchalanasana and Padahastasana
Surya Namaskara Steps 11 and 12: Coming Back to Pranamasana
Asana: The Third Limb, and the Five Postures of This Grade
Utkatasana: The Chair Posture, Step by Step
Gomukhasana: The Cow's Face Posture, Step by Step
Dhanurasana: The Bow Posture, Step by Step
Sarvangasana: The Shoulder Stand, All Eight Steps
Sarvangasana's Benefits and Limitations, and Matsyasana Introduced
Matsyasana: The Fish Posture, Step by Step
Matsyasana's Limitations, Relaxation, and the Two Breathing Practices
Marjariasana with Breathing: The Cat Stretch, Step by Step
Vyagrahasana Breathing: The Tiger Stretch, Step by Step
Pranayama: Controlling the Breath, and Why It Matters for Students
The Three Pranayamas Revised, and What Shanmukhi Mudra Is
Shanmukhi Mudra Step by Step, and Bhastrika Introduced
Bhastrika Pranayama: The Bellows Breath, Step by Step
Mudras and Jnana Mudra: The Hand Gestures That Seal Energy
Jnana Mudra's Benefits, and Pratyahara: Listening to a Temple Bell
Dharana: One-Pointed Concentration, and Cleansing the Eyes
Jatru Trataka: Gazing at the Thumbs, Step by Step
Simple Palming, the Benefits of Jatru Trataka, and Its Limitations
Dhyana: The Simple Meditation Exercise, and Panchakosha Meditation Introduced
Panchakosha Meditation: The Inner Journey Through the Five Layers
Samadhi, Krida Yoga, and the Yoga of Reflection Game
Assessment: Matching the Five Koshas and Listing Your Own Practices
The Teachers' Evaluation Rubric, and the Seven Yoga Riddles
Evaluation for Asana, and the Two Pranayama Riddles
The Suggested Session Plan for Yoga: Months 1 to 3
The Suggested Session Plan for Yoga: Months 4 to 6
The Yoga Module for Practice at Home: Two Thirty-Minute Routines
The Suggestive Annual Session Plan: How the Whole Year Fits Together
Summative Assessment: The Five Self-Assessment Scales
Summative Assessment: The Fitness Record Without Goals
Summative Assessment: The Badminton Scales for Serve, Lift and Drive
Summative Assessment: The Football and Kabaddi Scales
Self-Assessment Questionnaire 1: Yoga for Daily Life
Self-Assessment Questionnaire 2: The Yoga Sadhana Riddles and Rubrics
Annexure: The T-Test for Agility, Set Up and Run
Annexure: The 600-Metre Run/Walk Test
Annexure: The 3-Minute Step Test
Annexure: The Push-Ups Test
Annexure: The Squat Test
Annexure: The Plank Hold Test
Annexure: The Sit-and-Reach Test
Annexure: The 50-Metre Sprint Test
07
Science
12 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?gecu1=0-12
1 The Ever-Evolving World of Science 3 classes
An Invitation, Not a Textbook: Why the Page Numbers Fly
A Walking Tour of This Year's Chapters: Materials, Circuits, Change and Heat
1.1 Happy Exploring! and Activity 1.1: Question the Answer
2 Exploring Substances: Acidic, Basic, and Neutral 13 classes
A Message That Appeared From Nowhere: The Science Fair (Fig. 2.1)
Activity 2.1: Testing Eleven Everyday Samples with Blue and Red Litmus
What Litmus Really Is, and How Groups A, B and C Get Their Names (Fig. 2.3)
Activity 2.2: Sour, Bitter, Slippery — and the Acids Hiding in Your Food (Fig. 2.4)
2.1.2 Red Rose as an Indicator: Activities 2.3 and 2.4 (Figs. 2.5 to 2.8)
2.1.3 Turmeric as an Indicator: Activity 2.5 Makes Turmeric Paper (Fig. 2.9)
What Turmeric Paper Can and Cannot Tell You (Table 2.4)
Activity 2.6: Indicators You Smell, and Ashwin's Guru Purnima Card
2.2 What Happens When an Acid Meets a Base: Activity 2.7 (Fig. 2.10)
2.3 Neutralisation in Daily Life: The Ant Bite and the Sour Field (Figs. 2.11, 2.12)
The Factory, the Lake, and the Answer to the Disappearing Message (In a Nutshell)
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 4, and Figs. 2.13, 2.14, 2.15
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 5 to 12, Dive Deeper, and the Exploratory Projects
3 Electricity: Circuits and their Components 15 classes
The Bhakra Nangal Trip and Seven Headings of Uses of Electricity
3.2.1 Electric Cell and 3.2.2 Battery: Activities 3.2 and 3.3 (Figs. 3.2, 3.3)
3.2.3 The Incandescent Lamp and its Filament: Activity 3.4 (Fig. 3.4)
The LED Lamp: Activity 3.5 and Why One Wire Is Longer (Figs. 3.5, 3.6)
Activity 3.6: Building the Circuit and Predicting Table 3.1 (Figs. 3.7, 3.8)
3.2.5 An Electrical Circuit: Why Arrangements 1 and 6 Glow (Fig. 3.9)
Activity 3.7: Making an LED Glow, and Current in One Direction Only (Fig. 3.10)
3.2.6 Electric Switch: Activities 3.8 and 3.9, Open and Closed Circuits (Figs. 3.11, 3.12)
3.3 Circuit Diagrams: The Seven Symbols of Table 3.2
Activity 3.10: Drawing Figs. 3.12a and 3.10c as Circuit Diagrams (Figs. 3.13, 3.14)
Activity 3.11: Building a Conduction Tester and Filling Table 3.3 (Fig. 3.15)
Conductors and Insulators: Copper Wires, Plastic Covers, and the Body as a Conductor
In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 and 2 (Fig. 3.16)
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 3 to 7 (Figs. 3.17, 3.18, 3.19)
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 8 to 11, and the Exploratory Projects (Figs. 3.20, 3.21, 3.22)
4 The World of Metals and Non-metals 15 classes
Sudarshan Uncle's Workshop: What an Ironsmith Makes, and From What (Fig. 4.1)
4.1.1 Malleability: Activity 4.1 and Table 4.1 (Fig. 4.2)
Brittle, and Neither: Iron and the Progress of Civilisation, and 4.1.2 Ductility
4.1.3 Sonority: Steel Ropes, Suspension Bridges, and Activity 4.2
The Ringing Sound, and 4.1.4 Conduction of Heat: Activity 4.3 (Fig. 4.3)
Conduction, Conductors, and 4.1.5 Conduction of Electricity: Activity 4.4
Table 4.2 and the Pattern in It, then 4.2 The Question About Brown Deposits
Activity 4.5: Three Bottles A, B and C, and Table 4.3 (Fig. 4.4)
Rust, Rusting and Corrosion, and the Iron Pillar of Delhi
4.3 Burning Magnesium: Activity 4.6 and a Basic Oxide (Figs. 4.5, 4.6)
Sodium Kept Under Kerosene, and 4.4 Activity 4.7: Burning Sulfur (Fig. 4.7a, b, c)
Sulfurous Acid, Activity 4.8, and What a Non-metal Is (Fig. 4.7d)
4.5 Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Chlorine and Iodine, and In a Nutshell
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 6
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 7 to 12, and the Exploratory Projects
5 Changes Around Us: Physical and Chemical 15 classes
Four Students, Four Changes: the Ice, the Bottle, the Bud and the Banana
Activity 5.1 and Table 5.1: Eleven Everyday Changes, and the Senses That Notice Them
5.1 Physical Change: Activity 5.2 with Paper, a Balloon and Chalk (Fig. 5.1)
5.2 Chemical Change: Activity 5.3, Blowing into Tap Water and Lime Water (Fig. 5.2)
The Chemical Equation, and Activity 5.4: Vinegar and Baking Soda (Fig. 5.3)
5.3.1 Rusting and 5.3.2 Combustion: Activity 5.5 and the Covered Candle (Figs. 5.4, 5.5, 5.6)
Why the Covered Candle Goes Out, the Blanket Rule, and the Fireflies
Activity 5.6: Ignition Temperature and the Fire Triangle (Figs. 5.7, 5.8)
Activity 5.7: What Happens When a Candle Burns, and Faraday's Lectures (Fig. 5.9)
5.5 Are Changes Permanent? Activity 5.8 and Table 5.2, and 5.6 Desirable Changes
Undesirable Changes, Compost and Pollution, and 5.7.1 Weathering of Rocks (Fig. 5.10)
5.7.2 Erosion, and In a Nutshell
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 3
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 4 to 8, and 'Eco-friendly Prithvi'
Question 9's Venn Diagram, Question 10 and Fig. 5.11, and the Exploratory Projects
6 Adolescence: A Stage of Growth and Change 15 classes
From Seed to Sapling: Why Living Things Must Grow Before They Can Reproduce
6.1 The Five Stages of a Human Life, and Venkatesh and Devyani's Conversation
Activity 6.1 and Table 6.1: What Changes Between Grade 5 and Grade 8
The Voice Box and the Adam's Apple, Acne, and Body Hair
Secondary Sexual Characteristics, Puberty, and 6.2 the Menstrual Cycle
6.3 Emotional and Behavioural Changes: Activity 6.2 and Table 6.2
6.4.1 Meeting Nutritional Needs: Activity 6.3 and Table 6.3
Iron and Vitamin B12, Dorothy Hodgkin, and 6.4.2 Personal Hygiene (Fig. 6.1)
Four Government Schemes for Menstrual Hygiene, and 6.4.3 Physical Activities (Fig. 6.2)
6.4.4 Balanced Social Life: Peers, Online Platforms and Cyberbullying (Figs. 6.3, 6.4)
Activity 6.4 and Table 6.4, and 6.4.5 Learning to Say NO (Fig. 6.5)
Health Damage, Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, and 6.5 Why the Changes Happen: Hormones
In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Question 1
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 2 to 7
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 8 to 10, and the Exploratory Projects
7 Heat Transfer in Nature 16 classes
A Fireplace in Gangtok: Why Kerala Is Warm and Why Pans Are Metal
7.1 Conduction: Activity 7.1 and the Four Pins on a Metal Strip (Fig. 7.1)
Why Pin I Falls First: Conduction Defined, and Table 7.2 of Conductors
Trapped Air: Woollen Clothes, Two Thin Blankets and Hollow Bricks (Fig. 7.2)
Activity 7.2: The Rising Paper Cup, the Balloon in the Sun, and Smoke (Figs. 7.3b, 7.4)
Activity 7.3: The Coloured Streak and Convection, and 7.2.1 Activity 7.4 (Figs. 7.5b, 7.6)
Table 7.4: Soil Heats and Cools Faster Than Water, and the Sea Breeze (Fig. 7.7a)
The Land Breeze, and 7.3 Radiation: Light and Dark Clothes (Fig. 7.7b)
All Three at Once: Heating Water in a Pan, Let Us Wrap Up, and the Bukhari (Fig. 7.8)
7.4 The Water Cycle: Evaporation, Transpiration, Condensation and Precipitation (Fig. 7.9)
7.4.1 Activity 7.5: Clay, Sand and Gravel, and Varahamihira (Fig. 7.10)
Infiltration, Groundwater and Aquifers, and Why Groundwater Is Falling (Figs. 7.11, 7.12)
The Ice Stupas of Ladakh, and In a Nutshell (Fig. 7.13)
The Rest of In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Question 1 (i) and (ii) (Figs. 7.14, 7.15)
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Question 1 (iii) and Questions 2 to 6 (Fig. 7.16)
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 7 to 10, and the Exploratory Projects (Fig. 7.17)
8 Measurement of Time and Motion 15 classes
Prerna's Question: How Did People Tell the Time Before Clocks?
8.1 Measurement of Time: Sundials, Water Clocks, Hourglasses and Candle Clocks (Figs. 8.1 to 8.4)
Activity 8.1: Building a Water Clock from a Plastic Bottle (Fig. 8.5), and the Samrat Yantra
Time in Ancient India, and Huygens' Pendulum Clock (Fig. 8.6)
8.1.1 A Simple Pendulum: Oscillation, Mean Position and Time Period (Fig. 8.7)
Activity 8.2 and Table 8.1: Measuring a Time Period, and Think Like a Scientist
8.1.2 The SI Unit of Time, Modern Clocks (Fig. 8.8), and the Ghati
Activity 8.3: The Smallest Interval a Wall Clock Can Measure (Fig. 8.9), and 8.2 Slow or Fast
8.3 Speed: The Distance Covered in Unit Time (Fig. 8.10)
Example 8.1 Worked Through, and Activity 8.4: The Speed of Trains (Table 8.2)
8.3.1 Speed, Distance and Time: Examples 8.2 and 8.3, and Why It Is Average Speed
8.4 Uniform and Non-uniform Linear Motion (Fig. 8.11), the Speedometer and the Odometer
Reading Table 8.3: Which of Trains X and Y Is in Uniform Motion?
In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 7
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 8 to 11, and the Exploratory Projects
9 Life Processes in Animals 15 classes
What Animals Eat, and the Alimentary Canal (Fig. 9.1)
Why Chapati Turns Sweet: Saliva, Oral Hygiene, and Activity 9.1 (Table 9.1)
What the Iodine Showed, and How Food Moves Down the Food Pipe (Fig. 9.2)
Inside the Stomach (Fig. 9.3), Alexis St. Martin, and the Six-Metre Small Intestine (Fig. 9.4)
The Pancreas, Absorption, and the Finger-like Projections (Fig. 9.5)
The Large Intestine, Egestion, the Bacteria That Help, and the Charaka Samhita
9.1.2 Ruminants (Fig. 9.6) and the Gizzard of Birds (Fig. 9.7)
9.2.1 Respiration in Humans: The Path Air Takes (Fig. 9.8)
Activity 9.2: A Working Model of Breathing (Fig. 9.9), and the Mechanism (Fig. 9.10)
Activity 9.3: What We Breathe Out (Fig. 9.11), and Breathing Practices
Gas Exchange in the Alveoli (Fig. 9.12), and the Word Equation of Respiration (Fig. 9.13)
The Circulatory System, Smoking, and 9.2.2 How Fish Breathe (Fig. 9.14)
Tadpoles, Frogs and Earthworms, and In a Nutshell
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 8
Questions 9 and 10 (Figs. 9.15 and 9.16), and the Exploratory Projects
10 Life Processes in Plants 15 classes
10.1 How Do Plants Grow? Four Guesses, and Activity 10.1 (Fig. 10.1)
Activity 10.1 Concluded: Table 10.1, and What Pots A, B and C Showed
The Vrikshayurveda, 10.2.1 Leaves as Food Factories, and Activity 10.2 (Fig. 10.2a)
The Iodine Test on a Leaf (Fig. 10.2b), Why We Decolourise It, and Activity 10.3
Table 10.2: Starch in the Green and Non-green Patches, and Coloured Leaves
Chlorophyll Is Essential, and 10.2.2 Activity 10.4: The Role of Air (Fig. 10.3a)
Table 10.3, and the Definition of Photosynthesis
Activity 10.5: The Gas That Bubbles Up (Fig. 10.4)
10.2.3 Photosynthesis in a Nutshell (Fig. 10.5), and R.H. Dastur
Activity 10.6: Finding the Stomata (Fig. 10.6), and 10.3.1 Transport of Water
Activity 10.7: Red Ink Up a Stem (Fig. 10.7), the Xylem and the Phloem (Fig. 10.8)
10.4 Do Plants Respire? Activity 10.8 and the Lime Water Test (Fig. 10.9)
In a Nutshell, and Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 1 to 5
Questions 6, 7 and 8: Reading Three Experiments (Figs. 10.10, 10.11, 10.12)
Questions 9 and 10, the Exploratory Projects, and Kamala Sohonie
11 Light: Shadows and Reflections 15 classes
Keshav's Questions: Fireflies, Moonlight, and Light in a Straight Line
11.1 Sources of Light: Luminous and Non-luminous (Figs. 11.1 to 11.3), and LED Lamps
11.2 Does Light Travel in a Straight Line? Activities 11.1 and 11.2 (Figs. 11.4, 11.5)
11.3 Activity 11.3 and Table 11.1: Predicting Before Observing
Transparent, Translucent and Opaque (Fig. 11.6), and 11.4 Shadow Formation (Fig. 11.7)
Activity 11.4 and Table 11.2: Six Changes Made to a Shadow
What a Shadow Needs, Shadow Puppetry, and 11.5 Reflection (Activity 11.5)
Redirecting Sunlight (Fig. 11.8), and Activity 11.6: A Beam Through a Comb (Fig. 11.9)
11.6 Images in a Plane Mirror: Activities 11.7 and 11.8 (Figs. 11.10, 11.11)
Lateral Inversion, the Ambulance, Aranmula Kannadi, and 11.7 The Pinhole Camera
Activity 11.9: An Upside-down Candle Flame (Fig. 11.12), and Building a Pinhole Camera (Fig. 11.13)
11.8.1 The Periscope (Fig. 11.14) and 11.8.2 The Kaleidoscope (Fig. 11.15)
Why a Kaleidoscope Never Repeats, In a Nutshell, and Questions 1 and 2
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 3 to 6 (Figs. 11.16, 11.17, 11.18)
Questions 7 to 12 (Figs. 11.19, 11.20), and the Exploratory Projects
12 Earth, Moon, and the Sun 18 classes
Rashmika's Puzzle: Long Shadows, Short Shadows, and Who Is Really Moving
12.1 Rotation of the Earth: Activity 12.1 on a Merry-go-round (Fig. 12.1)
Spinning Tops and the Earth's Axis (Figs. 12.2, 12.3), and Activity 12.2 with a Globe
A Torch for the Sun (Fig. 12.4b): Rotation from West to East Makes Day and Night (Fig. 12.5)
Standing on the Equator (Fig. 12.6), and Foucault's 22-Metre Pendulum
Activity 12.3: Watching the Big Dipper Turn (Fig. 12.7), and Star Trails
Aryabhata's Boat, and 12.2 The Revolution of the Earth
The Orbit and the Changing Night Sky (Fig. 12.8), and the Monsoon Stars of the Bhil and Pawara
12.2.2 Seasons on the Earth: The Tilt of the Axis (Fig. 12.9)
Why June Is Hot in the North (Figs. 12.10, 12.11), and Two Wrong Explanations
Solstices and Equinoxes, Six Months of Sunshine at the Pole, and 12.3 Eclipses
12.3.1 Solar Eclipse: Activity 12.4 and Apparent Size (Figs. 12.12, 12.13)
Total and Partial Solar Eclipse (Fig. 12.14), and How to Watch One Safely
Projecting the Sun with a Mirror, Grahan and the Surya Siddhanta, and 12.3.2 Lunar Eclipse
The Geometry of a Lunar Eclipse (Fig. 12.16), and the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory
M.K. Vainu Bappu, In a Nutshell, and Questions 1 and 2 (Fig. 12.17)
Let Us Enhance Our Learning: Questions 3 to 8 (Fig. 12.18)
Questions 9 to 12, the Exploratory Projects, and 'It's Still Not the End, My Friend!'
08
Social Science
20 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?gees1=0-12
1 Geographical Diversity of India 17 classes
The Big Questions, Fig. 1.1 Jog Falls, and India as a Subcontinent of Five Regions
The Himalayas: Reading a 2500-km Wall on the Map and in Fig. 1.2
Gaumukh and Fig. 1.3, the Eight Thousanders, and the Water Tower of Asia
How the Himalayas Were Formed: Gondwana, the Collision, and Figs. 1.4 and 1.5
Himadri, Himachal and Shivalik: The Three Ranges, and the Kath-kuni House of Fig. 1.6
The Great Himalayan National Park: Reading the Seven Pictures of Fig. 1.7
The Cold Desert of India: Moonland (Fig. 1.8), Yaks (Fig. 1.9) and Pangong Tso (Fig. 1.10)
The Gangetic Plains: Rivers, Multi-cropping, Transport and the Night Lights of Fig. 1.16
The Great Indian Desert: Sand Dunes (Fig. 1.21), Jaisalmer (Fig. 1.22) and the Pushkar Mela (Fig. 1.23)
Water in the Thar: Scouring with Sand, Taanka and Kunds (Fig. 1.24)
The Aravalli Hills: 2.5 Billion Years Old, the Zinc of Zawar, and Kumbhalgarh (Figs. 1.25, 1.26)
The Peninsular Plateau: What a Plateau Is, and the Western and Eastern Ghats
The Deccan: Forests, Tribal Communities, Waterfalls and Coal (Figs. 1.27 to 1.32)
India's Amazing Coastlines: The West Coast and The East Coast (Figs. 1.33, 1.34, 1.35)
The Indian Islands: Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar, Barren Island, and the Sundarbans (Figs. 1.36 to 1.40)
The Hills of the Northeast: Garo, Khasi and Jaintia, and the Three Views of Fig. 1.41
Mawlynnong and the Living Root Bridges (Fig. 1.42), Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 9
2 Understanding the Weather 14 classes
The Big Questions, Fig. 2.1, and What Weather Is: The Troposphere in Fig. 2.2
The Five Elements of Weather, and Think About It: Krishnan, Amir and the Need for a Common Measure
Observing Nature's Clues: Ants, Frogs and Pine Cones (Figs. 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3)
Weather Instruments (a) Temperature: Thermometers, Celsius and Fahrenheit, and Figs. 2.4.1 to 2.4.4
Range and Mean Daily Temperature, the IMD of 1875, and the Chart of Fig. 2.5
Reading the Temperature Table, and (b) Precipitation: How a Rain Gauge Works (Fig. 2.6)
Let's Explore: Build and Read Your Own Rain Gauge, and (c) Atmospheric Pressure (Fig. 2.7)
Why the Air Thins on a Mountain: Depressions, the Barometer, Millibars and Khardung la (Fig. 2.8)
(d) Wind: Why Direction and Speed Matter, and the Wind Vane (Fig. 2.9)
The Wind Sock and the Anemometer (Fig. 2.10), and (e) Humidity: Kochi or Jaipur?
Relative Humidity from 0% to 100%, the Hygrometer, and Think About It: Delhi 52%, Kochi 84%
Weather Stations (Fig. 2.11), the Automated Weather Station, and the AWS at a Sikkim Glacial Lake (Fig. 2.12)
Predicting the Weather: Reading the IMD Warning Map of 19 May 2024 (Fig. 2.13), and Before We Move On
Questions and Activities 1 to 4: Matching Instruments, Packing for Mumbai, Siting a Rain Gauge, and the Jammu and Kashmir Table
3 Climates of India 17 classes
The Five Big Questions, Fig. 3.1, and Weather, Seasons and the Climate: the Six Ritus
Life in Rhythm with the Ritus, and Let Us Recapitulate: Weather, Seasons, Climate
Types of Climates in India: Seven Climates from Alpine to Tropical (Fig. 3.3)
Factors Determining the Climate - (a) Latitude: Why the Sun's Angle Decides the Heat (Fig. 3.4)
(b) Altitude: Why Hill Stations Are Cool, and the Four Views of Fig. 3.5
Ooty against Coimbatore, and (c) Proximity to the Sea: Mumbai against Nagpur (Fig. 3.6)
(d) Winds: Heat Waves and Cold Waves (Fig. 3.7), and (e) Topography
Putting It All Together: What a Climate Description Must Contain, and Microclimates (Fig. 3.8)
The Monsoons: Mausim, and How Summer and Winter Reverse the Winds (Fig. 3.9)
The Southwest and Northeast Monsoons over India, Mawsynram, and the Monsoon Ragas (Fig. 3.10)
Traditional Ways of Reading the Monsoon, Climate and Our Lives, and the Festivals of Fig. 3.11
Monsoon Failure, Climates and Disasters, (a) Cyclones, and the NDRF (Fig. 3.12)
How a Cyclone Forms, the Eye of the Cyclone (Fig. 3.13), and Think About It: What Clouds Are Made Of
(b) Floods: Rivers, Glacial Bursts and Kedarnath 2013, and Urban Flooding (Figs. 3.14, 3.15)
(c) Landslides and (d) Forest Fires, and the Let's Explore on Fig. 3.15
Climate Change: Fossil Fuels, the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming (Fig. 3.16)
Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 7
4 New Beginnings: Cities and States 12 classes
The Big Questions, Fig. 4.1 at Rajagriha, and the End of India's First Urbanisation (Fig. 4.2)
How We Know: Two Sources for the Second Urbanisation, and What a Janapada Is
The Sixteen Mahajanapadas on the Map (Fig. 4.3): Fortified Capitals, Moats and Narrow Gateways
Early Democratic Traditions: The Sabha, the Samiti and a Raja Who Could Be Removed
Monarchies and the Ganas: Magadha, Kosala and Avanti against Vajji and Malla (Fig. 4.4)
More Innovations: Schools of Thought, Iron Metallurgy, and the First Coins in India
Punch-marked Coins (Fig. 4.6), the Sanchi Smithy (Fig. 4.5), and the Table Comparing Two Urbanisations
The Varna-Jati System: Jati, Sub-jati and the Four Varnas
Where the Word 'Caste' Comes From, and How a Flexible System Became Rigid
Think About It on Inequality, and Developments Elsewhere: the Uttarapatha and the Dakshinapatha (Fig. 4.7)
Shishupalgarh and the Ports, the Timeline of Fig. 4.8, the Southern Kingdoms and Kodumanal (Fig. 4.9)
Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 4
5 The Rise of Empires 23 classes
The Big Questions, Fig. 5.1 at Barabar, Fig. 5.2 of Pataliputra, and the Time Machine Called Itihasa
Ira at the Gate: Soldiers, the Drawbridge, the Moat and the Cave (Fig. 5.3)
Inside Pataliputra, and What an Empire Is: Imperium, Samraj and the Tributary
The Six Features of an Empire
Why a King Wants an Empire, and the Five Pictures of Fig. 5.4
Trade, Trade Routes and Guilds: Why an Army Is Expensive, and What India Traded
What Made a Guild Remarkable, the Trade Route Map of Fig. 5.5, and the Rise of Magadha
Why Magadha Rose: Land, Timber, Elephants and Iron, and the Siege Panel of Fig. 5.6
Surplus, the Ganga and Son, and the Nandas: Mahapadma's Coin (Fig. 5.7) and Panini (Fig. 5.8)
The Arrival of the Greeks: Porus, and Alexander's Campaign of 334-331 BCE (Figs. 5.9, 5.10)
Satraps, the Battle with Porus, and the End of Alexander (327-325 and 324-323 BCE)
Alexander and the Gymnosophists (Fig. 5.11), and The Mighty Mauryas Begin
The Story of Kautilya, and Two Maps: the Nanda Empire (Fig. 5.12) and the Maurya Empire (Fig. 5.13)
Chandragupta Takes Magadha, Defeats the Satraps, and Hosts Megasthenes (Fig. 5.14)
Kautilya's Saptanga (Fig. 5.15), and Why the Countryside Comes First
The King Who Chose Peace: Ashoka, the Kalinga War, and Fig. 5.16
The Great Communicator: Edicts on Rock and Pillar, Prakrit and Brahmi (Fig. 5.17)
Devanampiya Piyadasi: What Ashoka Claimed to Have Done (Fig. 5.18)
What Dharma Means, and the Edict Instructing the City Magistrates
After Ashoka, and Life in the Mauryan Period: the Sohagaura Plate (Fig. 5.19) and the Sarnath Capital (Fig. 5.20)
Some Contributions of the Mauryas: Life and People (Figs. 5.21 to 5.25), Art and Architecture (Figs. 5.26, 5.27)
The National Emblem, the Coins of Fig. 5.29, and The Fragile Nature of Empires (Fig. 5.30)
Before We Move On, and Questions and Activities 1 to 9
6 The Age of Reorganisation 19 classes
The Big Questions, Fig. 6.1.1, and the Break-up of the Maurya Empire in 185 BCE
Fig. 6.2: The Dynasties of the Age, Inside and Outside the Subcontinent (Fig. 6.3), and Matrimonial Alliances
Surge of the Shungas: Pushyamitra and the Ashvamedha Yajna (Fig. 6.4)
Sanskrit, the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, and the Bharhut Stupa Railings (Figs. 6.5.1 to 6.5.4)
Some Shunga Contributions to Art: Reading the Ten Objects of Fig. 6.6
The Bharhut Panel of Fig. 6.7, and The Satavahanas: A Deccan Power
Satavahana Coins and Ships (Fig. 6.8), Roman Trade, and the Naneghat Caves (Fig. 6.9)
Life under the Satavahanas: Mothers' Names (Fig. 6.10), a Widow Queen's Yajna, and the Brahmi Numerals
Vasudeva, Tax-free Land, the Karla Caves (Fig. 6.11) and the Yaksha of Pitalkhora (Fig. 6.12)
The End of the Satavahanas, and Coming of the Chedis: Kharavela and the Hathigumpha Inscription (Fig. 6.13)
Sangam Literature and the Sangam Age, the Cholas, and the Map of Fig. 6.14
Silappadikaram: The Tale of the Anklet, and the Statue of Kannagi (Fig. 6.15)
King Karikala (Fig. 6.16) and the Kallanai or Grand Anicut (Fig. 6.17)
The Cheras and Their Coins (Fig. 6.18), and The Pandyas: Pearls, Navy and Inscriptions
Invasions of the Indo-Greeks: the Heliodorus Pillar (Fig. 6.19), Coins with Indian Deities (Fig. 6.20), and the Shaka Samvat
The Emergence of the Kushanas: Kanishka's Headless Statue (Fig. 6.22), His Coins (Fig. 6.23), and the Gandhara School (Fig. 6.24)
The Silk Route of Fig. 6.25, from Byzantium to Luoyang
The Mathura Style (Fig. 6.26), Identifying the Artefacts of Fig. 6.27, and Cultural Assimilation
Before We Move On, the Timeline of Fig. 6.28, and Questions and Activities 1 to 6
7 The Gupta Era: An Age of Tireless Creativity 17 classes
The Big Questions, Fig. 7.1 at Ajanta, and Fig. 7.2: Four Powers of the 3rd to 6th Centuries CE
The Iron Pillar of Delhi (Fig. 7.3): 1,600 Years Without Rust, and A New Power Emerges
Chandragupta I's Gold Coin (Fig. 7.4), Chandragupta II 'Vikramaditya', and Why the 'II'
The Warrior King: the Prayaga Prashasti, Harisena (Fig. 7.5) and Samudragupta with the Veena (Fig. 7.6)
The Vishnu Purana on the Empire's Regions, the Ashvamedha Coin (Fig. 7.7), and the Map of Fig. 7.8
A Traveller's Account: Faxian on Indian Society in the Gupta Age
Why One Source Is Not Enough: the Chandalas, and Glimpses of the Gupta Empire
Prabhavati Gupta, Regent Ruler of the Vakatakas (Figs. 7.9, 7.10)
Provinces, Copper-Plate Land Grants, and Thriving Trade as Far as Socotra
New Ideas and Wonders: Why This Is Called the Classical Age (Figs. 7.11, 7.12)
Aryabhata and Varahamihira (Fig. 7.13)
Kalidasa and the Meghadutam, the Cloud Messenger (Fig. 7.14)
Ayurveda Codified, and The Quest for Beauty: the Centres of Gupta Art
The Decline of the Guptas, and Meanwhile in the South: the Pallavas at Kanchipuram
Various Aspects of Gupta Art: Figs. 7.15 to 7.18
Kamarupa and the Varmans, and the Timeline of Fig. 7.19
Samudragupta's Pattern with Tributaries, the Gupta Legacy, Before We Move On, and Questions 1 to 7
8 How the Land Becomes Sacred 7 classes
How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 1
How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 2
How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 3
How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 4
How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 5
How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 6
How the Land Becomes Sacred — part 7
9 From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types 11 classes
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 1
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 2
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 3
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 4
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 5
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 6
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 7
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 8
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 9
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 10
From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types — part 11
10 The Constitution of India 9 classes
The Constitution of India — part 1
The Constitution of India — part 2
The Constitution of India — part 3
The Constitution of India — part 4
The Constitution of India — part 5
The Constitution of India — part 6
The Constitution of India — part 7
The Constitution of India — part 8
The Constitution of India — part 9
11 From Barter to Money 7 classes
From Barter to Money — part 1
From Barter to Money — part 2
From Barter to Money — part 3
From Barter to Money — part 4
From Barter to Money — part 5
From Barter to Money — part 6
From Barter to Money — part 7
12 Understanding Markets 11 classes
Understanding Markets — part 1
Understanding Markets — part 2
Understanding Markets — part 3
Understanding Markets — part 4
Understanding Markets — part 5
Understanding Markets — part 6
Understanding Markets — part 7
Understanding Markets — part 8
Understanding Markets — part 9
Understanding Markets — part 10
Understanding Markets — part 11
1 The Story of Indian Farming 17 classes
The Big Questions, the Kṛiṣhi Parāśhara Verse, and Fig. 1.1: Six Photographs of Indian Farming
India's Agricultural Landscape: What 'Agriculture and Allied Activities' Covers, and Who Actually Farms
Echoes from the Past: Fig. 1.2's 4,800-Year-Old Furrows at Kalibangan and Fig. 1.3's Sugarcane and Pumpkin
Climate, Seasons and Crops: Xuanzang's Observation, Seven Climates, 15 Agroclimatic Zones and Fig. 1.4
Reading Fig. 1.5: The Kharif, Rabi and Zaid Calendar, with Fig. 1.6's Mustard and Fig. 1.7's Pearl Millet
Soil, the Foundation of Cultivation: Fig. 1.8's Four Stages, the Six Soils of India, and Soil–Crop Linkages
Two Maps Side by Side: Fig. 1.9, the Soil Map of India, and Fig. 1.10, the Crops Each Soil Carries
Nurturing the Soil: Crop Rotation, Contour Ploughing and Panchagavya against Terracing and Precise Fertiliser
Water: Rain-Fed Farming, Fig. 1.11's Banana Bunds, Fig. 1.12's Drone and Fig. 1.13's Munsar Lake
From Phad Canals and Fig. 1.14's Bamboo Pipes to Fig. 1.15's Drip and Fig. 1.16's Sprinklers — and Then Seeds
Beejamrit, the Indian Seed Drill, and the Arthaśhāstra's Instructions for Preparing Seed
Traditional Systems and the Green Revolution: Fig. 1.17's Terraces, Kulāgar, Gokṛiṣhi, Fig. 1.18 and Fig. 1.19
The Costs of the Green Revolution and Sustainable Pathways: Sikkim, Neem, and Fig. 1.20's Three Heritage Systems
The Role of the Government, Hydroponics (Fig. 1.21), Crop Insurance (Fig. 1.22), and the Three-Quarter-Hectare Farm
Climate Change, the Ganga Under Stress, and the Debt Trap: Why 2,300 Farmers a Day Walk Away
Before We Move On, and Questions 1 to 3: Kerala's Rice, Punjab's Wheat, and the Six-Pair Matching Exercise
Questions and Activities 4 to 9: Technology, Sustainability, the Class Debate and the Ganga Presentation
2 India and Her Neighbours 18 classes
Mandela's Sentence, The Big Questions, and Fig. 2.1: India Placed Among Her Neighbours
Framing the Neighbourhood: The 15,100 km Land Border, Maritime Neighbours, and the Routes of Fig. 2.2
The Indian Ocean, an 11,100 km Coastline, and What Regionalism Means
India and China: Buddhism Both Ways, Fig. 2.3's Size Note, Fig. 2.4's Kaiyuan Pillar, and the Trade Balance
India and Pakistan: Partition, the Wars, the Shared Shrines, and the Kartarpur Corridor (Fig. 2.6)
A Newborn Neighbour: Bangladesh, the Transboundary Rivers, Fig. 2.7's Map and Fig. 2.8's Sundarban
In the Lap of the Himalayas: Nepal, the 1950 Treaty, the Open Border, and Fig. 2.9's Pa&#347;hupatin&#257;tha Temple
The Land of the Thunder Dragon: Bhutan, Fig. 2.10's Emblem, Fig. 2.11's Tala Project, and the Three Schools of Buddhism
Tiger's Nest (Fig. 2.12), Gross National Happiness, and Myanmar: India's Gateway to Southeast Asia
Afghanistan and the Uttar&#257;patha (Fig. 2.15), then India's Maritime Neighbours and SAARC
Sri Lanka Across the Palk Strait: A&#347;hoka's Children, the Civil War, and Figs. 2.16, 2.17 and 2.18
A Nation of Islets: The Maldives, Dhivehi's Indian Roots, Fig. 2.19's Underwater Cabinet, and Rising Seas
From Dv&#257;rak&#257; to Dv&#257;ravat&#299;: Thailand, Fig. 2.20's Map, and Fig. 2.21's Churning of the Ocean
The Malay Peninsula and the Lion City: Fig. 2.22's Petronas Towers and Fig. 2.23's Four Languages
Little India (Fig. 2.24) and the Indonesian Archipelago: Fig. 2.25's Garu&#7693;a and Fig. 2.26's Borobudur
The 2004 Tsunami and the Warning Centre, then an Ancient Neighbour: Iran, the Avesta and Chabahar
The Land of Copper: Oman, Fig. 2.30's Harappan Ingot, Fig. 2.31's Muscat Temple, and Before We Move On
Questions and Activities 1 to 8: Maritime Neighbours, Buddhism, Open Borders, and the Map Tasks
3 Empires and Kingdoms: 6th to 10th Centuries 21 classes
India Never Spoke Her Last Word: The Big Questions and Fig. 3.1, the Shore Temple at Māmallapuram
600 to 1200 CE in One Journey: Fig. 3.2's Timeline and Fig. 3.3's Map of the Dynasties After the Guptas
Harṣhavardhana at Kannauj: Fig. 3.4's Peacock Coin, Fig. 3.5's Signature, and Bāṇa's Kādambarī
Xuanzang's Road and Harṣha's Court: Fig. 3.7's Route, the Prayāga Assembly, and the Tripartite Struggle Begins
The Tripartite Struggle and the Pālas: Fig. 3.8's Seal, Fig. 3.9's Crowned Buddha, and Vikramaśhilā's Gatekeeper Scholars
Gurjara-Pratīhāras and Rāṣhṭrakūṭas: Fig. 3.10's Manuscript, Fig. 3.11's Varāha Coin and Fig. 3.12's Kailaśhanātha
Amoghavarṣha Nṛipatunga, Peak of Kings: Fig. 3.13's Kannada Inscription and Al-Masūdī's Testimony
Kashmir and Kalhaṇa's Rājatarangiṇī: How a 12th-Century Historian Worked, and Fig. 3.14's Shankaracharya Hill
Kashmir Śhaivism and the Deccan: Fig. 3.15's Standing Śhiva, Pulakeśhin II, and Fig. 3.16's Map of the South
Ravikīrti's Praise Poem (Fig. 3.17), the Eastern Chālukyas, and the Pallavas of Kānchī
Reading Fig. 3.18: Durga About to Slay Mahiṣhāsura, and the End of Pallava Rule
Further South: Pāṇḍyas, Cheras and the Rise of the Cholas — Fig. 3.19's Warriors and Fig. 3.20's Naṭarāja
Sāmantas, Bhuktis and Village Sabhās: How These Kingdoms Were Actually Run (Fig. 3.21, Fig. 3.22)
Merchant Guilds, Ports and Jātis: Who Traded, Who Was Excluded, and How the Kāyasthas Became a Jāti
Queens, Tantra, Jainism and the Bhakti Movement: Fig. 3.23's Bāhubalī, the 12 Ālvārs and the 63 Nāyanārs
Brahmagupta and the Galaxy of Mathematicians: Zero, Negative Numbers, and Fig. 3.25's Victory Pillars
The Hūṇas' Challenge and How They Vanished into India: Reading the Two Coins of Fig. 3.26
The Arabs in Sindh: 637 at Thānā, Muhammad bin Qasim, King Dāhar, and Three Centuries of Resistance
Mawsim Becomes Monsoon: The Word Table to Complete, and How Indian Numerals Reached Europe
Taking Stock: Fig. 3.27's Map of Twelve Dynasties, the Fifteen More Not Covered, and the Six Closing Points
Questions and Activities 1 to 7: The Letter to Kanchipuram, the Vassal System, and the Ruler–City Matching
4 Turning Tides: 11th and 12th Centuries 18 classes
Vivekananda's Rock, The Big Questions, and Fig. 4.1: Soldiers and Elephants at Khajuraho
A Chapter That Opens and Closes with an Invasion: Fig. 4.2's Timeline and a Word of Caution
The Hindu Shāhis and the Khyber Pass (Fig. 4.3), and the Rise of Mahmūd of Ghazni
Mathura, Kannauj and Somnath: Reading Fig. 4.4's Map and the Cost of Seventeen Raids
Al-Bīrūnī, the Scholar in the Invader's Camp: Fig. 4.6's Stamp and a Witness Against His Own Patron
Bhāskarāchārya and the Līlāvatī: The Herd of Elephants, and Fig. 4.7's Peacock and Snake
Why Did Mahmūd Do It? Fig. 4.8's Captive King, Fig. 4.9's Two-Language Coin, and the Senas of Bengal
The Eastern Gangas, and Reading Fig. 4.10: The Kingdoms of the South in the 11th and 12th Centuries
Kākatīya Warangal (Fig. 4.11) and the Hoysalas: 'Poy, Sāla' and the Name of a Dynasty
Hoysala Stone (Fig. 4.12) and Rājarāja Chola: Islands of the Sea, Anurādhapura, and a Vihāra for a Foreign King
Rājendra Chola I: 'The Chola Who Brought Gangā' (Fig. 4.13) and the Navy Sent to the Strait of Malacca
Bhoja the Scholar-King: The Lake at Bhojpur (Fig. 4.15), and the Ghūrids Take Ghazni
Tarain 1191 and 1192: Pṛithvīrāja III (Fig. 4.16), the Fall of Dhillikā, and Two Coins of Muhammad Ghūrī
The Burning of Nālandā: Jūzjānī's 'Bihār', the Library of Lakhs of Manuscripts, and Fig. 4.19
1206: Two Deaths, and How These Kingdoms Paid for Their Armies (Fig. 4.20)
Rāmānujāchārya and Basavaṇṇa (Figs. 4.21, 4.22): Two Thinkers Who Opened the Door
Angkor Wat (Fig. 4.23), the Lesson of Resilience, and Question 1 on Change and Continuity
Questions and Activities 2 to 8: The Star of Dynasties, the Distance Rājendra Sailed, and the Matching Exercise
5 India, a Home to Many 11 classes
Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam: The Hitopadeśha Verse, Sri Sarada Devi's Last Message, and The Big Questions
The Story of Indian Jews: The Bene Israel Shipwreck, the Raja of Kochi's Grant, and Vivekananda at Chicago (Fig. 5.1)
Reading Figs. 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4: A Plaque, a Synagogue Interior, and a Jewish Family in Mumbai
Milk and Sugar: Why the Parsis Came, Raja Jadi Rāṇā's Jug, and Fig. 5.6's Fire at Udvada
Fig. 5.7's Parsi Bride, and the Old Ties Between the Avesta and the Veda
Arab Merchants and the Siddis: Fig. 5.8's Cheraman Juma Masjid and Fig. 5.12's Padma Shri
Armenians in Agra, Kolkata and Chennai (Fig. 5.13), and the Baha'is (Fig. 5.14)
The Good Maharaja of Nawanagar (Fig. 5.15), and Why Tibetans Came: Nālandā's Monks and Sowa Rigpa
The Four Commitments and a Second Home: Fig. 5.17's Monastery at Bylakuppe
The Whole World Is Family: Atithi Devo Bhava, the Mettā Sutta, and Indian Values Beyond India
Questions and Activities 1 to 4: The World Map of Routes, the Key Values, and the Class Project
6 The State, the Government, and You 14 classes
Socrates on the Cost of Not Ruling: The Big Questions and Fig. 6.1, the Government and Us
What Is a State? Fig. 6.3's Four Parts and Roshini Didi's Answers in Fig. 6.4
The School and the Teachers: What a Government Is, Fig. 6.5, and Reading Fig. 6.6 with the Police
Democracy and Republic: Why the Constitution Makers Used Both Words, with Fig. 6.7's Preamble
The Dongria Kondh Hills and the 9 pm Delivery Ban: How a Republic Stops the Dominance of the Majority
Legislature (Fig. 6.10) and Executive: The Political and the Permanent Halves of the Government
Reading Fig. 6.11's Hierarchy, the Five Great Services, and C.B. Muthamma's Case (Fig. 6.12)
Protector, Provider, Regulator (Fig. 6.13) — and Why Problems Remain
Grievance Redressal (Fig. 6.14), the RTI at Bagepalli, and Using the Media (Fig. 6.15)
Civil Society and the Silent Valley (Fig. 6.16), Writing, Voting — and the Judiciary as Watchdog
Why the Judiciary Matters, and Three Tiers (Fig. 6.17): How Local Government Became the Third
Reading Fig. 6.18: Five Reasons for Decentralisation, Gandhi's Grām Swarāj, and Who Does What
Reading Fig. 6.19: How Three Levels and Three Organs Run One School System
Before We Move On, and Questions 1 to 5: The Student Council, the Limits of Parliament, and Your Family's Year
7 Infrastructure: Engine of India’ s Development 13 classes
Kalam's Test of a Developed India: The Big Questions and Fig. 7.1
The Morning Without Roads: What Physical Infrastructure Is, and Fig. 7.2's Seven Works
Rishabh's Journey and Satish's Tomatoes (Fig. 7.3): Infrastructure as a Jigsaw
Reading Fig. 7.4's Road Map, NH44 and the Golden Quadrilateral, and Two Bridges (Figs. 7.5, 7.6)
From 1853 to Today: Fig. 7.7's Colonial Network, Fig. 7.8's Electrification Chart and Fig. 7.9
Three Figures on One Railway: Fig. 7.10's Network, Fig. 7.11's Track Lengths and Fig. 7.12's Locomotives
Metros (Figs. 7.13, 7.14) and Air Transport (Figs. 7.15–7.17): Speed, Cargo and a Garden Airport
Reading Fig. 7.18's Airport Map, and Shipping: 12 Major Ports and Fig. 7.21's League Table
Rani's Voice Note and Fig. 7.22's Ports: The Invisible Journey of a Message
J.C. Bose, the Man Who Did Not Patent (Fig. 7.24), and Fig. 7.25's Telephones
Social Infrastructure, Littered Roads (Figs. 7.26, 7.27), and the Arthaśhāstra's Road Widths
The Community Responsibility Pact: Three Printed Tasks, and Before We Move On
Questions and Activities 1 to 7: The Scenario Posters, the Jobs Question, and the Innovation Hunt
8 Banks and the Magic of Finance 8 classes
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 1
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 2
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 3
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 4
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 5
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 6
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 7
Banks and the Magic of Finance — part 8

🗣 Languages (4)

🗣 Popular Languages (2)

02
English
5 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?gepr1=0-5
1 LEARNING TOGETHER 39 classes
Unit 1 Learning Together: Before We Read The Day the River Spoke
Let us read I: A Big Bright Tear and a Sleepy Voice by the River
Let us read II: The River's Advice, the Ships, and the Walk to School
Let us discuss: The Question-and-Answer Table, and Jahnavi's Promise
Let us think and reflect I: Extract 1 on the River's Tone, and Extract 2 on 'It's up to you'
Let us think and reflect II: Seven Questions on the Story, and Why 'River' Takes a Capital Letter
Let us learn II, III and IV: Nine Sound Words, Words India Gave English, and Four Indian Boats
Let us learn V and VI: The Water-Transport Crossword, and What a Preposition Does
Let us learn VI and VII: Preposition or Adverb, and Jahnavi's First Day at School
Let us learn VII (4-8), and Let us listen I: Five Speakers on School Life
Let us listen II and Let us speak I and II: Matching the Speakers, and Asking For and Giving Advice
Let us explore I and II, and Let us write: Observing Nature
Let us explore III and IV: Reading the Poster on Girls' Education, and Schemes for the Girl Child
Try Again: Before We Read, Who Inspires You and What the Six Pictures Say
Let us read: 'Try Again' by Eliza Cook, King Bruce and the Spider's Nine Attempts
Let us discuss I to V: The Summary Blanks, Narrative Style, Alliteration, Repetition and Rhyme Scheme
Let us discuss VI: Metaphor and Simile, Marking M or S and Turning One into the Other
Let us think and reflect I: Extract 1, 'low despair' and the 'silken filmy clue'
Let us think and reflect: Extract 2 and the Six Questions, and Let us learn I: Opposites
Let us learn II and III: toil, brace, endeavour and strive, and Sorting Distance Words Far or Near
Let us learn IV and Let us listen: The Tongue Twister, and the Story of the Ant
Let us speak: Narrating a Time You Refused to Give Up, in Seven Steps
Let us write and Let us explore I to III: The Letter to Your Cousin, and Weaving a Spider Web
Let us explore III: Finishing and Decorating the Spider Web, Figs. 1 to 4
Three Days to See: Before We Read, A Place You Liked and Your Five Senses
Let us read I: What Helen Keller's Hands Can Find, and Day One
Let us read II: Day Two at the Museums and Day Three in the City
Let us read III and Let us discuss I: 'Use Your Eyes as if Tomorrow You Would Be Stricken Blind'
Let us discuss II and III, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1: The Three-Day Table and the Window of the Soul
Let us think and reflect: Extract 2 on the 'thrilling miracle', and the Six Questions on the Text
Let us learn I and II, and Modal Verbs: Sensory Words, 'should' plus a Main Verb
Let us learn III and IV: Modals 3 to 5, and Choosing the Right Modal for Seven Situations
Let us listen and Let us speak: Anuj and His Mother on Braille, and One Minute on a Sense
Let us write and Let us explore I: A Descriptive Paragraph, and Louis Braille's Code of Raised Dots
Let us explore I to III: Writing Your Name in Braille, the International Day, and Indian Sign Language
TRANSCRIPTS, The Day the River Spoke: Speakers (i) to (iv), Father, Grandmother, Teacher and Student
TRANSCRIPTS: Speaker (v) the Principal, and Try Again, the Ant Who Would Not Give Up, Part 1
TRANSCRIPTS: The Ant's Chain of Friends, and Three Days to See, Anuj Meets Tara's Braille
TRANSCRIPTS: Digital India, Screen Readers and the Right Mindset, and the Four True Statements
2 WIT AND HUMOUR 47 classes
Unit 2 Wit and Humour: Before We Read Animals, Birds, and Dr. Dolittle
Let us read I: The Cat&rsquo;s-food-Man&rsquo;s Suggestion, and Polynesia&rsquo;s Bird Language
Talking with Ears, Feet and Tails, and Let us discuss I to III
Let us read II: The Plough Horse Who Needed Spectacles
Green Spectacles, and Why the Garden Filled with Animals
A Door for Every Kind of Animal, Fame Abroad, and Let us discuss I and II
Let us discuss III: Ten Events to Put in Order, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1
Extracts 1 and 2: &lsquo;Good Gracious!&rsquo;, the Analogy, and the Plough Horse&rsquo;s Complaint
Let us think and reflect II (3 to 5), and Let us learn I: Three Kinds of Compound Word
Let us learn II and III: Building Compound Words, and Animals Hidden in Sentences
Let us learn IV and V: Palindromes, and Underlining the Verbs
Let us learn VI and Let us listen: Present Perfect Practice, and Dr. Dolittle&rsquo;s New Clinic
Let us speak: Four Problems and the Doctor-and-Patient Cue Cards
Let us write: A Notice about the Annual Health Check-up
Let us explore I to III: The Goshala, Animal Welfare in Ayurveda, and Stray Animals
A Funny Man: Before We Read &mdash; Things I Find Funny
Let us read: &lsquo;A Funny Man&rsquo; by Natalie Joan
Let us discuss I to V: True Statements, Word Clues, Tone, Rhyme Scheme and Inversion
Let us discuss V.2 and VI, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1: &lsquo;Your Highness&rsquo; and the Currant Bun
Extract 2 and the Five Questions, and Let us learn: What a Phrasal Verb Is
Let us learn I and II: take up, take after, take in, take over, take off
Framing Your Own Sentences, Ways of Walking in Order of Pace, and Let us listen I
Let us listen II, Let us speak: The Joke in Three Voices, and the First Limerick
The Second Limerick, Writing Your Own, and Let us explore I: Tenali Rama, Birbal and Mullah Nasruddin
Let us explore II and III: Street Performers, Abstract Theatre, and Sukumar Ray&rsquo;s Abol Tabol
Let us explore IV: Reading &lsquo;My Lost Pencil&rsquo;
Say the Right Thing: Before We Read &mdash; Athithi Devo Bhava and Polite Behaviour
Let us read: The Four Characters, and Scene I Begins
Scene I: Why Mary Wants to Stay, and Who the Guests Are
Scene I: Mrs. Shaw&rsquo;s Rules for the Visit, and the Sentence Mary Rehearses
Let us discuss I and II: The Speaker, Words and Reason Table
Scene II: The Children Who Do Not Exist, and the Banker Who Cannot Think
Scene II: The Blue Dress, Mrs. Cotter in Bed, and the Talkative Woman
Scene II: Towzer the Dog, Mr. Pomeroy, and the Last Blunder; Let us discuss I: Rectify
Let us think and reflect Extract 1: What Mrs. Shaw Implies, and Matching Character Traits
Extract 2 on Mrs. Cotter, and the Six Questions on the Play
Let us learn I: Suffixes, Root Words and the Eight-Suffix Table
Suffix Blanks, and the Difference Between Say and Tell
Six Pairs of Confusable Verbs, and Simple Past against Present Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous Practice, and the Four Kinds of Sentence
Let us listen: Rohan and His Mother on Manners; Let us speak: Intonation and Sentence Stress
Let us speak I to III: Five Meanings of One Sentence
Rising Intonation, and Let us write: Turning the Play into a Short Story
Let us explore I to III: Enacting the Play, Greetings in Many Languages, and Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam
TRANSCRIPTS: The Clinic Announcement in Woodstock, and the Funny Incident Begins
TRANSCRIPTS: Shoes in the Kitchen, and the Mother-and-Son Conversation Begins
TRANSCRIPTS: Polite Words, Apologising, the Inside Voice and Waiting Your Turn
3 DREAMS AND DISCOVERIES 48 classes
Unit 3 Dreams and Discoveries: Before We Read My Brother's Great Invention
Let us read I: The Water Bag on Papa's Head, and Who Anand Is
How the Burglar Alarm Was Meant to Work, and Back to the Future
Building the Time Machine, Papa's NO, and Let us discuss: the Cause-and-Effect Table
Completing the Cause-and-Effect Table, and Let us read II: The Night Boppa Came
Anand Sends the Thief into His Own Room, and the Crash in the Next Room
The Neighbours Arrive, the Machine Still Humming, and the Green Scarf
Boppa Vanishes and the Machine Is Dismantled; Let us discuss: Five Events in Order
Let us think and reflect Extract 1: Anand the Scientist, and Extract 2 Begins
Extract 2: The Strange Noises and the Atmosphere, and the Character-Traits Table
III: Six Questions on the Story, and Let us learn I: Onomatopoeia
Let us learn II: Binomials, and the Six Sentences
Phrasal Verbs in the Function Paragraph, and III: Five Idioms from the Story
Simple Past against Past Perfect, and Combining Old and New Actions
Let us listen: Anita and Toby the Martian; Let us speak: The -ough Words
Sorting the -ough Sounds, the Farm Story, and the Tongue Twister
Let us write: A Paragraph on a Vocation; Let us explore: Creativity, Innovation and Invention
Let us explore: Dr. Janaki Ammal, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and Dr. Narinder Singh Kapany
Paper Boats: Before We Read, and Five Words from a Paragraph
Let us read: Paper Boats by Rabindranath Tagore
Let us discuss I to VI: The Summary Blanks, Theme, Tone, Alliteration and Imagery
Let us discuss VII: What the Boats, Flowers and Stars Symbolise; the Fairies of Sleep
Extract (iv) and the Three Questions, and Let us learn I: Making Phrases with 'of'
Let us learn II and III: Parts of the Day, and Six Opposites
Let us listen: Sai and Her Father on Origami; Let us speak: Presenting a Craft Item
Let us explore: Shiuli and Fragrant Flowers; Let us write: A Diary Entry on a Rainy Day
Let us explore II: Four Riddles about Water
North, South, East, West: Before We Read, and the Pradesh Table
Let us read: Who Shaana Is, and the First Postcard from the Thajiwas Glacier
Postcards from Himachal Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh
Postcards from the Sundarbans and Gujarat
Postcards from the Narmada River and Goa
Postcards from Chennai, Puducherry and the Pamban Bridge
The Postcard from Olaikaadu Beach
The Last Postcard to Amma and Appa, and Let us discuss: the Places-Visited Table
Let us think and reflect Extract 1: The Sundarbans, and the Assertion-and-Reason Question
Extract 2 on the Plateaus and Tunnels, and the Seven Questions
Let us learn I: Glaciers, Treehouse, Wetlands, Plateaus, Pebbles and Rafting
Let us learn II and III: Words for Six Situations, and the Travel Word Grid
Let us learn IV: Subject-Verb Agreement
The Remaining Rules, the Ten Sentences, and Let us listen: How Agartala Got Its Name
The Agartala Questions, and Let us speak: Seven Travel Preferences
Speaking Phrases, and Let us write: A Leave Application to the Principal
Let us explore I: The Crossword of States and Union Territories
Let us explore II and III: Rani-ki-Vav, the Kailasa Temple, and the Hornbill Festival
TRANSCRIPTS: Anita and Toby the Martian
TRANSCRIPTS: Sai and Her Father on Origami
TRANSCRIPTS: The Paper Boat to Come, and How Agartala Got Its Name
4 TRAVEL AND ADVENTURE 40 classes
Unit 4 Travel and Adventure: Before We Read The Tunnel
The Four Explorer Types, and Let us read I: The Jungle, the Cutting and the Waiting Boy
The Steam Engine Comes Out of the Tunnel, and Suraj Walks Through
What Was Inside the Tunnel, the Flash of Orange and Gold, and the Watchman's Duty
Meeting Sunder Singh: His Tunnel, His Leopard, and His Name
The Night Mail, the Afternoon Nap, and Let us discuss: the Flow Chart of the Watchman's System
Completing the Flow Chart, and Let us read II: Tea at Dusk and the Sounds of the Forest
The Inspection in the Dark, and the Rhythmic Sawing Sound
Driving the Leopard Out, and the Night Mail Roaring Through
A Week Later: The Lamp Seen from the Train, and the Firefly
Let us discuss: Five Questions on Part II, and Let us think and reflect Extract 1
Extract 1 Concluded, Extract 2 on the Leopard, and the First Long Questions
Three More Questions on the Story, and Let us learn I and II: Phrases and Sound Words
Sound Words in Sentences, and III: 'Would' for a Habit in the Past
The 'Used to' and 'Would' Paragraph, Colons and Semicolons, and the Museum Treasure Hunt
Marking the Museum Map, and Let us speak: Giving Directions to the Trekking Site
Let us write: A Descriptive Paragraph on a Train Journey
Let us explore: The Atal Tunnel and the History of Indian Railways
Travel: Before We Read, the Word Web and the Adventure Camp
Let us read: 'Travel' by Edna St. Vincent Millay
Let us discuss I to VII: Main Ideas, Rhyme Scheme, Tone, Symbol and Repetition
Let us discuss VIII and IX, and the Extract on the Friends She Makes
Let us learn I: Five Expressions and What They Indicate
Seven Words for Crying and Shouting, and Let us listen: The School Trip Announcement
Rectifying the Announcement, and Let us speak: The Soft and Hard Sounds of 'c'
Let us write I and II: The Diamante Poem, and Describing a Character You Met
Finishing the Character Description, and Let us explore: The Mountain Railways of India
Conquering the Summit: Before We Read, the Icons and the Word Web
Let us read: Arunima Sinha's Awards, Her Early Life, and the Night of 11 April 2011
The Training, Bachendri Pal's Words, and the Summit of 21 May 2013
Mental Fortitude, the Autobiography, and Let us discuss: Five Statements to Explain
Let us think and reflect: The Extract on Bachendri Pal, and the Four Long Questions
Let us learn I and II: Five Underlined Phrases, and the Parts-of-Speech Table
Let us learn III: Articles, the Fifteen Blanks, and Six Sentences to Correct
Let us listen: Five Speakers on Adventure Sports; Let us speak: Four Roles
The Prompts and Vocabulary for the Discussion, and Let us write: The Parts of a Formal Letter
Let us explore: The Adventure Sports Table, and a Booklet on Five Indian Mountaineers
TRANSCRIPTS: The City Museum Treasure Hunt
TRANSCRIPTS: The National Science Centre Announcement, and the First Speaker on Adventure Sports
TRANSCRIPTS: Speakers (i) to (v) on Adventure Sports
5 BRAVEHEARTS 19 classes
BRAVEHEARTS — part 1
BRAVEHEARTS — part 2
BRAVEHEARTS — part 3
BRAVEHEARTS — part 4
BRAVEHEARTS — part 5
BRAVEHEARTS — part 6
BRAVEHEARTS — part 7
BRAVEHEARTS — part 8
BRAVEHEARTS — part 9
BRAVEHEARTS — part 10
BRAVEHEARTS — part 11
BRAVEHEARTS — part 12
BRAVEHEARTS — part 13
BRAVEHEARTS — part 14
BRAVEHEARTS — part 15
BRAVEHEARTS — part 16
BRAVEHEARTS — part 17
BRAVEHEARTS — part 18
BRAVEHEARTS — part 19
03
Hindi
10 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?ghml1=0-10
1 माँ, कह एक कहानी 4 classes
माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 1
माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 2
माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 3
माँ, कह एक कहानी — part 4
2 तीन बुद्धिमान 6 classes
तीन बुद्धिमान — part 1
तीन बुद्धिमान — part 2
तीन बुद्धिमान — part 3
तीन बुद्धिमान — part 4
तीन बुद्धिमान — part 5
तीन बुद्धिमान — part 6
3 फूल और काँटा 4 classes
फूल और काँटा — part 1
फूल और काँटा — part 2
फूल और काँटा — part 3
फूल और काँटा — part 4
4 पानी रे पानी 6 classes
पानी रे पानी — part 1
पानी रे पानी — part 2
पानी रे पानी — part 3
पानी रे पानी — part 4
पानी रे पानी — part 5
पानी रे पानी — part 6
5 नहीं होना बीमार 7 classes
नहीं होना बीमार — part 1
नहीं होना बीमार — part 2
नहीं होना बीमार — part 3
नहीं होना बीमार — part 4
नहीं होना बीमार — part 5
नहीं होना बीमार — part 6
नहीं होना बीमार — part 7
6 गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ 4 classes
गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 1
गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 2
गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 3
गिरधर कविराय की कुंडलियाँ — part 4
7 वषार्-बहार 5 classes
वषार्-बहार — part 1
वषार्-बहार — part 2
वषार्-बहार — part 3
वषार्-बहार — part 4
वषार्-बहार — part 5
8 िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार 8 classes
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 1
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 2
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 3
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 4
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 5
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 6
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 7
िबरजू महाराज से साक्षा ǽार — part 8
9 िचिड़या 4 classes
िचिड़या — part 1
िचिड़या — part 2
िचिड़या — part 3
िचिड़या — part 4
10 मीरा के पद 9 classes
मीरा के पद — part 1
मीरा के पद — part 2
मीरा के पद — part 3
मीरा के पद — part 4
मीरा के पद — part 5
मीरा के पद — part 6
मीरा के पद — part 7
मीरा के पद — part 8
मीरा के पद — part 9

🛠 Kaushal Bodh (1)

10
Vocational Education
7 chapters • 100 marks
NCERT textbooks as listed on https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?gekb1=0-7
1 Work with Life Forms 19 classes
Work with Life Forms, and Project 1: Plant Nursery — What You Will Be Able to Do (Figure 1.1)
What Plants Need Beyond Air, Sunlight, Water and Nutrients: Humidity and Optimal Temperature
Why Plant Nurseries Exist, and the Printed Heading 'What Will I Be Able to Do?' (Did You Know: Thimmamma Marimanu, Figure 1.2)
'What Will I Need?' — Gardening Tools, Nursery Materials and Other Materials (Figure 1.3)
'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — The Seven Nursery Precautions and the Internet Safety Box
'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' — Types of Nursery, and Who to Invite if There Is None Nearby
Activity 1: Visit to a Nearby Plant Nursery — The Six-Line Visit Record and the First Three Questions for the Expert
Activity 1 Continued: Eight Questions on How a Nursery Keeps Plants Alive, and Table 1.1 (Figure 1.4)
'What Do I Have to Do?' — The Seven Steps of Growing Plants in a Nursery (Figure 1.5)
Activity 2: Planning and Laying Out the Plant Nursery — Choosing the Site and Drawing the Layout (Figures 1.6, 1.7)
Activity 3: Preparing the Land and Setting Up the Shade-net (Figures 1.8, 1.9, 1.10)
Activity 4: Germinating Seeds — The Six-Step Germination Test and the Germination Percentage (Figure 1.11)
Activity 5 and Method 1: Sowing Seeds on a Raised-bed Nursery (Figures 1.13, 1.14; Did You Know: Rahibai Soma Popere, Figure 1.12)
Method 2: Sowing Seeds in Plug or Seedling Trays with Cocopeat (Figure 1.15)
Method 3: Raising Plants Using Stem Cuttings — Softwood, Semi-hardwood and Hardwood (Figure 1.16)
Activity 6: Watching Plants Grow — Keeping the Nursery Record in Table 1.2
Activity 7: Calculating the Cost of Items and Materials (Table 1.3), and Digital Tools for the Nursery
'What Did I Learn from Others?' and 'What Did I Do and How Long Did It Take?' — The Reflection and the Activity Timeline
'What Else Can I Do?' and 'Think and Answer' — Extending the Project and Naming the Jobs Behind It
2 School Habitat Garden 23 classes
Project 2: School Habitat Garden — The Five Printed Outcomes (Figure 2.1)
The Animals That Live Alongside Us, and What Habitat Loss Does to Them (Figures 2.2, 2.3)
The Four Essentials of Every Habitat — Space, Shelter, Food and Water — and How They Differ Animal by Animal (Figures 2.4, 2.5)
Sanctuaries and National Parks, What the Word 'Sanctuary' Means, and 'What Will I Be Able to Do?'
'What Will I Need?' — Gardening Tools, and the Non-plant Elements That Attract Animals
'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — Three Precautions About Animals, Internet Safety, and What to Know Before You Start
Activity 1: Identifying Animals in and Around the School, and Table 2.1 (Figures 2.6, 2.7)
Activity 2: Interaction with an Expert — Who Counts as an Expert, and the Three Printed Questions
Tables 2.2 and 2.3: Recording What Animals Need, and How to Keep the Unwanted Ones Out, and 'What Do I Have to Do?'
Did You Know: Fireflies, Light Pollution and the Farmer's Problem (Figure 2.8), and Identification Using Apps
Activity 3: Identifying Natural Habitats — Where and When to Observe, and Table 2.4 (Figure 2.9 a, b, c)
Activity 4: Identifying Needs of Animals — Table 2.5 for the House Sparrow, the Spider, Butterflies and Squirrels
Did You Know: Dustbathing, Water Bathing and Mudpuddling (Figure 2.10)
Activity 5: Designing the Habitat Garden — The Seven Printed Design Questions (Figure 2.11)
Drawing the Layout Sketch, and Keeping the Unwanted Animals Out
Mimicking Habitats: Nesting Boxes, Butterfly Puddles and Feeders, and Shelters for Beneficial Insects
Activity 6: Creating the Habitat Garden — The Six Printed Steps, and the Non-plant Elements (Figures 2.12 to 2.16)
A Self-sustaining Environment: Food Chain and Biodiversity in Your Own Garden (Figure 2.17)
Activity 7: Observing the Occupants of the Habitat Garden — Table 2.6, and Why Patience Is Part of the Work
Activity 8: Maintaining the Habitat Garden — The Maintenance Schedule in Table 2.7
Activity 9: Showcasing Your Work for Kaushal Mela, and 'What Did I Learn from Others?'
The Time-lapse Video, the Activity Timeline for Activities 1 to 9, and 'What Else Can I Do?'
Think and Answer: The Six Closing Questions, and the Jobs Behind a Habitat Garden
3 Work with Machines and Materials 26 classes
Part 2: Work with Machines and Materials — The Projects on Offer, and the One-Project Rule
Project 3: Tie and Dye — The Four Printed Outcomes (Figure 3.1)
India's Textile Traditions, and Bandhani as a Resist Dye Technique (Figure 3.2)
Madurai Sungudi, Batik, and the Ajanta Evidence — Why No Two Pieces Are Alike (Figures 3.3, 3.4)
'What Will I Be Able to Do?' and 'What Will I Need?' — Fabric, Tying Materials, Dyes and Fixers
'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — The Four Dye Precautions, the Tools List, and the Nakhli (Figure 3.5)
'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' — Reading the Bandhani Samples (Figure 3.6), and Leheriya and Shibori
Who to Visit and Who to Invite, and Activity 1: Visit to a Shop (Figure 3.7)
Table 3.1 and the Four Shop Questions, and What Else Tie and Dye Can Be Used For
Activity 2: A Visit to a Tie and Dye Workshop — The Eight Printed Questions (Figure 3.8)
Figure 3.9: The Eight-Step Tie and Dye Process Flow Chart
'What Do I Have to Do?' and Activity 3, Step 1: Preparing the Five Sample Fabrics (Figure 3.10, Table 3.2)
Step 2: Tying the Fabric, and the Bandhani Tying Technique (Figure 3.11)
Table 3.3: The Traditional Bandhani Patterns — Ekdali, Trikunti, Chaubandi and Satbandi
The Shibori Tying Technique — Running Stitches, Gathering and the Firm Knot (Figure 3.12)
The Leheriya Tying Technique — Accordion Pleats and Tying at Equal Intervals (Figure 3.13)
Table 3.4: Recording Every Sample, and Step 3: Choosing the Ingredients for a Natural Dye
Making Pink and Yellow Dye from Beetroot and Turmeric, and Why Heating Matters (Figures 3.14, 3.15)
Table 3.5: Five More Plant Dyes, Passive Heating and Cold Water Dyes, and Table 3.6
Figure 3.16: Dye, Dry and Untie; Table 3.7's Common Challenges; and Step 4: The Swatch File
Activity 4, Step 1: Selecting the Product and the Fabric (Figures 3.17, 3.18)
Step 2: Design Inspiration, Colour and Technique (Figures 3.19, 3.20), and Step 3: Tie and Dye the Product
Table 3.8, Step 4: Untying and Pressing, Reverse Tie and Dye, and Activity 5: What Did You Invest?
Table 3.9: Costing the Product, and 'What Did I Learn from Others?'
The Activity Timeline, and 'What Else Can I Do?' — Ornamentation (Table 3.10)
Think and Answer: The Journey of a Tie and Dye Product, and the Jobs Along It
4 AI Assistant 24 classes
Project 4: AI Assistant — The Four Printed Outcomes (Figure 4.1)
What Intelligence Means, and How a Machine Learns to Recognise a Banyan Tree
AI in Everyday Life, What AI Cannot Do, and 'What Will I Be Able to Do?'
'What Will I Need?' and 'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — Internet Safety and Sensitivity (Figure 4.2)
'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' and Activity 1: Human vs Machine — The Three Tasks
Running the Speed, Guessing and Prediction Tests, and Filling Tables 4.1 and 4.2
What the Tests Showed, and Activity 2: AI Can Listen (Did You Know: Prof. Stephen Hawking, Figure 4.3)
AI Can See and Speak, and the Three Apps to Try: Google Lens, Photomath and Bhashini (Figure 4.4)
Finding More Tools and Table 4.3, and Activity 3: Is AI Creative? (Figure 4.5)
Writing Your Story, What an 'AI Prompt' Is, and Comparing the Two Versions
Improving the Prompt, and AutoDraw: Where AI and You Help Each Other (Figures 4.6, 4.7)
Activity 4: Preparing to Design Your Own AI Assistant — The Eight Categories
Dividing the Work, What 'Data' Means, and Aisha's Mangoes (Table 4.4)
Collecting Image Data the Way Aisha Does — Angles, Backgrounds, Brightness and Sizes (Figure 4.8)
Table 4.5, and Activity 5: Teaching the Machine to Recognise Images
Organising the Data into Named Folders, and Table 4.6 (Figure 4.9)
Activity 6: Training for Recognition — The Three Teachable Machine Steps (Figure 4.10)
Testing the Model Two Ways, Exporting It, and Table 4.7 (Figure 4.11)
Activity 7: Testing and Improving — The Four Printed Questions
Activity 8: Making the AI Assistant Interactive with MIT AI Raise Playground (Figure 4.12)
Activity 9: Sharing with Others, 'What Did I Learn from Others?', and the Timeline for Activities 1 to 9
'What Else Can I Do?' — Training AI with Audio Data in Three Steps
Think and Answer, What an 'Algorithm' Is, and Figure 4.13: Planning Your Project
Completing the Algorithm for Your Own Project, and the Jobs Behind AI
5 Work in Human Services 25 classes
Part 3: Work in Human Services — The Projects on Offer, and the One-Project Rule
Project 5: Storytime with Puppets — The Four Printed Outcomes (Figure 5.1)
India's Storytelling Traditions, and What Makes a Puppet a Puppet (Figure 5.2)
Puppetry, Its Advantages, and the Social Messages Puppets Carry (Did You Know: the Karanpura Puppet-headed Bull, Figure 5.3)
'What Will I Be Able to Do?' and 'What Will I Need?' — The Four Printed Material Groups
'How Do I Keep Myself and Others Safe?' — The Four Precautions and Internet Safety
'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' and Activity 1: What Makes Stories Work?
Activity 2: Watching a Puppet Show — What to Observe, and the Five Printed Questions
'What Do I Have to Do?' and Activity 3: Selecting or Writing a Story
Table 5.1: The Key Elements of Your Story
Activity 4: Writing a Script, and the Worked Script for 'Gopal and the Hilsa Fish' (Table 5.2)
Table 5.3: The Script Template, and Activity 5: Character Sketch (Figure 5.4)
Drawing a Puppet with Graph Paper (Figures 5.5, 5.6), and Planning Which Puppets to Make
Activity 6: Making Puppets — Sock, Spoon and Fork, and Slipper or Shoe Puppets (Figures 5.7, 5.8)
Ball, Vegetable, Leaf and Cardboard Puppets (Figures 5.9 to 5.13)
Making Puppet Heads: The Nine Steps of Figure 5.14
Painting the Face (Figure 5.16), Papier-m&acirc;ch&eacute; (Figure 5.15), and Making the Body (Figure 5.17)
Movement (Figures 5.18, 5.19, 5.20), and Table 5.4: Planning Your Puppets
Activity 7 and (a) Stage — Three Ways to Set One (Figures 5.21, 5.22, 5.23)
(b) Backdrop (Figure 5.24) and (c) Props (Figure 5.25)
(d) Voice, and (e) Sound and Music (Figure 5.26)
(f) Light, and (g) Puppeteer — Why Your Face Must Stay Flat
Activity 8: The Pre-show Checklist (Table 5.5), the Stage Sketch, and Table 5.6: The Cast
Audience Feedback, 'What Did I Learn from Others?', and the Timeline for Activities 1 to 8
'What Else Can I Do?' and Think and Answer: The Five Closing Questions
6 Family Health Handbook 23 classes
Project 6: Family Health Handbook — The Five Printed Outcomes (Figure 6.1)
What Family Health Means, and the Factors That Make It: Diet, Fitness, Sleep and Mental Well-being
Why People Still Fall Ill, the Five Essential Factors, and 'What Will I Be Able to Do?'
'What Will I Need?' — The Handbook and the First-aid Materials, and the Five Safety Precautions
'What Do I Need to Know Before I Start?' and Activity 1: The Eight Factors Affecting Health
Did You Know: What Health Experts Recommend on Diet, Sleep and Physical Fitness
'What Do I Have to Do?', Mental Well-being, and Activity 2: Framing Your Own Questions
The Four Sample Questions, and Whom to Ask — ASHA and Anganwadi Workers
Activity 3: Visit to a Hospital, PHC or CHC — What to Observe, the Record, and the Emergency Numbers (Figure 6.2)
The Eight Printed Questions for the Doctors and Nurses
Activity 4: Creating a First-aid Kit, and What First-aid Is For
Figures 6.3, 6.4 and 6.5: Bandaging a Wound, Treating a Burn, and Making ORS
The First-aid Kit Workshop: Its Format and Its Six-point Content (Figure 6.6)
Activity 5: Factors Affecting Health at Different Ages, and the Six Age Groups
Table 6.1: The Printed Health Questions on Diet, Fitness, Sleep and Mental Well-being
Table 6.2: The Environmental Questions, and Measuring Noise and Air Quality
Did You Know: Testing Drinking Water with the H2S Strip Test (Figure 6.7)
Activity 6: Analysing the Data in Table 6.3, and Activity 7: Deciding Who Must Act
Table 6.4, and Taking Action: Making a Soak Pit (Figures 6.8, 6.9)
Activity 8: The Six Areas of Preventive Action, and the Malaria Box
Table 6.5: The Action Tracker, and the Shloka from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
'What Did I Learn from Others?', the Timeline, and 'What Else Can I Do?' (Figure 6.10)
Think and Answer: The Five Closing Questions, and the Jobs in Health
7 Planning for Kaushal Mela 1 class
Planning
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